Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)

Thespesia populnea
(Malvaceae)

  
image of Thespesia populnea
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Species description or overview Taxonomy & nomenclature Impacts Risk assessments Cultural uses Cultivation & propagation
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It is unknown whether Thespesia populnea is native to Hawaii or whether it was introduced to Hawaii by Polynesians. "...[I]n Hawaii indigenous or possibly introduced by Polynesians for its wood and fiber...." (Wagner et al. 1999. Manual of flowering plants of Hawaii [rev. ed.]. p. 902)  Thespesia populnea is native to "littoral habitats" throughout the tropics, "although apparently native only to the Old World; in Hawaii indigenous or possibly introduced by Polynesians...."  


Species description or overview

Thespesia populnea information from Native Plants Hawaii
Information about Thespesia populnea--including details regarding plant, flower, and leaf characteristics; pests and diseases; growth requirements; and environment--is provided by Native Plants Hawaii.

Traditional tree Thespesia populnea View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
A milo overview is provided by the Traditional Tree Initiative's species profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry (www.traditionaltree.org).

Thespesia populnea information from "Common forest trees of Hawaii" View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Information about Thespesia populnea is presented with respect to this species being a forest tree in Hawaii. The information on this site is from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) 1989 publication by Little and Skolmen entitled "Common forest trees of Hawaii (native and introduced)."

Thespesia populnea information from NTBG
Information about Thespesia populnea is available from the National Tropical Botanical Garden (NTBG).


Taxonomy & nomenclature

GRIN nomenclature info for Thespesia populnea
Nomenclatural information about Thespesia populnea is provided by USDA/ARS/NGRP/GRIN.

Thespesia populnea information from the Smithsonian's Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Thespesia populnea--including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in Hawaii--is provided by the "Flora of the Hawaiian Islands" website of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Links from this page include descriptive information about the species, as well as worldwide distributional information and general information about the genus.

Thespesia populnea information from ITIS
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS provides authoritative taxonomic information on Thespesia populnea, as well as other plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.

IPNI nomenclature info for Thespesia populnea
Nomenclatural information about Thespesia populnea is provided by The International Plant Names Index (IPNI).


Impacts

Thespesia populnea (Malvaceae): species information from GCW
Information on Thespesia populnea as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).


Risk assessments

Thespesia populnea weed risk assessment for Hawaii-Pacific
Results of a weed risk assessment for Thespesia populnea for the Hawaii-Pacific region are presented by the Hawaii-Pacific Weed Risk Assessment team.

Weed risk assessment for Thespesia populnea for Florida (TNC) View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
A weed risk assessment for Thespesia populnea for Florida is presented by The Nature Conservancy (Doria Gordon et al.).


Cultural uses

In the Garden: Lei makers can use many native plants
native plants that are good for lei making are the topic of this Rick Barboza column (Honolulu Star-Bulletin Features, 11/5/2004).


Cultivation & propagation

Thespesia populnea (milo) propagation and cultivation (UH/CTAHR)
Propagation and cultivation information about Thespesia populnea (milo) is provided by the University of Hawaii's College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (UH/CTAHR).

Thespesia populnea information from Native Plants Hawaii
Information about Thespesia populnea--including details regarding plant, flower, and leaf characteristics; pests and diseases; growth requirements; and environment--is provided by Native Plants Hawaii.


Images

Images of Thespesia populnea (Malvaceae) (milo)
Links to high-resolution free images of Thespesia populnea (Malvaceae) (milo) by Forest & Kim Starr (USGS) are available here.

Thespesia populnea information from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Thespesia populnea in Hawaii is available from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands.

Thespesia populnea images from Native Plants Hawaii
Images of Thespesia populnea are provided on the Native Plants Hawaii website.

Tectona to Toona images and weed risk assessment scores
Images of trees Tectona to Toona, and their weed risk assessment scores, listed alphabetically, are from the University of Hawaii Forestry Extension.

Thespesia populnea images by Jupiter Nielsen
Images of Thespesia populnea are provided online by Maui artist/photographer Jupiter Nielsen.


Distribution

Thespesia populnea information from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Thespesia populnea in Hawaii is available from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands.

Thespesia populnea information from the Smithsonian's Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Thespesia populnea--including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in Hawaii--is provided by the "Flora of the Hawaiian Islands" website of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Links from this page include descriptive information about the species, as well as worldwide distributional information and general information about the genus.


Where to see this species

A nature walk to Kaena Point
Arrigoni, Edward. 1978. A nature walk to Kaena Point. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co., Ltd. ISBN: 0-914916-30-0.

Kahoolawe (Kanaloa): natural areas of Hawaii
Forest and Kim Starr provide information about the island of Kahoolawe as a natural area in Hawaii. Links to additional resources are provided, as well as links to images of plant species found on Kahoolawe.

Kaena Point natural area reserve ecosystem restoration project
The resources of Kaena, and threats to the wildlife, are depicted on this US Fish and Wildlife site.


Books

A nature walk to Kaena Point
Arrigoni, Edward. 1978. A nature walk to Kaena Point. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co., Ltd. ISBN: 0-914916-30-0.

Identification and biology of nonnative plants in Florida's natural areas (second edition)
Langeland, K.A., H.M. Cherry, C.M. McCormick, and K.A. Craddock Burks. 2008. Identification and biology of nonnative plants in Florida's natural areas (second edition). The University of Florida IFAS Communication Services (Gainesville). 193+ pp. illus. ISBN: 978-0-916287-70-2.


Full-text articles

Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research
Stone, Charles P., Clifford W. Smith, and J. Timothy Tunison (eds.) . 1992. Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit. ISBN: 0-8248-1474-6.

Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review and draft regional strategy
South Pacific Regional Environmental Programme (SPREP). Sherley, Greg (ed.) . 2000. Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review and draft regional strategy. Apia, Samoa: South Pacific Regional Environment Programme. ISBN: 982-04-0214-X.

Control of non-native plants in natural areas of Florida
Langeland, K.A. and R.L. Stocker. (1997-)2001. Control of non-native plants in natural areas of Florida. SP 242, one of a series of the Department of Agronomy, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. First printed: 1997. Revised: April, 2001.

Botanical inventory of Kure Atoll
Starr, Forest, Kim Martz, and Lloyd Loope. 2001. Botanical inventory of Kure Atoll. Prepared for Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife (Honolulu). 47 pp. illus.

Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants on Midway Atoll, Hawaii.
Starr, F., K. Starr, and Loope L. 2006. Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants on Midway Atoll, Hawaii. An addendum to the 1999 Botanical Survey of Midway Atoll.

Botanical survey of Midway Atoll
Starr, F. and K. Martz. 1999. Botanical survey of Midway Atoll. In: 1995-1999 Baseline Surveys for Alien Species in Marine and Terrestrial Habitats on Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Oahu Offshore Islets Botanical Survey
Starr, F. and K. Starr. 2006. Oahu Offshore Islets Botanical Survey. Report prepared for State Department of Land and Natural Resources and the Offshore Islet Restoration Committee, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Revised List of Hawaiian Names of Plants Native and Introduced with Brief Descriptions and Notes as to Occurrence and Medicinal or Other Values
Gon III, Samuel M. Ohukaniohia. 2008. Revised List of Hawaiian Names of Plants Native and Introduced with Brief Descriptions and Notes as to Occurrence and Medicinal or Other Values, by Joseph F. Rock Consulting Botanist, Board of Agriculture and Forestry Honolulu, Hawaii, 1920; transcribed and annotated by Samuel M. Ohukaniohia Gon III. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 6:405-442.


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The Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk (HEAR) project was historically funded by the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) of the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) through PIERC (USGS) with support from HCSU (UH Hilo). More details are available online. Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII)

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