Steud., Poaceae |
|
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Risk assessment results: Reject, score: 13 (Go to the risk assessment).
Common name(s): [more details]
Chinese: si mao que bai |
English: Vasey grass |
French: herbe cheval, herbe de Vasey, paspalum d'Urville, paspalum géant |
Maori (Cook Islands): tinikarāti |
Spanish: hierba de Vasey, paja boba, paja mansa, pasto macho |
Habit: grass
Description: "Densely tufted robust perennial [grass]; culms 1-2 m tall, erect, glabrous, basally thickened; sheaths carinate upwards, lower ones pubescent, purplish; upper ones glabrous, green, 8-27 cm long; ligule very conspicuous (3-) 5-8 (-12) mm long, membranous; blades linear, acute, 12-55 cm long, 4-15 mm wide, flat, hairy at base; panicles 10-40 cm long, of 6-25 crowded racemes, these erect or ascending, 5-13 cm long, apical ones shorter than basal ones; spikelets paired, on rachises about 0.8 mm wide, elliptic ovate, broad, subacute, 2-3 mm long; glume and sterile lemma subequal, slightly apiculate, thin, ovate, 3-nerved, green to greenish-purple, pilose-ciliate; fertile lemma 1.6 mm long" (Stone, 1970; p. 217).
Description from GrassBase.
Habitat/ecology: A weed of disturbed areas. Grows up to 1000 m in elevation in New Caledonia. In Hawaii, grows in dense stands in mesic areas along forest roads, trails and open disturbed areas at low to mid-elevations, where it displaces native vegetation (Motooka et al., 2003); "naturalized along ditches and roadsides and in fields, pastures, and other disturbed, usually mesic areas, 20-1,280 m" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1577). In New Caledonia, "maintenant largement répandu, notamment en bords de pistes forestières (même en terrain serpentineux) où il atteint 1000 m d'altitude" (MacKee, 1994; p. 61).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: Tropical America but widely introduced in tropical countries.
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
introduced
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 47) |
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1990) (voucher ID: PTBG 9101)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum urvillei |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
introduced
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 37) |
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1972) (voucher ID: BISH 83841)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum urvillei Steud. |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1994) (voucher ID: PTBG 26893)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum urvillei Steud. |
|
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Saipan |
Saipan Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 55) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Mangaia Island | McCormack, Gerald (2013) | |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Rarotonga Island | Sykes, Bill (year unknown) | |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1955) (voucher ID: BISH 31623)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum urvillei Steud. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1955) (voucher ID: BISH 31624)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum urvillei Steud. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1927) (voucher ID: BISH 126260)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum urvillei Steud. |
|
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (p. 217) |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 55) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Hawaii (Big) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1577) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Kauai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1577) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Lānai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1577) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Maui Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1577) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Molokai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1577) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Oahu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1577) |
Japan (offshore islands)
Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands |
Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands |
introduced
|
Kato, Hidetoshi (2007) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia |
New Caledonia Islands |
introduced
invasive |
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 100)
"Up to 1000 m elev." |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia |
New Caledonia Islands |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Gargominy, Oliver/Bouchet, Philipe/Pascal, Michel/Jaffre, Tanguy/Tourneu, Jean-Christophe (1996) (p. 381)
Largement répandue, notamment au bord des pistes forestières (même en terrain serpentineux), atteint 1000 m d'altitude. |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 61)
Voucher cited: Barrau in Baumann 7381 |
New Zealand (offshore islands)
Kermadec Islands |
Kermadec Islands |
introduced
invasive |
Edgar, E./Connor, H. (2000) (p. 569)
"Usually roadsides, sometimes in large patches; also waste land, manuka scrub". |
New Zealand (offshore islands)
Kermadec Islands |
Raoul Island |
introduced
invasive |
Sykes, W. R./West, C. J. (1996) (p. 452) |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 107) | |
United States (other Pacific offshore islands)
Midway Atoll |
Sand Island |
introduced
invasive |
Starr, Forest/Starr, Kim/Loope, Lloyd (2008) (pp. B-11) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Australia (continental) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 107) | |
China
China |
China (People's Republic of) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 107) | |
China
China |
Hong Kong |
introduced
invasive |
Wu, Te-lin (2001) (pp. 342-343)
In wasteland. |
Indonesia
Indonesia |
Indonesia (Republic of) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 107) | |
Japan
Japan |
Japan |
introduced
|
Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 192) |
Mexico
Mexico |
Mexico (United Mexican States) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 107) | |
New Zealand
New Zealand |
New Zealand (country) |
introduced
invasive |
Edgar, E./Connor, H. (2000) (p. 569)
"Usually roadsides, sometimes in large patches; also waste land, manuka scrub". |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Chile (Republic of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Vietnam
Vietnam |
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) | Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 269) |
Indian Ocean | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) |
Mauritius Island | McIntyre, Guy (1991) (p. 109) |
Comments: A problem species in Hawaii.
Control:
Chemical: "Sensitive to glyphosate and imazapyr. On Kauai, drizzle applications of glyphosate at 0.5 lb/acre suppressed vasey grass on Nualolo Crossover Trail for 6 months. On the Alakai Swamp Trail suppression by the same method was excellent and follow-up treatments required very little glyphosate at 6 and 12 months after treatment" (Motooka et al., 2003).