Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)

Conocarpus erectus
(Combretaceae)

button mangrove, buttonwood, sea mulberry

image of Conocarpus erectus image of Conocarpus erectus image of Conocarpus erectus
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Species description or overview Taxonomy & nomenclature Impacts Risk assessments
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On the shores of Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, buttonwood and other types of mangroves are being removed in an attempt to restore some of the ancient Hawaiian fishponds in the vicinity (Staples & Herbst 2005). 


Species description or overview

Conocarpus erectus information from PIER
Information on Conocarpus erectus as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER).


Taxonomy & nomenclature

GRIN nomenclature info for Conocarpus erectus
Nomenclatural information about Conocarpus erectus is provided by USDA/ARS/NGRP/GRIN.

Conocarpus erectus information from the Smithsonian's Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Conocarpus erectus--including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in Hawaii--is provided by the "Flora of the Hawaiian Islands" website of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Links from this page include descriptive information about the species, as well as worldwide distributional information and general information about the genus.

Conocarpus erectus information from ITIS
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS provides authoritative taxonomic information on Conocarpus erectus, as well as other plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.

IPNI nomenclature info for Conocarpus erectus
Nomenclatural information about Conocarpus erectus is provided by The International Plant Names Index (IPNI).


Impacts

Conocarpus erectus (Combretaceae): species information from GCW
Information on Conocarpus erectus as relevant to Pacific Islands is provided by the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).


Risk assessments

Conocarpus erectus weed risk assessment for Hawaii-Pacific
Results of a weed risk assessment for Conocarpus erectus for the Hawaii-Pacific region are presented by the Hawaii-Pacific Weed Risk Assessment team.


Images

Images of Conocarpus erectus (Combretaceae) (button mangrove)
Links to high-resolution free images of Conocarpus erectus (Combretaceae) (button mangrove) by Forest & Kim Starr (USGS) are available here.

Conocarpus erectus information from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Conocarpus erectus in Hawaii is available from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands.

Conocarpus erectus images from PIER
Images of Conocarpus erectus provided by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER).


Distribution

Conocarpus erectus information from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Conocarpus erectus in Hawaii is available from the Smithsonian Flora of the Hawaiian Islands.

Conocarpus erectus information from the Smithsonian's Flora of the Hawaiian Islands
Information about Conocarpus erectus--including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in Hawaii--is provided by the "Flora of the Hawaiian Islands" website of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Links from this page include descriptive information about the species, as well as worldwide distributional information and general information about the genus.


Full-text articles

Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research
Stone, Charles P., Clifford W. Smith, and J. Timothy Tunison (eds.) . 1992. Alien plant invasions in native ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and research. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit. ISBN: 0-8248-1474-6.

Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants on Midway Atoll, Hawaii.
Starr, F., K. Starr, and Loope L. 2006. Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants on Midway Atoll, Hawaii. An addendum to the 1999 Botanical Survey of Midway Atoll.

Botanical survey of Midway Atoll
Starr, F. and K. Martz. 1999. Botanical survey of Midway Atoll. In: 1995-1999 Baseline Surveys for Alien Species in Marine and Terrestrial Habitats on Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Oahu Offshore Islets Botanical Survey
Starr, F. and K. Starr. 2006. Oahu Offshore Islets Botanical Survey. Report prepared for State Department of Land and Natural Resources and the Offshore Islet Restoration Committee, Honolulu, Hawaii.


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The Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk (HEAR) project was historically funded by the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) of the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) through PIERC (USGS) with support from HCSU (UH Hilo). More details are available online. Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII)

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