Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)

Anoplolepis gracilipes
(Formicidae)

 
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HEAR CLOSING      HEAR CLOSING      HEAR CLOSING

A message from Dr. David Duffy, Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit (PCSU), University of Hawaii (posted 05 November 2012):

Because of a lack of funds, HEAR (www.hear.org) may close as soon as December 15, although there may be enough funds to extend it until February 15. This will mean several things. The web site will be placed on a new server although it is not clear who will pay for the server or for transitioning the site. HEAR data will not be updated. The Pacific Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) (http://www.hear.org/pier/abtproj.htm) site will also become frozen, as will numerous books, reports and papers (http://www.hear.org/). As software evolves we will likely lose the ability to access the data. The various list servers will need new owners, otherwise moderated lists will cease to function altogether, while other lists will not be able to add or delete members. The photo collection (http://www.hear.org/starr/images/?o=plants) will remain accessible, but only through a third party site that will charge for access.

I should point out that we have already lost the original homes of both the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) and Pacific Ecosystems at Risk (PIER) although they have found temporary refuges. Together with HEAR, they represent the corporate memory both here in Hawaii and across the Pacific of efforts to sustain our natural ecosystems and agriculture against problems caused by species alien to the islands. HEAR also serves as the glue that holds the community together, providing information and facilitating communication. I just hope hindsight is kind to this decision.

PLEASE SEND YOUR COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS TO webmaster@hear.org

Let us know if you have suggestions for additional references to add to this page.


Species description or overview

Anoplolepis gracilipes overview from Japanese Ant Image Database
Anoplolepis gracilipes images, description, and references are provided by Jant.

Yellow crazy ant information from Wikipedia
Article on the yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes includes information on biology, range, supercolonies, and impacts on Christmas Island (Wikipedia).

Ecology of yellow crazy ant Anoplolepis gracilipes
Anoplolepis gracilipes images, description, habitat, and impacts are presented in this issg Global Invasive Species site.

Anoplolepis gracilipes description and ecology from GISD (ISSG)
A species description and information about the ecology of Anoplolepis gracilipes as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Taxonomy & nomenclature

Anoplolepis gracilipes information from ITIS
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS provides authoritative taxonomic information on Anoplolepis gracilipes, as well as other plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.

Anoplolepis gracilipes (Smith, 1857) taxonomic information from ITIS
ITIS, the Integrated Taxonomic Information System, lists taxonomic data for Anoplolepis gracilipes Forel, 1899, and allows searches of other databases.


Identification

Key to ant species in Hawaii
13 physical characteristics are the basis of this computer-assisted key for identifying the 48 species of ants in Hawaii.

AntWeb field guide to the ant species of Hawaii View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Images of 20 of the ant species of Hawaii help to identify the species.


See also these taxa

Anoplolepis longipes (Formicidae): species information from HEAR
Categorized information about Anoplolepis longipes (Formicidae) is presented by the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).


Impacts

Anoplolepis gracilipes impact information from GISD (ISSG)
Impact information regarding Anoplolepis gracilipes as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).

Invasional meltdown on an oceanic island (Ecology Letters) View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Invasion by the alien crazy ant Anoplolepis gracilipes causes a rapid, catastrophic shift in the rain forest ecosystem of a tropical oceanic island (Christmas Island), affecting at least three trophic levels (full article).

Community level impacts of an ant invader and food mediated coexistence (abstract)
Ant community interactions with and without Anoplolepis gracilipes across two atolls in Tokelau were surveyed.

Crabs on early march in Christmas Island car-free zones
Red crab numbers on Christmas Island were reduced by up to one-third in the 1990s by huge colonies of introduced yellow crazy ants that spray poison into the crabs' eyes then eat them. A program to control yelow crazy ants has resulted in a successful migration for the endemic crabs (The Australian, 10/28/2009).


Prevention

Change in Quarantine Action Policy for Ants Intercepted from Commodities Destined to the State of Hawaii
A policy change regarding quarantine action for ants intercepted from commodities in Hawaii is detailed here. The revised policy went into effect 10 April 2002.


Control methods

Anoplolepis gracilipes management information from GISD (ISSG)
Management information for Anoplolepis gracilipes as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Images

Anoplolepis gracilipes images (Starr)
Images of Anoplolepis gracilipes (Formicidae) (long-legged ant are provided by from Forest and Kim Starr.

Images of Anoplolepis gracilipes from ANTWEB
This AntWeb site allows comparisons of close-up images of individuals within the species Anoplolepis gracilipes.


Distribution

Anoplolepis gracilipes -- Long-Legged Ant; Yellow Crazy Ant
This clickable map shows the distribution of this species around the world.

Ants from Moorea, Society Islands (American Museum of Natural History, 1908)
In 1906-1907, 13 ant species were collected for the American Museum on the island of Moorea (Eimeo), near Tahiti. Some of the species are listed by outdated names.

Nonindigenous ants associated with geothermal and human disturbance in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (abstract)
Ants were common in areas disturbed by geothermal or human activity in HawaiiVolcanoes National Park, but rare in undisturbed forest. Warmth generated by geothermal activity extended the range of some lowland ant species (Pacific Science, 1998).

Ants of Tonga (abstract) View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Tonga has 53 species of ants, based on this review of published and new records (Pacific Science, 2002).

Fiji Ant Project information
Anoplolepis gracilipes, Paratrechina vaga, Pheidole megacephala and Solenopsis geminata are currently impacting the native diversity of endemic ants in Fiji.

Distribution of Anoplolepis gracilipes
Countries with distribution records for Anoplolepis gracilipes are listed in the Global Invasive Species Database.

Anoplolepis gracilipes worldwide distribution from GISD (ISSG)
Worldwide distribution information about Anoplolepis gracilipes is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Books

Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives)
Veitch, C.R. and M.N. Clout (eds.) . 2002. Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives). IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. vii + 414pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0682-3.


In the news

Crabs on early march in Christmas Island car-free zones
Red crab numbers on Christmas Island were reduced by up to one-third in the 1990s by huge colonies of introduced yellow crazy ants that spray poison into the crabs' eyes then eat them. A program to control yelow crazy ants has resulted in a successful migration for the endemic crabs (The Australian, 10/28/2009).

Ants attacking birds on Chinaman's Hat
DOFAW researchers found swarms of yellow-crazy ants attacking nesting seabird on the tiny island of Chinaman's Hat, forcing them to find new nesting sites (KHON2, Jan 20, 2006, by Manolo Morales).


Full-text articles

Pacific Ant Prevention Plan View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
This proposal was prepared by ISSG for the Pacific Plant Protection Organization and Regional Technical Meeting For Plant Protection in March 2004.

Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives)
Veitch, C.R. and M.N. Clout (eds.) . 2002. Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species (proceedings of the International Conference on Eradication of Island Invasives). IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. vii + 414pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0682-3.

Determinants for the successful establishment of exotic ants in New Zealand View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
The exotic New Zealand ant fauna is examined for characteristics that predict or determine an exotic species' ability to establish. A predictive model based on quarantine records, climate, and ant species size was 71% accurate.

Behaviourally and genetically distinct populations of an invasive ant provide insight into invasion history and impacts on a tropical ant community View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
The behavioral, genetic and environmental factors that influence variation in populations of the yellow crazy ant, Anoplolepis gracilipes, on Nukunonu Atoll of Tokelau, Pacific Ocean, are reported in this article.

Habitat complexity facilitates coexistence in a tropical ant community (Oecologia, 2006) View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
The invasive yellow crazy ant, Anoplolepis gracilipes (Smith), exists in high densities on Tokelau, but still coexists with up to seven other epigeic ant species. The roles of habitat complexity and size-grain hypothesis (SGH) are explored.


Experts

Anoplolepis gracilipes contacts from GISD (ISSG)
Contact information for experts on Anoplolepis gracilipes as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


Discussion forums

Pacific Ant Group e-mail list (PAG-L@HAWAII.EDU)
The Pacific Ant Group discussion forum facilitates communication toward preventing establishment of Red Imported fire ant and other invasive ants on Pacific islands.


Other resources

Anoplolepis gracilipes references from GISD (ISSG)
References regarding Anoplolepis gracilipes as an invasive species is provided from the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD). GISD was created and is maintained by IUCN's Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG).


PDF icon Some documents posted on the HEAR website are in Adobe Acrobat PDF format. If your computer is not already set up to read these files, you can download the FREE Adobe Acrobat reader. You can set up most web browsers to automatically invoke this reader (as a "helper application" or "add-in") upon encountering documents of this type (refer to your browser's documentation for how to do this). download Acrobat reader


The Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR) is currently funded by grants from the Hau'oli Mau Loa Foundation and the U.S. Forest Service with support from PCSU (UH Manoa). Historically, HEAR has also received funding and/or support from the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) of the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII), PIERC (USGS), the USFWS, HCSU (UH Hilo), and HALE (NPS).

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