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(L.) Small, Euphorbiaceae |
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Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Threat only at high elevations? no
Other Latin names: Euphorbia hyssopifolia L.
Common name(s): [more details]
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English: hyssop-leaf sandmat |
Habit: herb
Description: "Erect to ascending annual herb up to 60 cm or more in height with red or green, glabrous stems and milky sap. Leaves simple, opposite, blade oblong to linear-oblong, 0.8-3 cm long, round to obtuse at the tip, rounded to oblique at the base; surfaces glabrous or slightly pilose; margins serrate; petiole 1-2 mm long. Inflorescence of leafy axillary cymes, ultimately in several cyathia with a tiny, glabrous, 4-lobed involucre bearing 5 glands and a pink or white appendage. Corolla absent. Female flower 1, consisting of 1 stamen. Fruit a glabrous, 3-lobed, subglobose schizocarp 1.5-2 mm long, broadest below the middle, splitting into 3 one-seeded segments. Distinguishable by its glabrous herbaceous stems, milky sap, opposite leaves, short leafy cymes, tiny white-flowered cyathia (a kind of inflorescence), and tiny 3-lobed splitting fruit. Easy confused with Chamaesyce hypericifolia." (Whistler & Steele, 1999; p. 48).
Habitat/ecology: In Hawaii, "sparingly naturalized in low elevation, dry, disturbed sites" (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 610, 1874). On Kwajalein, Marshalll Islands, "uncommon as a weed of disturbed places" (Whistler & Steele, 1999; p. 48).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: "From southern United States to Argentina and the West Indies, naturalized in the Paleotropics" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 610).
Presence:
| Pacific | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Hawaii (Big) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 610)
Voucher cited: Stone 3014 (BISH) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Kauai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 610) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Lānai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1999) (p. 3)
Voucher cited: C. Imada 98-2 (BISH) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Maui Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 610) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Molokai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Oppenheimer, Hank L. (2003) (p. 11)
Voucher cited: Oppenheimer H70115 (BISH, PTBG) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Oahu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 610) |
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Japan (offshore islands)
Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands |
Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands |
introduced
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Kato, Hidetoshi (2007) |
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Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain |
Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll |
introduced
invasive |
Whistler, W. A./Steele, O. (1999) (p. 48)
Vouchers cited: Herbst 8949, Whistler 11189 |
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United States (other Pacific offshore islands)
Midway Atoll |
Midway Atoll |
introduced
invasive |
Bruegmann, Marie M. (1999) (p. 2)
Voucher cited: Bruegmann 2029 (BISH) Uncommon |
| Pacific Rim | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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Mexico
Mexico |
Mexico (United Mexican States) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)
Also Central and South America |
| Also reported from | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
United States (other states) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007) |
Additional information: Additional online information about Chamaesyce hyssopifolia is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).
Taxonomic information about Chamaesyce hyssopifolia may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).
References:
Bruegmann, Marie M. 1999. New records of flowering plants on Midway Atoll. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1998. Part 2: Notes. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 59:1-2.
Herbarium Pacificum Staff. 1999. New Hawaiian plant records for 1998. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1998. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 58:3-11.
Kato, Hidetoshi. 2007. Herbarium records of Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University. Personal communication.
Oppenheimer, Hank L. 2003. New plant records from Maui and Hawaii Counties. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2001-2002. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 73:3-30.
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2007. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawaii Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).
Whistler, W. A./Steele, O. 1999. Botanical survey of the United States of America Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA) Islands. Prepared for Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and the U. S. Army Environmental Center. 111 pp.