Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)

Cynodon dactylon
(Poaceae)

Australian couch, Bahama grass, Bermuda grass, Indian doab, balama grass, couch grass, devil's grass, devilgrass, giant Bermuda grass, grama

image of Cynodon dactylon image of Cynodon dactylon image of Cynodon dactylon
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HEAR home  >  species info  >  plants  >  Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae)
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Species description or overview Taxonomy & nomenclature Impacts Control methods Images
Voucher specimens Distribution Where to see this species Books Full-text articles
Bibliography Experts Other resources    


Species description or overview

Cynodon dactylon information from PIER
Information on Cynodon dactylon as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER).

Cynodon dactylon description and ecology from GISD (ISSG)
A species description and information about the ecology of Cynodon dactylon as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Taxonomy & nomenclature

ITIS nomenclature info for Cynodon dactylon
Nomenclatural information about Cynodon dactylon is provided by ITIS.


Impacts

Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae): species information from GCW
Information on Cynodon dactylon as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Cynodon dactylon impact information from GISD (ISSG)
Impact information regarding Cynodon dactylon as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Control methods

Cynodon dactylon management information from GISD (ISSG)
Management information for Cynodon dactylon as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Images

Images of Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae) (Bermuda grass)
Links to high-resolution free images of Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae) (Bermuda grass) by Forest & Kim Starr (USGS) are available here.

Cynodon dactylon information from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands  new posting 
Information about Cynodon dactylon in Hawaii is available from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands.

Cynodon dactylon images from PIER
Images of Cynodon dactylon provided by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER).


Voucher specimens

Images of voucher specimens for Cynodon dactylon from the herbarium of Kalaupapa National Historical Park (Molokai, Hawaii, USA)
Images of voucher specimens of Cynodon dactylon from the herbarium of Kalaupapa National Historical Park (Molokai, Hawaii, USA) are available online.


Distribution

Cynodon dactylon information from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands  new posting 
Information about Cynodon dactylon in Hawaii is available from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands.

Cynodon dactylon worldwide distribution from GISD (ISSG)
Worldwide distribution information about Cynodon dactylon is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Where to see this species

A nature walk to Kaena Point
Arrigoni, Edward. 1978. A nature walk to Kaena Point. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co., Ltd. ISBN: 0-914916-30-0.

Kahoolawe (Kanaloa): natural areas of Hawaii  new posting 
Forest and Kim Starr provide information about the island of Kahoolawe as a natural area in Hawaii. Links to additional resources are provided, as well as links to images of plant species found on Kahoolawe.

Kaena Point natural area reserve ecosystem restoration project
The resources of Kaena, and threats to the wildlife, are depicted on this US Fish and Wildlife site.


Books

Weed handbook of Western Polynesia
Whistler, W. Arthur. 1983. Weed handbook of Western Polynesia. Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft f#r Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. ISBN: 3-88085-227-8.

Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives)
Veitch, C.R. and M.N. Clout (eds.) . 2002. Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives). IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. vii + 414pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0682-3.

Weeds of the West
Whitson, Tom D., Larry C. Burrill, Steven A. Dewey, David W. Cudney, B.E. Nelson, Richard D. Lee, and Robert Parker. Whitson, Tom D. (ed.) . 2001. Weeds of the West. 9th ed. Laramie: University of Wyoming. ISBN: 0-941570-13-4.

A nature walk to Kaena Point
Arrigoni, Edward. 1978. A nature walk to Kaena Point. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co., Ltd. ISBN: 0-914916-30-0.

Hawaii's butterflies & moths: an identification guide to easily observed species
Jamieson, Dean and Jim Denny. 2001. Hawaii's butterflies & moths: an identification guide to easily observed species. A Hawaii Biological Survey Handbook. Mutual Publishing.


Full-text articles

Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research
Stone, Charles P., Clifford W. Smith, and J. Timothy Tunison (eds.) . 1992. Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit. ISBN: 0-8248-1474-6.

Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives)
Veitch, C.R. and M.N. Clout (eds.) . 2002. Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives). IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. vii + 414pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0682-3.

Botanical inventory of Kure Atoll
Starr, Forest, Kim Martz, and Lloyd Loope. 2001. Botanical inventory of Kure Atoll. Prepared for Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife (Honolulu). 47 pp. illus.

Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants on Midway Atoll, Hawaii.
Starr, F., K. Starr, and Loope L. 2006. Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants on Midway Atoll, Hawaii. An addendum to the 1999 Botanical Survey of Midway Atoll.

Botanical survey of Midway Atoll
Starr, F. and K. Martz. 1999. Botanical survey of Midway Atoll. In: 1995-1999 Baseline Surveys for Alien Species in Marine and Terrestrial Habitats on Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu, Hawaii.

A botanical survey of Pearl & Hermes Atoll, Lisianski, Laysan, Gardner Pinnacles, and French Frigate Shoals
Starr, F. and K. Martz. 1999. A botanical survey of Pearl & Hermes Atoll, Lisianski, Laysan, Gardner Pinnacles, and French Frigate Shoals. S. S. Midway Expedition. Trip report prepared for U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Honolulu, Hawaii).

Oahu Offshore Islets Botanical Survey
Starr, F. and K. Starr. 2006. Oahu Offshore Islets Botanical Survey. Report prepared for State Department of Land and Natural Resources and the Offshore Islet Restoration Committee, Honolulu, Hawaii.


Bibliography

References for Cynodon dactylon
Bibliographic references for Cynodon dactylon are provided by HEAR.


Experts

Cynodon dactylon contacts from GISD (ISSG)
Contact information for experts on Cynodon dactylon as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Other resources

Cynodon dactylon references from GISD (ISSG)
References regarding Cynodon dactylon as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


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The Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk (HEAR) project is currently funded by the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) of the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) through PIERC (USGS) with support from HCSU (UH-Hilo). More details are available online. Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII)

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