Linepithema humile
(a type of insect)
Argentine ant
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Linepithema humile
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Argentine ant overview
Information on Linepithema humile (formerly Iridomyrmex humilis) characteristics and distribution in Florida is provided by the University of Florida.
IPM Tactics for Argentine Ant Control
Fire Ants -- Teaching Resources
Introduced species in Hawaii: Hymenoptera: Formicidae
The factors that make the Argentine ant, the long legged ant, and the big-headed ant successful and detrimental invaders in Hawaii are discussed in this senior seminar presentation from Earlham College.
Argentine Ant 
General information on Linepithema humile is provided by the Virginia Cooperative Extension.
AntWatch: Ants of Hawaii
Antwatch provides images and descriptions of ants that have been introduced to Hawaii.
Management Guidelines for Ants on Citrus
public domain
Linepithema humile (insect)
Nomenclatural information about Panicum decompositum is provided by ITIS.
Those pesky tramp ants (Pest Control Technology Online)
Polygyny, monomorphism, and colony dispersal by budding and fission allow tramp ant species to succesfully invade new territories. These and other characteristics that benefit tramp ants are discussed in this article.
Argentine ant (Linepithema humile; syn.: Iridomyrmex humilis [Formicidae])
Rod Randall - Western Australia Dept. of Agriculture
Linepithema humile description and ecology from GISD (ISSG)
A species description and information about the ecology of Linepithema humile as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).
AntWeb field guide to the ant species of Hawaii
Images of 20 of the ant species of Hawaii help to identify the species.
Taxonomy and Distribution of the Argentine Ant, Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
USFWS
Linepithema humile (Mayr, 1868) taxonomy from ITIS
ITIS, the Integrated Taxonomic Information System, lists taxonomic data for Linepithema humile and allows searches of other databases.
Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review
and draft regional strategy (2000)
The status of invasive plants, vertebrates, arthropods, molluscs, and crustaceans, and options for a regional invasive species strategy for the South Pacific are presented in this series of articles from the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme, 2000.
Effects of the Argentine ant on arthropod fauna of Hawaiian high-elevation shrubland (abstract)
Invasion of the Argentine ant has reduced the abundance of many endemic arthropod species in the shrublands surrounding Haleakala National Park, Hawaii (Ecology, 1992).
Exotic ants in the Canary Islands
Twelve exotic ant species found in the Canary Islands are reviewed.
Introduced species in Hawaii: Hymenoptera: Formicidae
The factors that make the Argentine ant, the long legged ant, and the big-headed ant successful and detrimental invaders in Hawaii are discussed in this senior seminar presentation from Earlham College.
Linepithema humile impact information from GISD (ISSG)
Impact information regarding Linepithema humile as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).
Trophic ecology of invasive Argentine ants in their native and introduced ranges
Argentine ants apparently shift their diet after establishment as a result of resource depletion and increasing reliance on plant-based resources, especially honeydew-producing Hemiptera.
Review of the efficacy of baits used for ant control and
eradication
Ant species have varying responses to toxins and baits used for their control. This extensive review of published reports is a preamble to the development of recommendations for New Zealand.
Linepithema humile info from Discover Life
High resolution images and brief description of this ant are compiled from various sources for this Discover Life site.
PCD4441-02 Linepithema humile
High definition images are provided by the Japanese Ant Image Database.
Linepithema humile
This Spanish language page provides a numbers of images.
USGS state fact sheet info from USGS/BRD/PIERC/HNPFS
USDA/ITIS (http://www.itis.usda.gov/)
UC IPM Photo
This entry was automatically generated by the Paradox script ITISPLTS.SSL.
Linepithema humile
Here you'll find basic information on the Argentine ant plus images and links to further resources.
Argentine ant, Linepithema humile images
An Argentine ant carrying a dead companion is one of the images posted on this Bug Guide page.
Ants in Hawaii images
Images of many ant species found in Hawaii are on this page of photos taken by Neil Reimer, Hawaii State Department of Agriculture.
Mauna Kea Ant Survey
Ant colonies of Mauna Kea, there distribution, spread, impact, and potential control methods are the subject of the study outlined on this page.
Linepithema humile -- Argentine Ant
This clickable map shows the distribution of this species around the world.
Argentine ant, Linepithema humile images
An Argentine ant carrying a dead companion is one of the images posted on this Bug Guide page.
Taxonomy and Distribution of the Argentine Ant, Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
USFWS
Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review
and draft regional strategy (2000)
The status of invasive plants, vertebrates, arthropods, molluscs, and crustaceans, and options for a regional invasive species strategy for the South Pacific are presented in this series of articles from the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme, 2000.
Nonindigenous ants associated with geothermal and human disturbance in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (abstract)
Ants were common in areas disturbed by geothermal or human activity in HawaiiVolcanoes National Park, but rare in undisturbed forest. Warmth generated by geothermal activity extended the range of some lowland ant species (Pacific Science, 1998).
Status and distribution of ants in the Crater District of Haleakala National Park (abstract)
Possible impacts of three species of ants on endemic flightless insects in the Haleakala Park area are discussed (Pacific Science, 1982).
Colony structure in introduced and native populations of the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (abstract)
The Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, severely decreases the abundance and diversity of native ant fauna in areas where it invades, but coexists with a more diverse assemblage of ants in its native range ( Insectes Sociaux, 2004).
Aggression studies reveal the existence of ant supercolonies
Agression studies indicate there are two supercolonies of Argentine ants in Europe. Genomic differences may lead to different responses and recognition among related and unrelated ants (Genome News Network, 2002).
Argentine ant in Haleakala National Park
Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) images and distribution map for Haleakala National Park, Maui, Hawaii, are on this site.
Linepithema humile worldwide distribution from GISD (ISSG)
Worldwide distribution information about Linepithema humile is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).
Exotic ants in the Canary Islands
Exotic ants for the Canary Islands are examined, with 12 species identified, based on recent
collections and revision of preserved material and published lists (Vieraea, 2003).
Trophic ecology of invasive Argentine ants in their native and introduced ranges
Argentine ants apparently shift their diet after establishment as a result of resource depletion and increasing reliance on plant-based resources, especially honeydew-producing Hemiptera.
Patterns of spread in biological invasions dominated by long-distance jump dispersal: Insights from Argentine ants
This article uses historic and current data to try and understand the ways that Linepithema humile spreads.
Scientists Question Reports Of Massive Ant Supercolonies In California And Europe
This article was published in Science Daily on 2004-04-08.
Ant invasions of mamane-naio forest at high elevations on Mauna Kea.
The potential impact of ants upon the endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper -- palila -- was studied on the dry sub-alpine slopes of Mauna Kea.
Taxonomy and Distribution of the Argentine Ant, Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
USFWS
Long-term dynamics of the distribution of the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, and native ant taxa in northern California
no info readily available as of 20050806
The Colony Structure and Population Biology of Invasive Ants
This article reviews the population biology of invasive ants (Linepithema humile & Solenopsis invicta) and focuses on the role of sociality and colony structure
in their success.
Community Structure of House-Infesting Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Southern Bahia, Brazil
This article examines the community structure of house invading ants in Brazil.
Soil-free collection of Argentine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on food directed brood and queen movement
This article outlines a method for collecting this species.
Alien species and the extinction crisis of Hawaii's invertebrates
Invertebrates are the glue that hold Hawaii's ecosystems together, and the natives are in crisis (Adam Asquith, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1995).
Impacts of alien land arthropods and mollusks on native plants and animals in Hawaii
The impacts of invasive invertebrates on Hawaii's ecosystems are reviewed (symposium proceedings, 1984).
Pacific Ant Prevention Plan
This proposal was prepared by ISSG for the Pacific Plant Protection Organization and Regional Technical Meeting For Plant Protection in March 2004.
Exotic ants in NZ: A ticking timebomb?
This article highlights a number of research projects that are currently being carried out on exotic ants by Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, collaborators and University students.
Relationships among native and introduced populations of the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile ) and the source of introduced populations
This 11 pg. article discusses the genetic variations of Linepithema humile in Brazil and Argentina.
Hydrocarbon-released nestmate aggression in the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, following encounters with insect prey
This article abstract examines how contact with a certain species of cockaroach seems to induce nestmate agression in Linepithema humile.
Mating frequency and genetic structure of the Argentine ant Linepithema humile
This 8 page article examines the mating of Linepithema humile.
Patterns of spread in biological invasions dominated by long-distance jump dispersal: Insights from Argentine ants
This article uses historic and current data to try and understand the ways that Linepithema humile spreads.
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF DISPERSAL DYNAMICS IN AN INVADING POPULATION OF ARGENTINE ANTS
This study investigates the genetic structure of an invading population of Argentine ants in California to examine the dispersal distances of reproductives, the direction and mode of population expansion, and changes in the genetic differentiation among n
Selection for uniformity: xenophobia and invasion success
The invasive Argentine ant Linepithema humile forms unicolonial societies in which conflict between colonies is absent. This research addresses an evolutionary paradox: the evolution of indiscriminate altruism (TRENDS in Ecology and Evolution, 2003).
Long-term impact of exotic ants on the native ants of Madeira
The earliest exotic records for big-headed ant (Pheidole megacephala) and the Argentine ant ( Linepithema humile ), are from the islands of Madeira, where the species underwent
population explosions in the 1850s and 1890s respectively. Current surveys reevaluate assumptions regarding the extent of these invasions (Ecological Entomology, 2006).
The ecology, policy, and management of ants in Hawaii (Proc. Hawaiian Entomol Soc., 2005)
The ecology and impacts of the roughly 45 ant species introduced to Hawaii, and their implications for agriculture, other sectors of the economy, and the conservation of native biodiversity, are reviewed (abstract with link to full article).
Current and potential ant impacts in the Pacific region (Proc. Hawaiian Entomological Society, 2005)
Is an "invasional meltdown" involving ants and scale insects a wave of the future for the Pacific? This article discusses the potential impacts of invasive insects on Pacific Islands.
A review of the association of ants with mealybug wilt disease of pineapple (Proc. Hawaiian Entomological Society, 2003)
The mutualism between ants and mealybugs on pineapple is reviewed.
The colony structure and population biology of invasive ants
The Tsutsui Lab at the University of California, Berkeley publishes research papers on the behavior of invasive ants, particularly the Argentine ant and red imported fire ant. This site links to full-length research articles published by the Tsutsui lab.
Colony structure in introduced and native populations of the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (abstract)
The Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, severely decreases the abundance and diversity of native ant fauna in areas where it invades, but coexists with a more diverse assemblage of ants in its native range ( Insectes Sociaux, 2004).
The causes and consequences of ant invasions
Invasive ants compete with and prey upon a diversity of other organisms, including
some vertebrates, and may enter into or disrupt mutualistic interactions with numerous
plants and other insects.
Floral visitation patterns of two invasive ant species and their effects on other hymenopteran visitors
The Argentine ant Linepithema humile, and the big-headed ant Pheidole megacephala, affected nectar volume and floral hymenopteran visitors on ohia flowers (Lori Lach, Ecological Entomology, 2008).
Argentine and other ants in New Zealand horticultural ecosystems: distribution, hemipteran hosts, and review
Linepithema humile and Paratrechina vaga are commonly found in horticultural crops tending hemipteran insects and may cause significant economic impacts.
Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review and draft regional strategy
South Pacific Regional Environmental Programme (SPREP). Sherley, Greg (ed.) . 2000. Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review and draft regional strategy. Apia, Samoa: South Pacific Regional Environment Programme. ISBN: 982-04-0214-X.
Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives)
Veitch, C.R. and M.N. Clout (eds.) . 2002. Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives). IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. vii + 414pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0682-3.
Arthropod pests of conservation significance in the
Pacific: A preliminary assessment of selected groups
Invasive ants are individually reviewed in this section of "Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review and draft regional strategy" published in June 2000 by the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme.
Competitive advantages of the Argentine ant Linepithema humile
This research paper details mechanisms of competitive success that allow the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) to invade and displace native ant populations.
The causes and consequenses of ant invasions
This article reviews the ecological effects of invasive ants on continents and islands. Tables and extensive references are provided.
Loss of Wolbachia infection during colonisation in the invasive Argentine ant Linepithema humile
The Argentine ant Linepithema humile may lose infection by symbiotic bacteria Wolbachia when the ant invades new territories (Heredity, 2005).
Trophic ecology of invasive Argentine ants in their native and introduced ranges
Argentine ants apparently shift their diet after establishment as a result of resource depletion and increasing reliance on plant-based resources, especially honeydew-producing Hemiptera.
The role of opportunity in the unintentional introduction of nonnative ants (Proceedings National Academy of Science)
The authors study ant species unintentionally transported into the US and relate opportunity and species-level ecological attributes to the probability of establishment.
Reduced genetic variation and the success of the invasive Argentine ant
The reduction of genetic diversity in the invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) contributes to its success as an invasive species by allowing the formation of supercolonies in which workers and queens mix freely among physically separate nests.
Ant News
This internet blog has some interesting info on the latest research articles for Linepithema humile and other species -- be sure to check out the archives.
Argentine ant (Linepithema humile; syn.: Iridomyrmex humilis [Formicidae])
Rod Randall - Western Australia Dept. of Agriculture
Hoike o Haleakala Curriculum -- Web of Life Game
In this game students explore how various endemic and introduced species interact in the alpine/Aeolian regions of Haleakala, including the invasive ant species Linepithema humile.
Hoike o Haleakala Curriculum # Ant Alert: How Does Invasion Threaten Natives?
Students prepare a presentation on Argentine ant in Haleakala National Park based on handouts and a video.
Hoike o Haleakala Curriculum # Controlling the Argentine Ant
GCW database housed at HEAR (www.hear.org/gcw)
Linepithema humile references from GISD (ISSG)
References regarding Linepithema humile as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).
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