Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)

Passiflora tarminiana
(Passifloraceae)

banana passionfruit, banana poka, bananadilla

image of Passiflora tarminiana image of Passiflora tarminiana image of Passiflora tarminiana
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Species description or overview Taxonomy & nomenclature See also these taxa Impacts Risk assessments
Control methods Biocontrol efforts Images Distribution Books
Full-text articles Experts Other resources    

HEAR CLOSING      HEAR CLOSING      HEAR CLOSING

A message from Dr. David Duffy, Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit (PCSU), University of Hawaii (posted 05 November 2012):

Because of a lack of funds, HEAR (www.hear.org) may close as soon as December 15, although there may be enough funds to extend it until February 15. This will mean several things. The web site will be placed on a new server although it is not clear who will pay for the server or for transitioning the site. HEAR data will not be updated. The Pacific Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) (http://www.hear.org/pier/abtproj.htm) site will also become frozen, as will numerous books, reports and papers (http://www.hear.org/). As software evolves we will likely lose the ability to access the data. The various list servers will need new owners, otherwise moderated lists will cease to function altogether, while other lists will not be able to add or delete members. The photo collection (http://www.hear.org/starr/images/?o=plants) will remain accessible, but only through a third party site that will charge for access.

I should point out that we have already lost the original homes of both the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) and Pacific Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) although they have found temporary refuges. Together with HEAR, they represent the corporate memory both here in Hawaii and across the Pacific of efforts to sustain our natural ecosystems and agriculture against problems caused by species alien to the islands. HEAR also serves as the glue that holds the community together, providing information and facilitating communication. I just hope hindsight is kind to this decision.

PLEASE SEND YOUR COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS TO webmaster@hear.org

Let us know if you have suggestions for additional references to add to this page.

The invasive vine Passiflora tarminiana infests thousands of acres of native forests in Hawaii.  Passiflora tarminiana (banana poka) (formerly known in Hawaii as Passiflora mollissima) was introduced to Hawaii in the early 1900s.  (There has been some confusion in Hawaii regarding the taxonomy/identification of the plant commonly known as "banana poka," which has been variously called Passiflora mollissima, Passiflora tripartita var. tripartita, Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima, and Passiflora tarminiana. As far as we can determine, there is [2009] only a single taxon of this plant in Hawaii, and its current name is Passiflora tarminiana.) 

Species description or overview

Passiflora tarminiana information from Wikipedia
Description, taxonomy, biology, and control of banana poka are in the Wikipedia article. Biocontrol efforts in Hawaii are briefly reviewed.

Passiflora tarminiana information from CTAHR (Motooka et al.) View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Information about Passiflora tarminiana from "Weeds of Hawaii's pastures and natural areas: an identification and management guide" (Motooka et al. 2003) is provided by the University of Hawaii's College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR).

Passiflora tarminiana information from PIER
Information on Passiflora tarminiana as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER).

Passiflora tarminiana description and ecology from GISD (ISSG)
A species description and information about the ecology of Passiflora tarminiana as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Taxonomy & nomenclature

GRIN nomenclature info for Passiflora tarminiana
Nomenclatural information about Passiflora tarminiana is provided by USDA/ARS/NGRP/GRIN.

Passiflora tarminiana information from the Smithsonian's Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Passiflora tarminiana--including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in Hawaii--is provided by the "Flora of the Hawaiian Islands" website of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Links from this page include descriptive information about the species, as well as worldwide distributional information and general information about the genus.

Passiflora tarminiana information from ITIS
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS provides authoritative taxonomic information on Passiflora tarminiana, as well as other plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.

IPNI nomenclature info for Passiflora tarminiana
Nomenclatural information about Passiflora tarminiana is provided by The International Plant Names Index (IPNI).


See also these taxa

Passiflora mollissima (Passifloraceae): species information from HEAR
Categorized information about Passiflora mollissima (Passifloraceae) is presented by the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Passiflora tripartita (Passifloraceae) - HEAR species info
Categorized information about Passiflora tripartita (Passifloraceae) is presented by the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Passifloraceae): species information from HEAR
Categorized information about Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Passifloraceae) is presented by the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Passiflora tripartita var. tripartita: species information from HEAR
Categorized information about Passiflora tripartita var. tripartita (Passifloraceae) is presented by the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).


Impacts

Passiflora tarminiana (Passifloraceae): species information from GCW
Information on Passiflora tarminiana as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Passiflora tarminiana impact information from GISD (ISSG)
Impact information regarding Passiflora tarminiana as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Risk assessments

Passiflora tarminiana weed risk assessment for Hawaii-Pacific
Results of a weed risk assessment for Passiflora tarminiana for the Hawaii-Pacific region are presented by the Hawaii-Pacific Weed Risk Assessment team.


Control methods

Banana poka biocontrol - 2006 report
The occurrence of a fungus released to control banana poka on Maui is reported (2006).

Passiflora tarminiana information from CTAHR (Motooka et al.) View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Information about Passiflora tarminiana from "Weeds of Hawaii's pastures and natural areas: an identification and management guide" (Motooka et al. 2003) is provided by the University of Hawaii's College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR).

A test of two herbicides for use on banana poka (Passiflora mollissima) in Hawaii
Effective herbicide treatments for killing banana poka vines and stumps are identified in the publication available at the HEAR bibliography site (University of Hawaii, 1991).

Passiflora tarminiana management information from GISD (ISSG)
Management information for Passiflora tarminiana as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Biocontrol efforts

2006 Annual Report for Hawaii Department of Agriculture (HDOA) Plant Pest Control Branch View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
New insect introductions and projects involving invasive species are reviewed in Appendix IV of the 2006 HDOA annual report.

Effective biomass reduction of the invasive weed species banana poka by Septoria leaf spot
Trujillo, E.E., C. Kadooka, V. Tanimoto, S. Bergfeld, G. Shishido, and G. Kawakami. 2001. Effective biomass reduction of the invasive weed species banana poka by Septoria leaf spot. Plant Disease 85:357-361.

Forest pest biological control program in Hawaii
Smith, Clifford W. 2002. Forest pest biological control program in Hawaii. pp. 91-98 in Smith, Clifford W., Julie Denslow, and Stephen Hight (eds). 2002. Proceedings of workshop on biological control of native ecosystems in Hawaii. Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit (University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Botany) Technical Report 129. 122 pages. from http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/duffy/techr/129.pdf accessed 16 March 2008.

Passiflora tarminiana information (biocontrol in Hawaii) from HEAR.org
Information about Passiflora tarminiana as it is relevant to biocontrol (biological control) efforts in Hawaii is provided by the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).


Images

Images of Passiflora tarminiana (Passifloraceae) (banana poka)
Links to high-resolution free images of Passiflora tarminiana (Passifloraceae) (banana poka) by Forest & Kim Starr (USGS) are available here.

Passiflora tarminiana information from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Passiflora tarminiana in Hawaii is available from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands.

Passiflora tarminiana images from PIER
Images of Passiflora tarminiana provided by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER).


Distribution

Passiflora tarminiana information from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Passiflora tarminiana in Hawaii is available from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands.

Passiflora tarminiana information from the Smithsonian's Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Passiflora tarminiana--including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in Hawaii--is provided by the "Flora of the Hawaiian Islands" website of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Links from this page include descriptive information about the species, as well as worldwide distributional information and general information about the genus.

Passiflora tarminiana worldwide distribution from GISD (ISSG)
Worldwide distribution information about Passiflora tarminiana is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Books

Weeds of Hawaii's Pastures and Natural Areas: An Identification and Management Guide
Motooka, Philip, Luisa Castro, Duane Nelson, Guy Nagai, and Lincoln Ching. 2003. Weeds of Hawaii's Pastures and Natural Areas: An Identification and Management Guide. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (University of Hawaii--Manoa), Honolulu. 184 pp. color illus. ISBN: 1-929325-14-2.


Full-text articles

A test of two herbicides for use on banana poka (Passiflora mollissima) in Hawaii
Effective herbicide treatments for killing banana poka vines and stumps are identified in the publication available at the HEAR bibliography site (University of Hawaii, 1991).

The distribution, impact and potential management of the introduced vine Passiflora mollissima (Passifloraceae) in Hawai'i
Warshauer, Frederick R., James D. Jacobi, Anne Marie La Rosa, J. Michael Scott, and Clifford W. Smith. 1983. The distribution, impact and potential management of the introduced vine Passiflora mollissima (Passifloraceae) in Hawai'i. Technical report 48. Honolulu: Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawai'i at Manoa.

Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research
Stone, Charles P., Clifford W. Smith, and J. Timothy Tunison (eds.) . 1992. Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit. ISBN: 0-8248-1474-6.

Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review and draft regional strategy
South Pacific Regional Environmental Programme (SPREP). Sherley, Greg (ed.) . 2000. Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review and draft regional strategy. Apia, Samoa: South Pacific Regional Environment Programme. ISBN: 982-04-0214-X.

Weeds of Hawaii's Pastures and Natural Areas: An Identification and Management Guide
Motooka, Philip, Luisa Castro, Duane Nelson, Guy Nagai, and Lincoln Ching. 2003. Weeds of Hawaii's Pastures and Natural Areas: An Identification and Management Guide. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (University of Hawaii--Manoa), Honolulu. 184 pp. color illus. ISBN: 1-929325-14-2.

Effective biomass reduction of the invasive weed species banana poka by Septoria leaf spot
Trujillo, E.E., C. Kadooka, V. Tanimoto, S. Bergfeld, G. Shishido, and G. Kawakami. 2001. Effective biomass reduction of the invasive weed species banana poka by Septoria leaf spot. Plant Disease 85:357-361.


Experts

Passiflora tarminiana contacts from GISD (ISSG)
Contact information for experts on Passiflora tarminiana as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Other resources

Passiflora tarminiana references from GISD (ISSG)
References regarding Passiflora tarminiana as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


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The Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR) is currently funded by grants from the Hau'oli Mau Loa Foundation and the U.S. Forest Service with support from PCSU (UH Manoa). Historically, HEAR has also received funding and/or support from the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) of the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII), PIERC (USGS), the USFWS, HCSU (UH Hilo), and HALE (NPS).

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