Crotalaria pallida Aiton, Fabaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Other Latin names:  Crotalaria mucronata Desv.; Crotalaria striata DC.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: zhu shi dou

Chuukese: afalafal

English: rattlepod, salts rattlebox, smooth crotalaria, smooth rattlebox, smooth rattlepod, streaked rattlepod, striped crotalaria

Fijian: kaumothe, nggiringgiri, pini, toela

French: crotalaire mucronée

Hawaiian: kolomona, pikakani

Maori (Cook Islands): maniva, maniva

Niuean: pinē kotalelia

Palauan: kuroteraria

Pohnpeian: kandalahria, klodalahria wah tikitik, krodalaria

Samoan: fua pepe, fua pepe

Tongan: pi‘isi

Tuamotuan: pipi

Habit:  shrub

Description:  "Perennial herbs or subshrubs; stems ascending or erect, 10-20 dm long, striate, glabrous or appressed short-pubescent.  Leaves trifoliolate, leaflets elliptic, ovate, or oblanceolate, 2.8-9.5 cm long, 1.2-4.5 cm wide, veins 6-12 on each side of midvein, upper surface glabrous or sparsely pubescent, lower surface appressed short-pubescent, apex rounded to acute, occasionally retuse, base cuneate or rounded, petioles 22-67 mm long, stipules absent or minute and narrowly triangular, ca. 1 mm long.  Flowers 9-15 mm long, 22-75 in terminal, somewhat lax inflorescences, rachis 15-40 cm long (incl. peduncle), bracts linear-triangular, 3-4 mm long, ascending, caducous, bracteoles at base of calyx, narrowly triangular; calyx densely appressed short-pubescent, the tube 3-4 mm long, the lobes 3.5-4.5 mm long, lateral lobes distinct at apex; petals yellow with lines near base, standard 9-12 mm long, 7-9 mm wide, striate, wings oblong-obovate, 6-10 mm long, 2.8-3.8 mm wide, keel petals striate, with nontwisted prolonged beak, margins ciliate; elongated anthers 2.5-3.2 mm long, short ones 0.5-0.8 mm long.  Pods brown at maturity, 3.5-3.8 cm long, stipitate, stipe less than 3 mm long, glabrous or sparsely appressed short-pubescent.  Seeds ca. 36 per pod, brown, up to 2.8 mm long, smooth."  (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 661-661).

var. obovata:  Distinguishable by distinctly obovate leaflet blades being retuse to rounded at apex and usually 3-7 x 1.5-4 cm (Smith, 1985; pp. 270-271).

var. pallida:  Eliptic, larger leaflet blades (6-13 cm long) that are acute to rounded at apex (Smith, 1985; pp. 270-271).

"Herbacée pérenne à base ligneuse, atteignant 1 à 2 m de hauteur, reconnaissable à ses feuilles trifoliées, ses inflorescences dressées portant entre 40 et 70 petites fleurs de couleur jaune vif striées de rouge et ses petites gousses cylindriques pendantes, brunes à mâturité, contenant environ 36 graines chacune" (Meyer, 2008; p. 23).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "naturalized in disturbed sites such as pastures, waste ground and roadsides, 5-1,070 m" (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 661-661).  In Fiji, "abundantly naturalized from near sea level to about 800 m in open places, clearings, thickets, waste places, and cultivated areas, on sand dunes and open hillsides, and along river banks and roadsides" (Smith, 1985; pp. 270-271).  In Niue, "common in waste places, along the roadsides, and in plantations" (Sykes, 1970; p. 149).  "Common on roadsides, waste places, and croplands" (Whistler, 1988; p. 22).  In French Polynesia, "the plants grow on strands, motus, and upward into the mountains" (Welsh, 1998; p. 146). "In Guam it is found in cultivated ground and other disturbed areas" (Stone, 1970; pp. 328-329).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  "Pantropical, in part adventive and hence the original distribution obscure, but the species appears to be indigenous in parts of tropical Africa" (Smith, 1985; pp. 270-271).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Tutuila Island		Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 90)
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Tutuila Island		Anon. (1988) (p. 1)
Chile (offshore islands) Rapa Nui (Easter) Island	Rapa Nui (Easter) Island (Isla de Pasqua)	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Rapa Nui (Easter) Island	Rapa Nui (Easter) Island (Isla de Pasqua)	introduced invasive	Meyer, Jean-Yves (2008) (pp. 23, 28) "Nous l’avons observé présente dans toute l’île, notamment dans les zones pâturées et cultivées où elle forme des tâches monospécifiques, et se développe sur les sites archéologiques (Vinapu, Rano Raraku) et les falaises maritimes" (Meyer, 2008; p. 23).
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Agrigan (Agrihan) Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Agrigan (Agrihan) Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 27) Vouchers cited: Falanruw 2151 (US), Fosberg 31589 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Aguijan (Agiguan, Aguihan) Island	introduced	Raulerson, L. (2006) (p. 36)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Alamagan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Alamagan Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 27) Vouchers cited: Falanruw 1897 (US), Fosberg 31730 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Alamagan Island	introduced	Ohba, T. (1994) (p. 58) Vouchers cited: CBM-BS-58962, CBM-BS-59216
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 27) Vouchers cited: Anderson 518 (US, BISH, Fo, NY), Fosberg 31356 (US), Moore 406 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Rota Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Saipan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Sarigan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Sarigan Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 27) Voucher cited: Falanruw 1759 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Sarigan Island	introduced	Ohba, T. (1994) (p. 58) Voucher cited: CBM-BS-58896
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Sarigan Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1966) (voucher ID: PTBG 22721) Taxon name on voucher: Crotalaria pallida
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Tinian Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	‘Atiu Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Mangaia Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Ma‘uke Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Miti‘aro Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Fefan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Tol Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Ulalu (Romonum) Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Weno (Moen) Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island	Kosrae Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island	Kosrae Island	introduced invasive	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy (2010) (p. 16) Naturalized
Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island	Kosrae Island	introduced invasive	Josekutty, P. C./Wakuk, E. E./Joseph, M. J. (2002) (p. 62)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island	introduced invasive	Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. (2010) (p. 90) Vouchers cited: M.J. Balick 3930 (NY, PTBG), A. Dores 216 (NY, PTBG), F.R. Fosberg 26367 (BISH), F.R. Fosberg 58354 (BISH), S.F. Glassman 2405 (BISH), N.L.H. Krauss 1878 (BISH), R. Raynor 129 (NY, PTBG), M. Takamatsu 967 (BISH), C.Y.C. Wong 46 (BISH) Naturalized
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1998) (voucher ID: PTBG 32998) Taxon name on voucher: Crotalaria pallida Aiton
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 43575) Taxon name on voucher: Crotalaria pallida
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Yap (Waqab) Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Kandavu Island	introduced invasive	Smith, Albert C. (1985) (pp. 270-271) Voucher cited: Smith 12
Fiji Fiji Islands	Lakemba Island	introduced invasive	Smith, Albert C. (1985) (pp. 270-271) Voucher cited: Garnock-Jones 915
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Levu Island	introduced invasive	Smith, Albert C. (1985) (pp. 270-271) Vouchers cited: DA 12944, Smith 6616
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island	introduced invasive	Smith, Albert C. (1985) (pp. 270-271) Vouchers cited: Degener & Ordonez 15543, Greenwood 89, DA 9742, Smith 4430, DA 9486, Parks 20793, Webster & Hildreth 14316, DA 10176, Smith 8771, DA 10744, Greenwood 89A, DA 10792, DA 9952, DA 2921, DA 7487
Fiji Fiji Islands	Wakaya Island	introduced invasive	Smith, Albert C. (1985) (pp. 270-271) Voucher cited: Tothill 101
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Hiva Oa Island	introduced invasive	Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2008)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Hiva Oa Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: J. Florence 6662 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Huahine Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) var. obovata (G. Don) R.M. Polhill. Voucher cited: J. Florence & R. Tahuaitu 11707 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Moorea Island	introduced invasive	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 146) Vouchers cited: Florence 5017, H.M. Smith 17
French Polynesia Society Islands	Moorea Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: J. Florence 2176 (PAP), J. Florence 5017 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Raiatea (Havai) Island	introduced invasive	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 146) Vouchers cited: Moore 118, BRY 24872, BRY 25390
French Polynesia Society Islands	Raiatea (Havai) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: J. Florence 3450 (PAP); var. obovata (G. Don) Polhill, J. Florence 10437 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Taha‘a Island	introduced invasive	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 146) Vouchers cited: Fosberg 63467, BRY 26541
French Polynesia Society Islands	Taha‘a Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: Florence 5260 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced invasive	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 146) Vouchers cited: BRY 26016, Florence 2745
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: J. Florence 2745 (PAP), P. Birnbaum 38 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tupai Island	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Makatea (Ma‘atea) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: J. Florence 3005 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Niau Atoll	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) var. obovata (G. Don) R.M. Polhill. Voucher cited: J. Florence 10437 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Raro‘ia Atoll	introduced invasive	Meyer, Jean-Yves/Fourdrigniez, Marie (2008) (p. 14) cf. pallida Adventice d'introduction européene.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Takapoto Atoll	introduced invasive	Sachet, M-H. (1983) (p. 23) Voucher cited: Sachet 2024 (US)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Tikehau (Tikahau) Atoll	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: J. Florence 7080 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Rimatara (Rimitara) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) var. obovata (G. Don) R.M. Polhill Adventice
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Rurutu Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: J. Florence 5918 (PAP), J. Florence 5526 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Tubuai Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) var. obovata (G. Don) R.M. Polhill Adventice
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	introduced invasive	Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (pp. 328-329) Voucher cited: Stone 5142 (GUAM)
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1965) (voucher ID: PTBG 22720) Taxon name on voucher: Crotalaria pallida
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 661-662)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 661-662)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 661-662)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 661-662)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 661-662)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Ni‘ihau Island	introduced invasive	Wood, K. R. (2007) (p. 15) Voucher cited: K.R. Wood 11868 (BISH, PTBG, US)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 661-662) Voucher cited: Mann & Brigham 222 (BISH)
Japan (offshore islands) Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	introduced	Kato, Hidetoshi (2007) Var. obovata (G.Don) Polhill
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Jaluit (Jãlwõj) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll	introduced invasive	Vander Velde, Nancy (2003) (p. 96)
New Caledonia Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands)	Îles Loyauté (Loyalty Islands)	introduced invasive	Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands)	Île Lifou	introduced	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 82) Voucher cited: Guinaudeau in MacKee 30077
New Caledonia New Caledonia	New Caledonia Islands		Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 90)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced invasive	Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 82) Vouchers cited: Pancher s.n. s.loc., Balansa 304 s.loc., Le Rat 202, Sarasin 99, MacKee 4116
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île des Pins (Isle of Pines)	introduced invasive	Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île des Pins (Isle of Pines)	introduced	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 82) Voucher cited: MacKee 23481
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive	Sykes, W. R. (1970) (p. 149) Vouchers cited: CHR 150540, CHR 150543?
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive	Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 22)
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive	Whistler, W. A./Atherton, J. (1997) (p. 34)
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive	Yuncker, T. G. (1943) (p. 62) Misidentified as Crotalaria saltiana<.i> Andrews. Voucher cited: Yuncker 9675 (BISH) "Common along roadsides and in waste areas, but most abondant on the eastern side of the island".
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara M./Newfield, Melanie/Bull, Cate (2004) (p. 14)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Angaur Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Angaur Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 103)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Angaur Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 63)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Angaur Island		Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1978) (voucher ID: BNM 1247) Taxon name on voucher: Crotalaria pallida Ait.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 100)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 63) Voucher: Lorence 9852 (PTBG, BNM, NY)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island		Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1982) (voucher ID: BNM 3182) Taxon name on voucher: Crotalaria pallida? Ait.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2008) (voucher ID: PTBG 145) Taxon name on voucher: Crotalaria pallida Aiton
Palau Palau (main island group)	Koror Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 106)
Papua New Guinea Bismarck Archipelago	Bismarck Archipelago	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Papua New Guinea Bismarck Archipelago	Bismarck Archipelago	introduced invasive cultivated	Peekel, P. G. [translated by E. E. Henty] (1984) (p. 227) Becoming naturalized.
Papua New Guinea Bougainville Islands	Bougainville Island	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)		Waterhouse, D. F. (1997) (p. 60)
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Philippines Philippine Islands	Philippine Islands	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn Islands	Pitcairn Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) var. obovata (G. Don) R.M. Polhill Adventice
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Savai‘i Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.)
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Upolu Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.)
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Western Samoa Islands		Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 22)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Solomon Islands		Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 90)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Solomon Islands	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Solomon Islands	introduced invasive	Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 60)
Tonga Tongatapu Group	Tongatapu Island		Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 28) Vouchers cited: Ilolahia 89, Soakai 612, Soakai 753
Tonga Tongatapu Group	Tongatapu Island		Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 138) Vouchers cited: Yuncker 15264, Yuncker 16209
United States (other Pacific offshore islands) Midway Atoll	Midway Atoll	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 661-662)
Vanuatu New Hebrides Islands	Vanuatu (Republic of)	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Vanuatu New Hebrides Islands	Vanuatu (Republic of)	introduced invasive	Shine, C./Reaser, J. K./Gutierrez, A. T., eds. (2003) (p. 179)
Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands	Wallis (‘Uvea) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Meyer, Jean-Yves (2007) (p. 34) As Crotalaria cf. pallida

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	introduced	Smith, Nicholas M. (2002) (p. 59)
Cambodia Cambodia	Cambodia (Kingdom of)		Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (pp. 64, 77)
China China	China (People's Republic of)	native	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2011) "Grasslands, disturbed sandy areas; 100-1100 m".
China China	Hong Kong	native	Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 141)
Colombia Colombia	Colombia (Republic of)	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Ecuador (Mainland) Ecuador	Ecuador (Republic of) (continental)	uncertain if native	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
El Salvador El Salvador	El Salvador (Republic of)	native	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Indonesia Indonesia	Indonesia (Republic of)	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Indonesia Indonesia	West Papua Province (Indonesia) (western New Guinea Island) (formerly Irian Jaya)	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Japan Japan	Japan (country)	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 184)
Malaysia Malaysia	Malaysia (country of)	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Perú Perú	Perú (Republic of)	native	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)		Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (pp. 64, 77)
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)	introduced invasive	Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 29) Naturalised
Taiwan Taiwan	Taiwan Island	native	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2011) "Grasslands, disturbed sandy areas; 100-1100 m".
Thailand Thailand	Thailand (Kingdom of)	native	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Vietnam Vietnam	Vietnam (Socialist Republic of)	native	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia (Indian Ocean offshore islands) Christmas Island Group	Christmas Island	introduced invasive	Swarbrick, J. T. (1997) (p. 111)
British Indian Ocean Territory Chagos Archipelago	Chagos Archipelago	uncertain if native	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
British Indian Ocean Territory Chagos Archipelago	Diego Garcia Island	introduced invasive	Whistler, W. Arthur (1996) (p. 27)
British Indian Ocean Territory Chagos Archipelago	Diego Garcia Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1995) (voucher ID: PTBG 37931) Taxon name on voucher: Crotalaria pallida Aiton
Mauritius Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues)	Mauritius Island	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Frégate Island		Robertson, S. A./Todd, D. M. (1983) (p. 51) Vouchers cited: Procter 4160, Todd 16
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Seychelles Islands	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)

Comments:  Most examples in Fiji and elsewhere seem to be var. obovata (Smith, 1985; pp. 270-271).

Additional information:
Additional online information about Crotalaria pallida is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Crotalaria pallida as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Crotalaria pallida may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

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