Scientific Name

Common Names

Family

Habit

Abutilon grandifolium

English: hairy abutilon

Malvaceae

shrub

English: copperleaf, Indian-nettle, ricinela; Other: hierba del cancer (Guam-Chamorro)

Euphorbiaceae

herb

Other: puapua (Cook Islands (Miti'aro)); ongo ongo (Niue); ogo ogo (Samoa); hongohongo (Tonga

Euphorbiaceae

herb

Achyranthes aspera

English: chaff-flower, devil's horsewhip; prickly chaff-flower; Other: piripiri (Cook Islands); kōpū varu (Cook Islands (‘Atiu, Ma‘uke)); tumu ‘enua (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); sono ivi (Fiji); aerofai (French Polynesia (Tahiti));chichitun, lasogado, lasocata (Guam-Chamorro); talamoa fisi (Niue); louch beluu, louch el beluu (Palau); lautafifi (Samoa); tamatama (Samoa, Tonga)

Amaranthaceae

herb

Ageratum conyzoides

English: billygoat-weed, chick week, goatweed, whiteweed; French: azier françois, baume, bouton; Spanish: chuva; Other: botebotekoro, mata mothemothe, mbotembotekoro, sogovanua, songovanua (Fiji); mumutung (Guam-Chamorro), maire vaihi (French Polynesia); maile hohono, maile honohono, maile kula (Hawai‘i); sekose sea (Niue); ngmak (Palau); a‘amia, tae‘oti (Samoa); te‘ehosi (Tonga)

Asteraceae

herb

Alysicarpus vaginalis

English: alyce-clover, buffalo-clover, one-leaf-clover; French: alysicarpus; Spanish: maní cimarrón

Fabaceae

herb

Amaranthus blitum

English: amaranth, livid amaranth, slender amaranth; French: amarante livide; Spanish: bledo; Other: tupu'a (Tonga)

Amaranthaceae

herb

Amaranthus viridis

English: green amaranth, pigweed, slender amaranth; French: amarante verte; Spanish: bledo; Other: va‘ine ‘ara (Cook Islands); chauriya, chauraiya, choroiya, ndriti, ngasau ni vuaka, tumua (Fiji); kuletes apaka (Guam—Chamorro); pakai, ‘aheahea, pakaikai, pakapakai (Hawai‘i); te moota (Kiribati); ‘au tasi (Samoa); spinach (Solomon Islands); tupu‘a (Tonga)

Amaranthaceae

herb

Annona muricata

English: soursop, prickly custard apple; French: corossolier, cacheimantier épineux, cachiman épineux, corossol épineux; Other: syasyap (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands); kātara‘apa (Cook Islands); kātara‘apa papa‘ā (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); naponapo taratara (Cook Islands (Aitutaki)); saasaf, sasaf (Chuuk); tapotapo papaa (French Polynesia); laguana, laguaná, laguanaha, laguanaba, labuanaha (Guam); sosap (Kosrae); jojaab (Marshall Islands); talapo fotofoto (Niue); sausab (Palau); sei, sae, truka shai (Pohnpei); sasalapa (Samoa); ‘apele ‘initia (Tonga); sausau (Yap)

Annonaceae

tree

Annona reticulata

English: bullock's-heart, custard-apple; French: annone réticulée, coeur de boeuf; Spanish: anona corazón, corazón de buey, mamán; Other: uto ni bulamakau, chotka sarifa (Fiji)

Annonaceae

tree

Annona squamosa

English: sugar apple, sweetsop, custard apple, sugar apple; French: annone écailleuse, pomme-canelle; Other: tapotapo (Cook Islands, French Polynesia); tapotapo Māori (Cook Islands); kātara‘apa Māori (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); naponapo Māori (Cook Islands (Aitutaki)); atis, ates (Guam); ngel ra ngebard (Palau), ‘apele papalangi, ‘apele Tonga (Tonga), nameana (Tuvalu)

Annonaceae

tree

Argemone mexicana

English: Mexican prickly-poppy, Mexican poppy, prickly poppy, yellow thistle; French: argémone du Mexique; Spanish: adormidera espinosa, cardo santo, chicalote

Papaveraceae

herb

Axonopus fissifolius

English: caratao grass, narrow-leaved carpetgrass

Poaceae

grass

Bidens pilosa

English: beggar’s tick, Spanish needle, cobbler's pegs; French: piquants noirs, bident hérissé, herbe d'aiguille, herbe villebague (Mauritius); Other: piripiri kerekere (Cook Islands); piripiri (Cook Islands, French Polynesia (Tahiti)); nīroa (Cook Islands (Aitutaki)); kamika tuarongo (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); tae puaka (Futuna); batimadramadra, mbatimandramandra, mbatikalawau, matakaro, matua kamate (Fiji); ki, ki nehe, ki pipili, nehe (Hawai'i); kofe tonga, kofetoga (Niue); fisi'uli (Tonga)

Asteraceae

herb

Bixa orellana

English: anatto, annato, annatto, arnatto, lipstick tree; French: atole, roucou, roucouyer; Spanish: achiote, achote, bija; Other: ‘uaeva, tāmuramura (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke)), nggisa, nggesa, qesa (Fiji), ‘uaefa (French Polynesia (Tahiti)), achiote (Guam—Chamorro); ‘alaea, ‘alaea la‘au, kumauna (Hawai‘i); burek (Palau)

Bixaceae

shrub

Borreria verticillata

Rubiaceae

herb

English: Chinese mustard, India mustard, Indian mustard, Oriental mustard; Spanish: mostaza india; Other: sausi (Fiji); mostaza (Guam-Chamorro)

Brassicaceae

herb

Breynia disticha

English: snowbush, snowbush breynia, sweetpea bush, foliage-flower; Other: maemae (Cook Islands (Miti‘aro))

Euphorbiaceae

shrub

Cananga odorata

English: perfume tree; French: canang odorant; Other: moso‘oi (American Samoa and Samoa); pwanang, pwuur, pwalang (Chuuk); ylang-ylang, lengileng; (CNMI); moto‘oi, mata‘oi, mato‘oi (Cook Islands, Niue, Tahiti); makasoi, makosoi, makusui, mokohoi, mokosoi (Fiji); moto‘i (French Polynesia); ilang-ilang, alang-ilang (Guam, CNMI, Philippines); lanalana (Hawai‘i); ilanlang, ilahnglahng (Kosrae); ilanilan, ilañlañ (Marshall Islands); motoi (Niue); chiráng, irang (Palau); pur-n-wai, pwurenwai, sair-n-wai, seirin wai, seir en wai (Pohnpei); mohoki, mohokoi (Tonga)

Annonaceae

tree

English: Cape periwinkle, Madagascar periwinkle, old-maid, rose periwinkle, rosy periwinkle; French: pervenche de Madagascar; Spanish: chatas, chula, pervinca de Madagascar; Other: tiare tāpau (Cook Islands), tiare mākaru (Cook Islands (Mangaia, Oneroa Village)); tiare mākurūta (Cook Islands (Ngaputou)); tiare kimo (Cook Islands (eastern Rarotonga)); tiare akiaki (northern Cook Islands); taramea, tiara taramea (Cook Islands (Aitutaki?)); kātini (Cook Islands (Mangaia, Tamarua Villiage)); kihapai (Hawai‘i))

Apocynaceae

herb

English: cockscomb; repe moa (French Polynesia); esechilamalk (Palau)

Amaranthaceae

herb

Centella asiatica

English: Asiatic pennywort, Indian pennywort, marsh pennywort, pennyweed, sheep-rot, thankuni; French: écuelle d'eau, fausse violette; Spanish: hierba de clavo, sombrerito; Other: kapukapu (Cook Islands); totondro, totono, tatandra (Fiji); pohe kula (Hawai‘i); tonu (Niue); tono (Niue, Tonga); elisichur, elsichur (Palau); togo (Samoa)

Apiaceae

herb

Centratherum punctatum

Asteraceae

herb

English: asthma plant, garden spurge, pill-bearing spurge, hairy spurge, sneeze weed (Solomon Islands); French: herbe a dysenterie, herbe a verrues; Other: totototo titā (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke)); ndeniose, ndeniosi, samunggawe, ovuka, ovoku (Fiji); eaea, raau topau (French Polynesia); golondrina (Guam-Chamorro); koko kahiki (Hawai‘i); toto tane (Niue); udall (Palau); la‘au fai moti (Samoa); sakisi (Tonga)

Euphorbiaceae

herb

English: beach spurge, graceful spurge; Other: ufi tamaiti? (Samoa)

Euphorbiaceae

herb

Chamaesyce prostrata

English: creeping splurge, prostrate spurge, red caustic creeper; Other: bodulagas-chaca (Chamorro-Guam); te tarai (Kiribati); toto fifine, toto fefine? (Niue); laulili'i (Samoa); papati (French Polynesia (Society Islands))

Euphorbiaceae

herb

Chloris gayana

English: Rhodes grass; French: chloris, herbe de Rhodes; Spanish: grama de Rodas, pasto de Rodas

Poaceae

grass

English: tickweed, spider flower; Other: monggos-paluma, mongos-paloma (Chamorro-Guam)

Capparaceae

herb

English: adlay, adlay millet, Job's-tears; French: larmes de Job; Spanish: lágrimas de Job, lágrimas de San Pedro; Other: poepoe (Cook Islands, French Polynesia (Tahiti)), sila (Fiji); pū‘ohe‘ohe, kūkaekōlea, ‘ohe‘ohe, pūpū kōlea (Hawai‘i); tangatanga (Niue); demairuuch, tauiir (Palau); sanasana, sagasaga (Samoa); hana (Tonga)

Poaceae

grass

Conyza canadensis

English: butterweed, Canadian horseweed, Canadian fleabane, hogweed, horseweed

Asteraceae

herb

Coronopus didymus

English: bittercress, swinecress, wart cress; Other: lesivao (Tonga)

Brassicaceae

herb

Crassocephalum crepidoides

English: thickhead, fireweed, redflower ragleaf; Other: fua lele, pualele (American Samoa and Samoa); maraburubo (Solomon Islands); fisi puna (Tonga); se vuka (Fiji)

Asteraceae

herb

Crotalaria pallida

English: salts rattlebox, smooth crotalaria, smooth rattlebox, smooth rattlepod, streaked rattlepod, striped crotalaria; French: crotalaire mucronée; Other: maniva (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); nggiringgiri, kaumothe, toela, pini (Fiji); pikakani, kolomona (Hawai‘i); pine kotalelia (Niue); pi'isi (Tonga)

Fabaceae

shrub

Crotalaria verrucosa

English: blue-flower rattlepod, tooth-leaf rattlepod

Fabaceae

herb

Cyclospermum leptophyllum

English: fir-leaved celery, marsh parsley, slender celery

Apiaceae

herb

Cyperus compressus

English: flat sedge; Other: pakopako (Tonga)

Cyperaceae

sedge

Cyperus cyperoides

Other: pako (Niue); tuise (Samoa); pako pako (Tonga)

Cyperaceae

sedge

Cyperus gracilis

English: McCoy grass, slender sedge, whisker grass, whisker sedge; Other: mau‘u hunehune (Hawai‘i)

Cyperaceae

sedge

Cyrtococcum oxyphyllum

English: long-leaf cyrtococcum grass; Other: thovatu, osalasala (Fiji)

Poaceae

grass

Dactyloctenium aegyptium

English: beach wiregrass, button grass, coast button grass, comb fringe grass, crowfoot grass, duck grass, finger comb grass

Poaceae

grass

Datura metel

English: datura, downy thorn-apple, Hindu datura, Hindu thorn-apple, hoary thorn-apple, horn-of-plenty, jimson-weed, purple thorn-apple; Spanish: burladora; Other: pūāve (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke, Ngaputoru?)); te uri ni tiana (Kiribati)

Solanaceae

herb

Delonix regia

English:  flame tree, flamboyant, poinciana; French:  pacayer; Spanish:  flamboyan; Other: pātai (Cook Islands (Rarotonga, Mangaia, Aitutaki, Penrhyn, Manihiki, Rakahanga)); raākau taāmarumaru, taāmarumaru, (Cook Islands (Atiu)); pukakai (Cook Islands (Aitutaki)); puū piī (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke)); marumaru (Cook Islands (Miti‘aro)); fayarbaw, nfayarbaw (CNMI–Carolinian); sekoula (Fiji); pakai, puke (Tahiti, French Polynesia); arbol del fuego, atbot, atbot det fuegu, atbut (Guam and CNMI–Chamorro); ‘ohai ‘ula (Hawai‘i); te tua (Kiribati); pine (Niue); nangiosákura, nangiosikura, nangyo (Palau); pilampwoia weitahta (Pohnpei); tamaligi (Samoa); ‘ohai (Tonga); fua tausaga (Tuvalu); sakuranirow (Yap)

Fabaceae

tree

Desmodium heterocarpon

Other: okula beluu (Palau)

Fabaceae

herb

Desmodium incanum

English: kaimi clover, Spanish clover; Other: ngātoro (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke)); ka‘imi (Hawai‘i)

Fabaceae

shrub

English: creeping tick trefoil, three-flower beggarweed, tropical trefoil; Spanish: hierba cuartillo; Other: olmud (Palau); konikoni, vakathengu (Fiji); kihikihi (Tonga)

Fabaceae

herb

English: silverleaf desmodium, Spanish clover, Spanish tick-clover; Spanish: desmodio plateado, pega pega

Fabaceae

herb

English: Angleton grass, bluestem, Diaz bluestem, Hindi grass, Kleberg bluestem, marvel grass, sheda grass, vunda blue grass (Fiji)

Poaceae

grass

Dioscorea bulbifera

English: aerial yam, air-potato, bitter yam, cheeky yam, potato yam; French: igname bulbifère, pousse en l'air; Spanish: ñame de gunda, papa voladora; Other: kaile, kaile ndranu, kaile nganga, kaile manu, sarau (Fiji); magnaheugo (Chamorro-Guam); hoi (Hawai‘i, Niue, Tonga); pi‘oi (Hawai‘i (Kaua‘i)), belloi (Palau); soi (Samoa, Wallis and Futuna); kwai kwasi (Solomon Islands)

Dioscoreaceae

vine

Eclipta prostrata

English: eclipta, false daisy, swamp daisy, white eclipta; French: éclipte blanche; Spanish: hierba de tajo, yerba de tajo; Other: miri mapua (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke)); tamudu, tamudi, tamandu, tumandu, tumundi, tholulu, colulu (Fiji); deberebelela tengadidik (Palau)

Asteraceae

herb

Elaeis guineensis

English: African oil palm; French: palmier à huile d'Afrique; Other: nū tāmara (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); apwiraiasi (Pohnpei)

Arecaceae

tree

Eleutheranthera ruderalis

Other: pakaka (Tonga)

Asteraceae

herb

Emilia sonchifolia

English: Cupid's shaving-brush, emilia, Flora's paint brush, purple sow thistle, sow thistle; French: émilie; Other: pupu lele (Niue); pualele (Niue, Samoa); fua lele, fua lele lili‘i (Samoa); longlongo‘uha (Tonga))

Asteraceae

herb

Eragrostis amabilis

English: Bug's egg grass, Japanese love grass, love grass (Fiji, Guam), female grass (Kiribati); Other: te uteute naine (Kiribati), ouemoket (Palau)

Poaceae

grass

Euphorbia cyathophora

English: dwarf poinsettia, fire-on-the-mountain, Mexican fire plant, painted spurge, wild poinsettia; Other: te kabekan (Kiribati); deriba (Nauru)

Euphorbiaceae

herb

Euphorbia heterophylla

English: Mexican fireplant, milkweed, painted euphorbia, painted spurge, paintedleaf, wild spurge; French: caca poule; Spanish: hierba de leche; Other: kaliko (Hawai‘i); te tarai (Kiribati)

Euphorbiaceae

herb

Other: salato, salato ni koro, salato vutivali (Fiji); hongohongo (Niue, Tonga); ongo ongo (Niue, Samoa); ogoogo (Samoa); akoako fuluma (Solomon Islands); nanggalat (Vanuatu); mangeo (Wallis and Futuna)

Urticaceae

herb

English: fennel; French: fenouil; Spanish: hinojo; Other: taretare tui-‘ei (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); pan mauri, sonf? (Fiji); anis hinoho (Guam—Chamorro); taletale (Niue)

Apiaceae

herb

Gloriosa superba

English: climbing-lily, creeping-lily, flame-lily, glory-lily, gloriosa lily; Other: riri vavai-moa (Cook Islands ('Atiu))

Liliaceae

herb

Glycine tabacina

Fabaceae

herb

Gomphrena globosa

English: bachelor's-button, bozu, globe amaranth, pearly everlasting; French: amarantine; Spanish: amarantina, amor seco, eterna; Other: pōkai kura (Cook Islands); poe ura (French Polynesia); buton agaga (Guam-Chamorro); lehua mau loa, lehua, lehua pepa, leihua (Hawai‘i); malila (Niue, Samoa); botang (Palau)

Amaranthaceae

herb

Gossypium barbadense

English: cotton, sea island cotton; French: coton; Spanish: algodón; Other: vavaī (Cook Islands); vauvau, vauvau ni vavalangi (Fiji); algodon, atgodon (Guam-Chamorro); kī‘ailana, pulupulu, pulupulu haole, (Hawai‘i); vavae (Niue)

Malvaceae

shrub

Impatiens balsamina

English: impatiens, balsam, garden balsam, rose balsam, spotted snapweed, touch-me-not; French: balsamine des jardins, impatience; Other: kamantigi (Guam); hosengka (Palau); polosomo (Tonga)

Balsaminaceae

succulent

Indigofera hirsuta

English: hairy indigo, rough hairy indigo

Fabaceae

shrub

Indigofera spicata

English: creeping indigo

Fabaceae

herb

Ipomoea cairica

English: Cairo morning glory, coastal morning glory, ivy-leaved morning glory, railroad-creeper; Other: koali ‘ai, koali, koali ‘ai‘ai (Ni‘ihau), koali lau manamana, kowali, pa‘ali (Hawai‘i), sefifi sea (Niue)

Convolvulaceae

vine

Ipomoea quamoclit

English: Cupid's flower, cypress vine, cypressvine morning-glory, star of Bethlehem, star-glory, sweet-willy; French: cheveux de Venus, liane rouge; Spanish: regadero; Other: cabello del angel (Guam--Chamorro); asangao (Palau)

Convolvulaceae

vine

Ischaemum indicum

English: batiki blue grass (Fiji), mbatiki blue grass (Fiji), mbalanga grass (Fiji)

Poaceae

grass

Jasminum sambac

English: Arabian jasmine; French: jasmin d'Arabie; Spanish: jazmín de Arabia; Other: pītate papa‘ā (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); sampagita (Guam—Chamorro)

Oleaceae

vine

Leontodon taraxacoides

English: rough hawkbit

Asteraceae

herb

Lepidium virginicum

English: peppergrass, Virginia peppercress, Virginia pepperweed, wild peppercress; Spanish: cresón (Peru), mancuerno (Peru), escobilla (Venezuela); Other: naunau (Cook Islands (Aitutaki))

Brassicaceae

herb

English: dishrag gourd, loofah, rag gourd, smooth loofah, sponge gourd, vegetable sponge; French: courge torchon, pétole; Spanish: estropajo, paste; Other: pō‘ue (Cook Islands); mafai (Tonga)

Cucurbitaceae

vine

English: tomato, wild tomato; French: tomate sauvage (New Caledonia); Spanish: tomate, tomatera; Other: tōmāti (Cook Islands, French Polynesia (Tahiti)); tomate (Guam—Chamorro)

Solanaceae

herb

Malvastrum coromandelianum

English: false mallow, prickly malvastrum; Other: purūmu (Cook Islands); te‘ehosi, te‘ehoosi (Tonga)

Malvaceae

herb

Momordica charantia

English: balsam-apple, bitter-melon, bitter gourd, balsam pear, squirting cucumber, cerasee, peria; French: momordique, margose (Réunion, Mauritius Islands), margose amère, momordique amère, concombre amer, concombre africain; Spanish: achoccha silvestre; Other: pōkutekute rengarenga (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); kerala (Fiji); almagosa, atmagosu (Guam); atmagoso (Guam, CNMI); markoso, markosong (Palau); meleni 'ae kuma, vaine 'initia (Tonga)

Cucurbitaceae

vine

Moringa oleifera

English: horseradish tree, drumstick tree, ben nut, morango; French: ben ailée, moringa ailée, pois quénique; Other: malungkai, marronggai, marungai, marunggai, malungay, katdes (Guam); sajina (Fiji); malungkai (Palau)

Moringaceae

tree

Nicandra physalodes

English: apple of Peru, shooflyplant; French: nicandra; Spanish: capulí cimarró

Solanaceae

herb

Oplismenus hirtellus

English: basket grass, woods grass; Other: honohono kukui, honohono, honohono maoli (Hawai‘i)

Poaceae

grass

Orthosiphon aristatus

English: cat’s whiskers; Other: kumi ni pusi (Fiji), chemadecharebub, emadecharebub (Palau), ‘ava pusi (Samoa), kava ‘i pusi (Tonga)

Lamiaceae

herb

Paspalum dilatatum

English: paspalum, dallis grass, water grass; French: paspalum dilaté, herbe sirop, herbe de miel, herbe de dallis, millet bâtard; Other: hiku nua (Niue)

Poaceae

grass

Paspalum fimbriatum

English: fimbriate paspalum, winged paspalum, Panama paspalum, Panama crowngrass, Columbia grass

Poaceae

grass

Paspalum scrobiculatum

English: rice grass; creeping paspalum, ditch millet, Indian paspalum, kodo millet, water couch; Spanish: mijo koda; Other: māatāa (Cook Islands); co duru levu, tho nduru levu, tho ndina, tho ni ndina (Fiji); mau‘u laiki (Hawai‘i); desum (Palau); karasi (Solomon Islands)

Poaceae

grass

Persea americana

English: avocado, alligator pear; French: l’avocat; Spanish: aguacate; Other: ‘āpuka, ‘āpoka (Cook Islands); pea (Fiji); avoka (Niue, Samoa, Tahiti, Tonga); ‘āvōta (Cook Islands (Ngaputoru)); bata (Palau); alageta (Chamorro, Guam)

Lauraceae

tree

Other: moemoe (Cook Islands); moemoe uouo (French Polynesia); maigo-lalo (Guam-Chamorro); te kaimatu (Kiribati); ukalla ruchel (Palau)

Euphorbiaceae

herb

English: seed-under-leaf (Samoa); Other: moemoe 'enua? (Cook Islands); tei ni niu (Fiji); 'avasa (Samoa)

Euphorbiaceae

herb

Physalis angulata

English: annual ground cherry, bladder cherry (Solomon Islands), wild cape gooseberry (Fiji); Other: tūpera tāmaru-ariki (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); kospeli, mbotembote yandra, mburasu, mborosousou, mborosousou ni vavalangi, mokoai, thevuthevu (Fiji); tamanufairi, tamaru ha‘ari (French Polynesia); tomate chaca (Guam-Chamorro); te baraki (Kiribati); watomo (Nauru); manini (Niue); bubeubedul (Palau); vivao (Samoa); polopa (Tonga)

Solanaceae

herb

Physalis peruviana

English: Cape gooseberry, goldenberry, gooseberry-tomato, Peruvian ground-cherry, Peruvian-cherry; French: capuli, coqueret du Peru, groseiller du cap; Spanish: alquequenje, capulí, uvilla (Ecuador); Other: tūpera (Cook Islands); botebote yadra, mbotembote yandra, kospeli, maulaqua, maulanggua, tukiyadra, tukiyandra (Fiji); tupere (French Polynesia), pohā, pa‘ina (Hawai‘i); manini (Niue); ku‘usi (Tonga)

Solanaceae

shrub

Pilea microphylla

English: artillery plant, gunpowder plant, pistol plant, rockweed, Samoan fern (Samoa); Other: kiona topa (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke)), pikimaka (Niue), tamole (Samoa)

Urticaceae

herb

English: buckhorn, buckhorn plantain, English plantain, narrow-leaved plantain, plantain (Vanuatu), ribgrass, ribwort plantain; French: petit plantain; Spanish: llantén menor; Other: filo, filohako (Tonga)

Plantaginaceae

herb

English: broadleaf plantain, common plantain, greater plantain; French: grand plantain, plantain majeur; Spanish: llantén, llantén común, llantén major; Other: laukahi, kūhēkili (Hawai‘i); filo, filomatolu (Tonga)

Plantaginaceae

herb

English: island snake-root; Other: ai roi ni turaga, teketekeniulumatua, tekiteki ni ulumatua, senikuila, mindi, tamoli (Fiji); keskus ra mekesong (Palau); namupululola, pulunamulole (Samoa)

Polygalaceae

herb

Portulaca oleracea

English: pigweed, purslane; French: pourpier; Spanish: verdolaga; Other: pōkea papa‘ā (Cook Islands, French Polynesia (Tuamotus)); katuri (Cook Islands (Penrhyn)); ongoongo (Cook Islands (Pukapuka)); taukuku ni vuaka, taukuka ni vuaka, amlonia (Fiji); aturi (French Polynesia (Tahiti); botdolagas, bodulagas, donkulu (Guam-Chamorro); ‘ākulikuli kula, ‘ākulikuli lau li‘i, ‘ihi (Hawai‘i); te boi (Kirbati); kamole (Niue); pokea (Niue, French Polynesia (Marquesas, Tuamotu)); tamole (Samoa, Tonga)

Portulacaceae

herb

Pseudelephantopus spicatus

English: false elephant foot, tobacco weed (Vanuatu), Yasawa tobacco weed (Fiji); French: faux tabac des Samoa; Spanish: hierba de caballo (Columbia); Other: vao elefane, vao maligi, vao malini (Samoa)

Asteraceae

herb

Pseuderanthemum carruthersii

Other: tiare ‘āpa-mata‘iti (Cook Islands)

Acanthaceae

shrub

Pueraria montana var. lobata

English: kudzu, Japanese arrowroot; Other: aka (American Samoa, Tonga, Niue, Wallis and Futuna); a‘a (American Samoa and Samoa); yaka , wa yaka, nggariaka (Fiji); akataha, fue‘aepuaka (Tonga); deday (Yap); acha, nepalem

Fabaceae

vine

Pueraria phaseoloides

English: tropical kudzu, puero; Other: kūkū (Cook Islands (‘Aitu))

Fabaceae

vine

English: rhynchosia; Other: pine likku, pine Liku (Niue)

Fabaceae

herb

English: coralplant, fountainplant; French: plante corail; Other: menemene (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke))

Scrophulariaceae

shrub

English: red salvia, red sage, scarlet sage, Texas sage, tropical sage, wild salvia (Fiji); Other: titānia (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke)); līlīlehua (Hawai‘i); momili (Niue); te'ekosi (Tonga)

Lamiaceae

herb

Salvia occidentalis

English: blue sage, West Indian sage; Other: mauku 'aunga-kino (Cook Islands (Ma'uke)); pupu elo, sealu (Niue); te'ekosi totolo (Tonga)

Lamiaceae

herb

Senna occidentalis

English: antbush, coffee senna; French: bentamaré, café bâtard, casse-puante, dartrier; Spanish: bricho, brusca, frijolillo, guanina; Other: kau mothe, pini (Fiji); amot-tumaga karabao, mumutun-sable (Guam-Chamorro); ‘auko‘i, ‘au‘auko‘i, mikipalaoa, pī hohono (Hawai‘i); te atia (Kiribati); tan brava (Nauru); korriu (Palau); te‘epulu (Tonga)

Fabaceae

shrub

Sida acuta

English: broom weed, Paddy’s lucerne, southern sida, spiny-head sida, spiny sida; French: herbe à balais, herbe à paniers; Spanish: escoba blanca, escobilla; Other: purūmu (Cook Islands); deni vuaka, ndeni vuaka, ndeniosa (Fiji); escobilla papago, escobilla adumelon (Guam-Chamorro); mautofu (Niue, Samoa); keak (Palau); motofu, te‘ehoosi (Tonga)

Malvaceae

herb

Sida rhombifolia

English: arrow-leaf sida, Cuban jute, Paddy's lucerne, Queensland-hemp, teaweed; French: faux thé, herbe à balais; Spanish: escoba; Other: purūmu (Cook Islands, French Polynesia (Tahiti)), thavuthindra, nggavi ni lawa, nggavi ni lathoi, ndenime, ndeniosa, ndeni vuaka, ndeni puaka, mbariara (Fiji); escobilla dalili, escobilla apaka, escobilla adumelon (Guam-Chamorro); motofu (Niue); keak (Palau); mautofu (Samoa, Niue?); mamafu‘ai (Solomon Islands); te‘ehosi, te‘ehoosi (Tonga)

Malvaceae

shrub

English: black-berry night shade (Australia), black nightshade, poisonberry; French: morelle noire; Spanish: hierba mora; Other: boro ni veiwere, malahome, boro ni yaloki ni gata (Fiji); polokai (Niue, Tonga); magalo, polo (Samoa)

Solanaceae

herb

Solenostemon scutellarioides

English: coleus; Other: terevete (Cook Islands); lata, lau lata (Fiji); weleweka (Hawai‘i); selevese (Niue); koramahd, koaramahd (Pohnpei); pate, patiale, la‘au fai sei (Samoa)

Lamiaceae

herb

Sonchus oleraceus

English: annual sow thistle, common sow thistle, hare's-lettuce, milk thistle, sow thistle; Spanish: cerraja; Other: pū‘ā (Cook Islands); pualele (Hawai‘i), pupe lele, puha, puna (Niue); longolongo'uha (Tonga)

Asteraceae

herb

Sorghum arundinaceum

English: common wild sorghum, kavirondo sorghum (Fiji)

Poaceae

grass

Spermacoce assurgens

English: buttonweed; Other: okulabeluu (Palau)

Rubiaceae

herb

Stachytarpheta jamaicensis

English: bastard vervain, blue porterweed, Brazilian tea, Jamaica vervain, joee, light blue snakeweed; Other: ōwī, oī (Hawaii), te uti (Kiribati), louch beluu (Palau)

Verbenaceae

herb

Synedrella nodiflora

English: Cinderella weed (Australia), porter bush, pig grass (Solomon Islands, Vanuatu), synedrella; Spanish: cerbatana; Other: ngaroiarui (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); saigon (Guam—Chamorro); lau‘oti‘oti, tae‘oti (Samoa); pakaka, pakopako (Tonga)

Asteraceae

herb

Taraxacum officinale

English: common dandelion, dandelion, lion's-tooth; French: dent de lion, pissenlit vulgaire; Spanish: achicoria amarga, amargón, diente de león; Other: laulele, lauhele (Hawai‘i)

Asteraceae

herb

Tillandsia usneoides

English: Spanish moss, old man's beard, grandfather’s whiskers, air plant; French: cheveaux du roi, barbe grise, fille de l'air

Bromeliaceae

bromeliad

Other: lakanikasa, lakanirase, setamoli (Fiji); uluhenga? (Niue); iku‘ipusi (Tonga)

Fabaceae

herb

Poaceae

grass

Verbena bonariensis

English: purpletop, South American vervain, tall verbena; Other: sekara, vunikuta (Fiji), momili vao (Niue)

Verbenaceae

herb

Vernonia cinerea

English: ironweed, little ironweed, vernonia; Other: vutikaumondro, tho vuka (Fiji); chaguan Santa Maria (Guam--Chamorro); etngeong (Palau); fisi puna (Tonga)

Asteraceae

herb

Waltheria indica

Other: ‘uhaloa, ‘ala‘ala pū loa, hal ‘uhaloa, hi‘aloa, kanakaloa (Hawai‘i)

Sterculiaceae

shrub

Youngia japonica

English: oriental hawksbeard; Other: mosita ni Viti (Fiji)

Asteraceae

herb