(L.) Roxb., Fabaceae |
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Other Latin names: Cassia sophera L.
Common name(s): [more details]
Chamorro: amot tumagá karabao, amot-tumaga |
Chinese: huai ye jue ming |
Samoan: laau tinei lafa, lau matui |
Tongan: lau matui, matui |
Ulithian: haeleng |
Habit: shrub
Description: "Shrubs, 1-2 (-3) m tall, glabrous. Leaves 7-18 (-21) cm; petiole 3-5 cm, with a subulate or narrow clavate gland 5-10 mm above petiole joint; petiolules ca. 2 mm; leaflets 4-10 pairs, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 1.7-4.2 x 0.7-2 cm, base rounded, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Corymbs axillary, few flowered; peduncles 1-2 cm; bracts ovate, ca. 5 mm; pedicels 1-1.5 cm. Sepals ovate-orbicular, ca. 5 mm. Petals yellow, obovate, shortly clawed. Stamens 10, 6 or 7 fertile, 2 longer; anthers opening by apical pores; staminodes 3 or 4, ca. 2 mm. Ovary finely pubescent. Legume straight, 5-10 x 0.5-1 cm, flattened and slightly thick at first, subcylindric, ± swollen when ripe. Seeds 30-40, ovoid, compressed" (Flora of China online).
"Erect herb 0.5-2 m high, soon becoming woody, only weakly malodorous... The larger leaves are 7-18 cm long, usually with 6-8 pairs of leaflets, the largest (distal) blades lanceolate or ovate-acuminate and up to 7 x 2 cm. The 4-10-flowered racemes have flowers with petals like those of Senna occidentalis but slightly smaller. The pods are erect or stiffly ascending, cylindric or linear-ellipsoid, and usually 6-9.5 x 0.7-1 cm" (Smith, 1985; p. 113).
Habitat/ecology: In Fiji, "presumably indigenous and occurring near sea level, although weedy in aspect, apparently rare" (Smith, 1985; p. 113). "Uncommon in waste places in Tonga, not collected in Samoa since 1920" (Whistler, 1988; p. 27). In Tonga, "occasional as a plantation and waste-area weed" (Yuncker, 1959; p. 136). In New Caledonia, "largement répandu surtout près du littoral" (MacKee, 1994; p. 74).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: Pantropical, but perhaps originally paleotropical (Smith, 1985; p. 113). An aboriginal introduction to Polynesia (Whistler, 1988; p. 27).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island | Setchell, William Albert (1924) (p. 91) | |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Aguijan (Agiguan, Aguihan) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Alamagan Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Alamagan Island |
introduced
invasive |
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 26)
Vouchers cited: Falanruw 1933 (US), Fosberg 31716 (US) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Anatahan Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Anatahan Island |
introduced
invasive |
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 26)
Voucher cited: Falanruw 1675 (US) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Rota Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Tinian Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Tinian Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1946) (voucher ID: PTBG 22655)
Taxon name on voucher: Senna sophora |
|
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Saipan |
Saipan Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Fais Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99)
May be a missidentification (Fosberg & Evans, 1969; p. 7). |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Ulithi Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Yap (Waqab) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
probably native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 113)
Probably indigenous per Smith. Voucher cited: Horne 1029 |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
introduced
invasive |
Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (p. 311)
Voucher cited: Stone 4868 (GUAM) |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands |
Marshall Islands |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 99) |
New Caledonia
Récifs D'Entrecasteaux (D'Entrecasteaux Reefs) |
Île Surprise |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 74)
Voucher cited: Boulet in MacKee 31450 |
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands) |
Îles Loyauté (Loyalty Islands) |
introduced
invasive |
Tassin, Jacques (2005) |
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands) |
Île Lifou |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 74)
Voucher cited: Schmid 1282 (NOU) |
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands) |
Île Maré |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 74)
Voucher cited: Däniker 2003 (Z) |
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands) |
Îles Ouvéa (Ouvea Atoll) |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 74)
Voucher cited: Sarasin 861 (Z) |
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands) |
Île Walpole |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 74)
Voucher cited: Cherrier in MacKee 44035 |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive |
Tassin, Jacques (2005) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 74)
Vouchers cited: Vieillard 393, MacGillivray 19, Däniker 1626 (Z) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île des Pins (Isle of Pines) |
introduced
invasive |
Tassin, Jacques (2005) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île des Pins (Isle of Pines) |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 74)
Voucher cited: Pancher 814 |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands |
introduced
invasive |
Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 264)
An occasional weed in the settled areas at low and mediuim altitudes. |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Western Samoa Islands |
probably native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 113) |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Western Samoa Islands |
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 27)
Probably indigenous per Smith. |
|
Tonga
Tonga Islands |
Tonga Islands |
probably native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 113)
Probably indigenous per Smith. |
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Eua Island |
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 32)
Voucher cited: Soakai 370 |
|
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Eua Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 136)
Voucher cited: Yuncker 15620 |
|
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Tongatapu Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 136)
Cited: Forster, Home. |
|
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Tafahi Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 136)
Voucher cited: Hülimann 576 |
|
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis and Futuna Islands | Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 27) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Cambodia
Cambodia |
Cambodia (Kingdom of) |
uncertain if native
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Panama (Republic of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Panama (Republic of) |
uncertain if native
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
China
China |
China (People's Republic of) |
introduced
invasive |
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
"Mountain slopes, roadsides. Central and southern China". |
China
China |
Hong Kong |
native
|
Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 136)
As Cassia sophera L. |
Indonesia
Indonesia |
Indonesia (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Indonesia
Indonesia |
West Papua Province (Indonesia) (western New Guinea Island) (formerly Irian Jaya) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Japan
Japan |
Japan |
introduced
|
Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 184) |
Japan
Ryukyu Islands |
Ryukyu Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Malaysia
Malaysia |
Malaysia (country of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Malaysia
Malaysia |
Malaysia (country of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Mexico
Mexico |
Mexico (United Mexican States) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Mexico
Mexico |
Mexico (United Mexican States) |
uncertain if native
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
New Zealand
New Zealand |
New Zealand (country) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Colombia |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Colombia |
uncertain if native
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Thailand
Thailand |
Thailand (Kingdom of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Thailand
Thailand |
Thailand (Kingdom of) |
uncertain if native
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Vietnam
Vietnam |
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Vietnam
Vietnam |
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) |
uncertain if native
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Indian Ocean | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Comoros
Comoro Islands |
Comoro Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
La Réunion (France)
La Réunion Island |
La Réunion Island |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Maldives
Maldive Islands |
Maldive Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Maldives
Maldive Islands |
Malè Atoll | Fosberg, F. R. (1957) (p. 20) | |
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) |
Mauritius Island |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Seychelles Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Seychelles Islands |
introduced
|
Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017) |
Control: If you know of control methods for Senna sophera, please let us know.