Global Compendium of Weeds
Oxalis pes-caprae (Oxalidaceae)
Presented here is summary information about the species Oxalis pes-caprae from the Global Compendium of Weeds, and citations of references to this species as a weed. Definitions of terms are available in the GCW introduction 
. For further information--or to report corrections or concerns--contact webmaster@hear.org.
Synonyms/other Latin names: [ see GRIN ]
Status(es) (compiled for below "Data sources"): agricultural weed, casual alien, cultivation escape, environmental weed, garden thug, naturalised, noxious weed, weed [for definitions, see the GCW introduction .]
Origin (native to where): [no info]
Data sources:
EXOTIC WEEDS AND ALIENS. An html page found on the UNDP sponsored Sustainable Development Networking Programme Website - India now being maintained by the ENVIS Secretariat, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi.
20% of the species are Asteraceae, 6% are Poaceae, -
A list of weed species from various New Zealand references to "weeds" compiled by P.A.Williams, Landcare Research, New Zealand.
ANEXO 1 - Espécies introduzidas em Portugal continental - (I) Invasoras. Legislaçao Nacional Decreto-Lei no. 565/99 de 21-12-1999 (Versao 1 Originária) Decreto-Lei565/9921-12-1999 Ministério do Ambiente Regula a introduçao na natureza de espécies nao indígenas da flora e fauna. Espécies nao indígenas da flora e da fauna 21-12-1999295 fauna, flora, animais domésticos, espécies de fauna ameaçadas, protecçao dos animais, vegetaçao Direito do Ambiente 1999-12-21 S
Alanen, A., Bongard, T., Einarsson, E., Hansen, H., Hedlund, L., Jansson, K., Josefsson, M., Philipp, M., Sandlund, O.T., Svart, A.E., Svart, H.E. and Weidema, I. (2004?). Introduced Species in the Nordic Countries (Denmark) under Nordic Council of Ministers (NMR), subgroup Natur-og Friluftslivsgruppen.
Albrecht, D. (1998) Weeds of Alice Springs. Northern Territory Herbarium, Unpublished Doc. [Dave Albrecht
Alien Species. On March 10, the Japanese Cabinet submitted the bill dealing with invasive alien species to the Diet. The Diet passed the bill without amendments and the Invasive Alien Species Act was promulgated as of June 2, 2004. List of alien species recognized to be established in Japan or found in the Japanese wild (as of October 27, 2004) [PDF]
Alien plants of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Plantas extranjeras de Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias - korrigierte Fassung vom 23.01.2002 - Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, Dipl.-Biol. Katrin Fritzsch. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsökologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig D-38023 Braunschweig. Abstract: The nowadays flora of Fuerteventura contains some 780 species. At least 119 species are aliens, some 150 further species of mediterranean and/or North African origin are probably introduced too. The estimated percentage of aliens therefore reaches 35 %.
Anon (1992). The Grower's Weed Identification Handbook by Family and by Aphabetical Listing. Publication 4030. - Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California.
Anon, (----). Species introduced in Continental Portugal [Espécies introduzidas em Portugal Continenta]. ICN - Instituto da Conservacao da Natureza.
Anon. (1972). Weed Manual. 8th Ed. [2nd revised and extended Edition] Schering AG, Berlin.
Arasi Lawrence Company TM. Weeds of Egypt.
Auld, B.A. and Medd, R.W. (1992) WEEDS, An illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne.
Barker, W.R., R.M.Barker, J.P. Jessop & H.P. Vonow (Eds.) (2005). Census of South Australian Vascular Plants. 5th Edition. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. Supplement 1. (Botanic Gardens of Adelaide & State Herbarium: Adelaide).
Blood, K. (2001) Environmental weeds: A field guide for SE Australia. C.H. Jerram & Associates.
Botha, C. (2001). Common Weeds of Crops and Gardens in Southern Africa. ARC - Grain Crops Institute, South Africa. (agricultural weed, garden thug)
Brandes, D. (Dietmar) (2001) Urban flora of Sousse, Tunisia. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsözkologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie, Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig. email: D.Brandes@tu-bs.de
Bromilow, C. (1995) Problem Plants of South Africa. Briza Publications, Arcardia, South Africa.
CALFLORA DATABASE Summaries of geographic distribution, habitat, and lifeform data for the approximately 8400 vascular plant taxa known to be native or naturalized in California, based on published literature as well as specific documented observations.
CHECKLIST OF THE GIBRALTAR FLORA compiled by Leslie Linares BSc. Gibralta Ornithological & Natural History Society Botanical Section Co-ordinator
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. and Robinson, K.E. (1992). Environmental Weed Invasions in Victoria. Department of Conservation and Environment. Melbourne
Castro, S.A., Figueroa, J.A., Munoz-Schick, M. and Jaksic, F.M. (2005) Minimum residence time,biogeographical origin, and life cycle as determinants of the geographical extent of naturalized plants in continental Chile. Diversity and Distributions 11: 183-191. Appendix S1 Checklist of 428 naturalized plants in continental Chile, their first record date (FRD), life cycle (LC), biogeographic origin (BO), and number of administrative regions occupied (ARO). Am: America; Eu: Europe; As: Asia; Af: Africa; Au: Australia; N.Z.: New Zealand; Pan: Pantropical; Cosmo: Cosmopolitan; Tro: Tropical.
Check-list of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly - 1994 C.N. French and R.J. Murphy. University of Exeter
Clement, E.J. and Foster, M.C. (1994) Alien plants of the British Isles. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London.
Colin C. Ogle (last revision May 2003). Adventive plants collected in the Wanganui Conservancy of the New Zealand Department of Conservation, 1988-present. (Unpublished working list). Author's address: 22 Forres St, Wanganui, New Zealand. Email: robcol.ogle@xtra.co.nz
Dana, E.D., Sanz, M., Vivas, S. and Sobrino, E. (2005). Especies Vegetales Invasoras en Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía.
Darrow, R.A. Erickson, L.C. Holstrum, J.T.Jnr., Miller, J.F., Scudder, W.F. and Williams, J.L. Jnr. (1966) Report of the Terminology Committee, Standardized Names of Weeds. WSSA (14), 346-386. Weed Science Society of America.
Environmental Weed List Victoria. Supplied by Weedmanager.Net (Source not cited but possibly drawn from Carr et al. Environmental Weeds of Victoria)
Exotic Pest Plants of Ecological Concern in California
Fern, K. (1992-97). Plants for a Future. A resource centre for edible and other useful plants. The Field, Penpol, Lostwithiel, Cornwall, PL22 0NG, England.
Flora of Pakistan - www.efloras.org
Fourie, J.C. (1996). Identification and chemical Control of Important Weeds in South African vineyards. Agricultural Research Council and Nietvoorbij Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Germplasm Resources Information Network G.R.I.N. GRIN
Gibson, N., Keighery, B., Keighery, G., Burbidge, A. and Lyons, M. (1994). A floristic survey of the Southern Swan Coastal Plain. Unpublished report for the Australian Heritage Commission prepared by the Department of Conservation and Land Management and the Conservation Council of Western Australia (Inc.).
Hanf, M. (1983). The Arable Weeds of Europe, with their seedlings and seeds. BASF Aktiengesellschaft, D-6700 Ludwigshafen. Germany
Henderson, M., and Anderson, JG. (1966). Common Weeds of South Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Surveys of South Africa N° 37, Department of Agriculture, Technical Services, Republic of South Africa.
Hill, M., Baker, R., Broad, G., Chandler, P.J., Copp, G.H., Ellis, J., Jones, D., Hoyland, C., Laing, I., Longshaw, M., Moore, N., Parrott, D., Pearman, D., Preston, C., Smith, R.M. and Waters, R.(2005). Audit of non-native species in England. English Nature Research Reports N° 662, English Nature.
Holm, L. G., Pancho, J. V., Herberger, J. P. and Plucknett, D. L. (1979). A Geographical Atlas of World Weeds. John Wiley and Sons NewYork, USA
HortGuard and GrainGuard Initial Threat List Compilations
Hussey, B.M.J., Keighery, G.J., Cousens, R.D., Dodd, J. and Lloyd. S.G. (1997). Western Weeds, a guide to the weeds of Western Australia. Plant Protection Society of Western Australia, Inc Western Australia. [list of images held in slide collection from original publication]
IBS INTERNET FORUM Weedy Bulbs around the World. International Bulb Society Quarterly Vol 2, N°2 Summer 2000.
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20% of the species are Asteraceae, 6% are Poaceae, -
A list of weed species from various New Zealand references to "weeds" compiled by P.A.Williams, Landcare Research, New Zealand.
ANEXO 1 - Espécies introduzidas em Portugal continental - (I) Invasoras. Legislaçao Nacional Decreto-Lei no. 565/99 de 21-12-1999 (Versao 1 Originária) Decreto-Lei565/9921-12-1999 Ministério do Ambiente Regula a introduçao na natureza de espécies nao indígenas da flora e fauna. Espécies nao indígenas da flora e da fauna 21-12-1999295 fauna, flora, animais domésticos, espécies de fauna ameaçadas, protecçao dos animais, vegetaçao Direito do Ambiente 1999-12-21 S
Alanen, A., Bongard, T., Einarsson, E., Hansen, H., Hedlund, L., Jansson, K., Josefsson, M., Philipp, M., Sandlund, O.T., Svart, A.E., Svart, H.E. and Weidema, I. (2004?). Introduced Species in the Nordic Countries (Denmark) under Nordic Council of Ministers (NMR), subgroup Natur-og Friluftslivsgruppen.
Albrecht, D. (1998) Weeds of Alice Springs. Northern Territory Herbarium, Unpublished Doc. [Dave Albrecht
Alien Species. On March 10, the Japanese Cabinet submitted the bill dealing with invasive alien species to the Diet. The Diet passed the bill without amendments and the Invasive Alien Species Act was promulgated as of June 2, 2004. List of alien species recognized to be established in Japan or found in the Japanese wild (as of October 27, 2004) [PDF]
Alien plants of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Plantas extranjeras de Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias - korrigierte Fassung vom 23.01.2002 - Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, Dipl.-Biol. Katrin Fritzsch. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsökologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig D-38023 Braunschweig. Abstract: The nowadays flora of Fuerteventura contains some 780 species. At least 119 species are aliens, some 150 further species of mediterranean and/or North African origin are probably introduced too. The estimated percentage of aliens therefore reaches 35 %.
Anon (1992). The Grower's Weed Identification Handbook by Family and by Aphabetical Listing. Publication 4030. - Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California.
Anon, (----). Species introduced in Continental Portugal [Espécies introduzidas em Portugal Continenta]. ICN - Instituto da Conservacao da Natureza.
Anon. (1972). Weed Manual. 8th Ed. [2nd revised and extended Edition] Schering AG, Berlin.
Arasi Lawrence Company TM. Weeds of Egypt.
Auld, B.A. and Medd, R.W. (1992) WEEDS, An illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne.
Barker, W.R., R.M.Barker, J.P. Jessop & H.P. Vonow (Eds.) (2005). Census of South Australian Vascular Plants. 5th Edition. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. Supplement 1. (Botanic Gardens of Adelaide & State Herbarium: Adelaide).
Blood, K. (2001) Environmental weeds: A field guide for SE Australia. C.H. Jerram & Associates.
Botha, C. (2001). Common Weeds of Crops and Gardens in Southern Africa. ARC - Grain Crops Institute, South Africa. (agricultural weed, garden thug)
Brandes, D. (Dietmar) (2001) Urban flora of Sousse, Tunisia. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsözkologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie, Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig. email: D.Brandes@tu-bs.de
Bromilow, C. (1995) Problem Plants of South Africa. Briza Publications, Arcardia, South Africa.
CALFLORA DATABASE Summaries of geographic distribution, habitat, and lifeform data for the approximately 8400 vascular plant taxa known to be native or naturalized in California, based on published literature as well as specific documented observations.
CHECKLIST OF THE GIBRALTAR FLORA compiled by Leslie Linares BSc. Gibralta Ornithological & Natural History Society Botanical Section Co-ordinator
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. and Robinson, K.E. (1992). Environmental Weed Invasions in Victoria. Department of Conservation and Environment. Melbourne
Castro, S.A., Figueroa, J.A., Munoz-Schick, M. and Jaksic, F.M. (2005) Minimum residence time,biogeographical origin, and life cycle as determinants of the geographical extent of naturalized plants in continental Chile. Diversity and Distributions 11: 183-191. Appendix S1 Checklist of 428 naturalized plants in continental Chile, their first record date (FRD), life cycle (LC), biogeographic origin (BO), and number of administrative regions occupied (ARO). Am: America; Eu: Europe; As: Asia; Af: Africa; Au: Australia; N.Z.: New Zealand; Pan: Pantropical; Cosmo: Cosmopolitan; Tro: Tropical.
Check-list of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly - 1994 C.N. French and R.J. Murphy. University of Exeter
Clement, E.J. and Foster, M.C. (1994) Alien plants of the British Isles. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London.
Colin C. Ogle (last revision May 2003). Adventive plants collected in the Wanganui Conservancy of the New Zealand Department of Conservation, 1988-present. (Unpublished working list). Author's address: 22 Forres St, Wanganui, New Zealand. Email: robcol.ogle@xtra.co.nz
Dana, E.D., Sanz, M., Vivas, S. and Sobrino, E. (2005). Especies Vegetales Invasoras en Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía.
Darrow, R.A. Erickson, L.C. Holstrum, J.T.Jnr., Miller, J.F., Scudder, W.F. and Williams, J.L. Jnr. (1966) Report of the Terminology Committee, Standardized Names of Weeds. WSSA (14), 346-386. Weed Science Society of America.
Environmental Weed List Victoria. Supplied by Weedmanager.Net (Source not cited but possibly drawn from Carr et al. Environmental Weeds of Victoria)
Exotic Pest Plants of Ecological Concern in California
Fern, K. (1992-97). Plants for a Future. A resource centre for edible and other useful plants. The Field, Penpol, Lostwithiel, Cornwall, PL22 0NG, England.
Flora of Pakistan - www.efloras.org
Fourie, J.C. (1996). Identification and chemical Control of Important Weeds in South African vineyards. Agricultural Research Council and Nietvoorbij Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Germplasm Resources Information Network G.R.I.N. GRIN
Gibson, N., Keighery, B., Keighery, G., Burbidge, A. and Lyons, M. (1994). A floristic survey of the Southern Swan Coastal Plain. Unpublished report for the Australian Heritage Commission prepared by the Department of Conservation and Land Management and the Conservation Council of Western Australia (Inc.).
Hanf, M. (1983). The Arable Weeds of Europe, with their seedlings and seeds. BASF Aktiengesellschaft, D-6700 Ludwigshafen. Germany
Henderson, M., and Anderson, JG. (1966). Common Weeds of South Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Surveys of South Africa N° 37, Department of Agriculture, Technical Services, Republic of South Africa.
Hill, M., Baker, R., Broad, G., Chandler, P.J., Copp, G.H., Ellis, J., Jones, D., Hoyland, C., Laing, I., Longshaw, M., Moore, N., Parrott, D., Pearman, D., Preston, C., Smith, R.M. and Waters, R.(2005). Audit of non-native species in England. English Nature Research Reports N° 662, English Nature.
Holm, L. G., Pancho, J. V., Herberger, J. P. and Plucknett, D. L. (1979). A Geographical Atlas of World Weeds. John Wiley and Sons NewYork, USA
HortGuard and GrainGuard Initial Threat List Compilations
Williams, G.H. (1982). Elseviers's Dictionary of Weeds of Western Europe. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company Amsterdam, Holland.
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This page was created on 13 September 2007 by PT, and was last updated on
04 October 2007
by PT based on data from Rod Randall's Global Compendium of Weeds database dated 24 January 2007.
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