Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)

Apis mellifera subsp. scutellata
(Apidae)

 
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Species description or overview Taxonomy & nomenclature Management plans

HEAR CLOSING      HEAR CLOSING      HEAR CLOSING

A message from Dr. David Duffy, Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit (PCSU), University of Hawaii (posted 05 November 2012):

Because of a lack of funds, HEAR (www.hear.org) may close as soon as December 15, although there may be enough funds to extend it until February 15. This will mean several things. The web site will be placed on a new server although it is not clear who will pay for the server or for transitioning the site. HEAR data will not be updated. The Pacific Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) (http://www.hear.org/pier/abtproj.htm) site will also become frozen, as will numerous books, reports and papers (http://www.hear.org/). As software evolves we will likely lose the ability to access the data. The various list servers will need new owners, otherwise moderated lists will cease to function altogether, while other lists will not be able to add or delete members. The photo collection (http://www.hear.org/starr/images/?o=plants) will remain accessible, but only through a third party site that will charge for access.

I should point out that we have already lost the original homes of both the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) and Pacific Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) although they have found temporary refuges. Together with HEAR, they represent the corporate memory both here in Hawaii and across the Pacific of efforts to sustain our natural ecosystems and agriculture against problems caused by species alien to the islands. HEAR also serves as the glue that holds the community together, providing information and facilitating communication. I just hope hindsight is kind to this decision.

PLEASE SEND YOUR COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS TO webmaster@hear.org

Let us know if you have suggestions for additional references to add to this page.

The Africanized honey bee (Apis mellifera subsp. scutellata), also known as the "killer bee" on the mainland U.S., looks just like the domestic honey bee.  Apis mellifera subsp. scutellata is primarily a public safety threat in Hawaii where our year-round mild climate is sure to favor the development of many hives throughout our lowlands where our residential communities and tourist areas are found. If it were to become established, it could seriously impact Hawaii's communities, businesses, and tourism. This bee could also impact commercial beekeepers, resulting in reduced yields to melon and other crops that rely on pollination. It could also impact honey and queen bee production in the State by infiltrating domestic honey bee colonies. Unlike the domesticated European honey bee, the Africanized honey bee is a "wild" bee that is not comfortable around people or animals, and will readily defend its hive at greater distances from the disturbance, become more upset with less reason, and sting in much greater numbers. Some individuals have been stung hundreds of times in only a few moments. In isolated instances, people and animals have been stung to death, primarily by not being able to get away from the bees quickly enough.  Apis mellifera subsp. scutellata is not known to be present in Hawaii (as of late 2008).  Originally from Africa, the Apis mellifera subsp. scutellata was introduced into Brazil in 1956. It escaped the following year and has been migrating north since then. In 1990, the AHB entered Texas and today it is well established in the southern portions of Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and California.  Apis mellifera subsp. scutellata is native to Africa. 

Species description or overview

Africanized honey bee information from the Hawaii Invasive Species Council (HISC).
The potential threat of the "killer bee" in Hawaii is described.

Africanized honeybee species profile (USDA)
Extensive links to information about Africanized honeybee (Apis mellifera scutellata), and a video, are provided by the National Invasive Species Information Center (USDA).

Apis mellifera scutellata information
Apis mellifera scutellata ecology, habitat, dispersal, and management are from The Global Invasive Species Database.


Taxonomy & nomenclature

Apis mellifera information from ITIS
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS provides authoritative taxonomic information on Apis mellifera, as well as other plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.


Management plans

Management plans for invasive animals by species (USDA)
Management plans for invasive animals are provided by the National Invasive Species Information Center.


PDF icon Some documents posted on the HEAR website are in Adobe Acrobat PDF format. If your computer is not already set up to read these files, you can download the FREE Adobe Acrobat reader. You can set up most web browsers to automatically invoke this reader (as a "helper application" or "add-in") upon encountering documents of this type (refer to your browser's documentation for how to do this). download Acrobat reader


The Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR) is currently funded by grants from the Hau'oli Mau Loa Foundation and the U.S. Forest Service with support from PCSU (UH Manoa). Historically, HEAR has also received funding and/or support from the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) of the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII), PIERC (USGS), the USFWS, HCSU (UH Hilo), and HALE (NPS).

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The content of this page is based on information last generated on 05 November 2012 by PT. The template for this page was created on 15 March 2004 by EMS, and was last updated on 02 July 2012 by PT. Valid HTML 4.01!