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Gardner, D. E. 1994. Hawai`i's plant pathogenic microfungi: Native residents or alien invaders? Abstracts of the 1994 Hawai`i Conservation Conference, Honolulu.
ABSTRACT
From the standpoint of conservation, the endemic, indigenous, or introduced status of an organism, or group of organisms, is of prime significance. This is particularly true of isolated insular environments. The quality of being native places all such organisms, whether conspicuous or obscure, on an equal basis of importance with one another. The origins of certain groups in Hawai'i, such as the avifauna and the higher plants, are relatively well known, but other organisms are less easily categorized and have been largely overlooked. Because of the cosmopolitan nature of many plant pathogenic fungi and ease with which they are distributed, the circumstances of their arrival in Hawai'i are uncertain. On the other hand, groups such as the rust fungi and the black mildews, all members of which are obligate parasites, exhibit an especially high degree of host specificity, and include species known to be native to Hawai'i, Among these, as with other organisms, indigenousness is frequently more difficult to establish than is endemism. All endemic rust fungi and most of the black mildews in Hawai'i are restricted to endemic hosts (the remaining being on indigenous hosts), with which they probably have evolved in close association. Four species of endemic rusts of Acacia koa probably arose from a fifth, indigenous species which is also known from Australia, and offer interesting examples of morphological specialization and adaptation.

FULL TEXT
Full text not available for this publication.

HOSTS
No host information available for this publication.


PATHOGENS
No pathogen information available for this publication.


RELEVANT TO BIOCONTROL
No.

KEY WORDS
Keywords not available for this publication.

IMAGES
01_096 -- microscope view 01_096 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_097 -- microscope view 01_097 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_098 -- microscope view 01_098 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_099 -- microscope view 01_099 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_100 -- microscope view 01_100 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_101 -- microscope view 01_101 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_102 -- microscope view 01_102 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_103 -- microscope view 01_103 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_104 -- microscope view 01_104 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_105 -- microscope view 01_105 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_106 -- microscope view 01_106 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_107 -- microscope view 01_107 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_108 -- microscope view 01_108 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_109 -- microscope view 01_109 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_110 -- microscope view 01_110 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_111 -- leaf spot 01_111 - leaf spot
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_112 -- microscope view 01_112 - microscope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
02_102 -- F. o. koae from wilted seedlings 02_102 - F. o. koae from wilted seedlings
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
02_103 -- Verticillium-like fungus from wilted Koa in HAVO, 14-day old PDA culture 02_103 - Verticillium-like fungus from wilted Koa in HAVO, 14-day old PDA culture
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
02_104 -- Verticillium-like fungus from wilted Koa in HAVO, 14-day old PDA culture 02_104 - Verticillium-like fungus from wilted Koa in HAVO, 14-day old PDA culture
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
09_001 -- F. o. passiflorae 09_001 - F. o. passiflorae
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
09_002 -- F. o. passiflorae from wilted Passiflora ligularis stem 09_002 - F. o. passiflorae from wilted Passiflora ligularis stem
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
09_036 -- Uredo wakensis on Tournefortia argentea at Kailua Beach, Oahu 09_036 - Uredo wakensis on Tournefortia argentea at Kailua Beach, Oahu
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
09_037 -- Uredo wakensis on Tournefortia argentea at Kailua Beach, Oahu 09_037 - Uredo wakensis on Tournefortia argentea at Kailua Beach, Oahu
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
09_038 -- Uredo wakensis on Tournefortia argentea at Kailua Beach, Oahu 09_038 - Uredo wakensis on Tournefortia argentea at Kailua Beach, Oahu
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_093 -- Dothiorella conidia from PDA culture from disease faya tree 13_093 - Dothiorella conidia from PDA culture from disease faya tree
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_094 -- Dothiorella conidia from PDA culture from disease faya tree 13_094 - Dothiorella conidia from PDA culture from disease faya tree
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_095 -- Botryosphaeria ascus from faya twigs dieback 13_095 - Botryosphaeria ascus from faya twigs dieback
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_096 -- Botryosphaeria ascus from faya twigs dieback 13_096 - Botryosphaeria ascus from faya twigs dieback
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_104 -- Ascospores of Mycosphaerella from Vaccinium calycinum 13_104 - Ascospores of Mycosphaerella from Vaccinium calycinum
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_105 -- Clove Cryphonectria cubensis, superficial perithecia and pycnidia 13_105 - Clove Cryphonectria cubensis, superficial perithecia and pycnidia
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_106 -- Clove Cryphonectria cubensis, superficial perithecia and pycnidia 13_106 - Clove Cryphonectria cubensis, superficial perithecia and pycnidia
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_107 -- Clove Cryphonectria cubensis, superficial perithecia and pycnidia 13_107 - Clove Cryphonectria cubensis, superficial perithecia and pycnidia
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_108 -- Braziliomyces cleistothecium 13_108 - Braziliomyces cleistothecium
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_109 -- unknown needle fungus on Dinus elderada 13_109 - unknown needle fungus on Dinus elderada
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_110 -- Botryosphaeria (Guignardia) pipturi 13_110 - Botryosphaeria (Guignardia) pipturi
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_111 -- Ostiolate perithecium of Botryosphaeria pipturi 13_111 - Ostiolate perithecium of Botryosphaeria pipturi
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_112 -- Asci and ascospores of Guignardia from pipturis 13_112 - Asci and ascospores of Guignardia from pipturis
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_113 -- Conidia of Botryosphaeria pipturi anamorph 13_113 - Conidia of Botryosphaeria pipturi anamorph
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_114 -- unknown spores from Hawaiian holly leaf spots 13_114 - unknown spores from Hawaiian holly leaf spots
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_115 -- unknown spores from Hawaiian holly leaf spots 13_115 - unknown spores from Hawaiian holly leaf spots
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_116 -- Asci and ascospores from Soapberry (Sapindus saponaria) leaf spots (Mycosphaerella) 13_116 - Asci and ascospores from Soapberry (Sapindus saponaria) leaf spots (Mycosphaerella)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_117 -- Asci and ascospores from Soapberry leaf spots (Mycosphaerella) 13_117 - Asci and ascospores from Soapberry leaf spots (Mycosphaerella)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_119 -- Septoria sp. from Geranium arboreum leaf spot 13_119 - Septoria sp. from Geranium arboreum leaf spot
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_120 -- Selenophoma conididia from Vaccinium leaf 13_120 - Selenophoma conididia from Vaccinium leaf
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
13_121 -- Mycosphaerella from Myrsine 13_121 - Mycosphaerella from Myrsine
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_091 -- checking for Septoria leaf spots 14_091 - checking for Septoria leaf spots
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_092 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_092 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_093 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_093 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_094 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_094 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_095 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_095 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_097 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_097 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_098 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_098 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_099 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_099 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_100 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_100 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_101 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_101 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_102 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_102 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_103 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_103 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
14_105 -- IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS) 14_105 - IMAGE MISSING (NOT FOUND WITH OTHERS)
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_093 -- Ipomoea pes-caprae and view of coast 15_093 - Ipomoea pes-caprae and view of coast
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_094 -- Cassythia filiformis on Canthium odoratum 15_094 - Cassythia filiformis on Canthium odoratum
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_095 -- Cassythia filiformis on Canthium odoratum 15_095 - Cassythia filiformis on Canthium odoratum
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_096 -- Korthalsella complanata on Ohia 15_096 - Korthalsella complanata on Ohia
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_097 -- unidentified fungus associated with Maile leaf tar spot 15_097 - unidentified fungus associated with Maile leaf tar spot
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_098 -- unidentified fungus associated with Maile leaf tar spot 15_098 - unidentified fungus associated with Maile leaf tar spot
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_099 -- spores of ascomycote (ascospores?) from Pelea leaf spot from Kauai 15_099 - spores of ascomycote (ascospores?) from Pelea leaf spot from Kauai
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_100 -- unknown fungus from ohia superficially resembling Fosberg's fungus 15_100 - unknown fungus from ohia superficially resembling Fosberg's fungus
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_101 -- Fosberg's fungus from ohia 15_101 - Fosberg's fungus from ohia
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_102 -- Ascomycote on Pelea leaf spot from Kauai 15_102 - Ascomycote on Pelea leaf spot from Kauai
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_103 -- Ascomycote on Pelea leaf spot from Kauai 15_103 - Ascomycote on Pelea leaf spot from Kauai
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_104 -- Cercospora from Alphitonia ponderosa leaf spot 15_104 - Cercospora from Alphitonia ponderosa leaf spot
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_105 -- Verticillium-like fungus from wilting Koa 15_105 - Verticillium-like fungus from wilting Koa
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_106 -- Ascomycote on Euphorbia peplus associated with Melampsora monticola 15_106 - Ascomycote on Euphorbia peplus associated with Melampsora monticola
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_107 -- Ascomycote on Euphorbia peplus associated with Melampsora monticola 15_107 - Ascomycote on Euphorbia peplus associated with Melampsora monticola
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_108 -- Synema of Spiropes(?) on ohia leaf 15_108 - Synema of Spiropes(?) on ohia leaf
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
15_109 -- Synnematic fungus (Spiropes?) on ohia leaf from Kauai 15_109 - Synnematic fungus (Spiropes?) on ohia leaf from Kauai
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
18_085 -- Septoria leafspot from Vaccinium reticulatum, HAVO 18_085 - Septoria leafspot from Vaccinium reticulatum, HAVO
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
18_087 -- pili grass smut spores Sporisorium caledonidcum 18_087 - pili grass smut spores Sporisorium caledonidcum
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
25_056 -- F. o. passiflorae from wilted stem on water agar 25_056 - F. o. passiflorae from wilted stem on water agar
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
25_057 -- F. o. passiflorae, micro and macro conidia from wilted Passiflorae ligularis stem 25_057 - F. o. passiflorae, micro and macro conidia from wilted Passiflorae ligularis stem
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
25_061 -- Chlamydospores of F. o. passiflorae 25_061 - Chlamydospores of F. o. passiflorae
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
25_062 -- Nectria from Passiflora mollissima stems in incubator 25_062 - Nectria from Passiflora mollissima stems in incubator
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
25_063 -- Nectria from Passiflora mollissima stems in incubator 25_063 - Nectria from Passiflora mollissima stems in incubator
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
25_064 -- Chlamydospores of F. o. passiflorae from wilted stems on water agar 25_064 - Chlamydospores of F. o. passiflorae from wilted stems on water agar
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
25_065 -- Chlamydospores of F. o. passiflorae 25_065 - Chlamydospores of F. o. passiflorae
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_041 -- diseased tree #2 of fertilizer treatment 27_041 - diseased tree #2 of fertilizer treatment
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_050 -- y meiotic nuclei, Palolo Valley Oahu 27_050 - y meiotic nuclei, Palolo Valley Oahu
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_051 -- four meiotic nuclei in Atelocauda koae 27_051 - four meiotic nuclei in Atelocauda koae
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_056 -- 27_056 - "xenostele" sp. III from BPI herbarium specimen - oil immersion
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_057 -- 27_057 - "xenostele" sp. III from BPI herbarium specimen - oil immersion
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_058 -- Myrica faya habitat, Chain of Craters Road, HAVO 27_058 - Myrica faya habitat, Chain of Craters Road, HAVO
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_060 -- adjoining healthy and diseased Dodonaea, Mauna Loa Strip Road 27_060 - adjoining healthy and diseased Dodonaea, Mauna Loa Strip Road
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_061 -- mystery van with lighthouse 27_061 - mystery van with lighthouse
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
27_065 -- Ascomycete on Euphorbia peplus associated with Melampsora monticola 27_065 - Ascomycete on Euphorbia peplus associated with Melampsora monticola
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_058 -- stroma section from mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) gall from Pu'u Wa'wa on Mamalahoa Highway 37_058 - stroma section from mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) gall from Pu'u Wa'wa on Mamalahoa Highway
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_059 -- extruded mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus spores 37_059 - extruded mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus spores
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_061 -- mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus stroma section with microconidia 37_061 - mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus stroma section with microconidia
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_062 -- mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus macroconidia 37_062 - mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus macroconidia
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_063 -- mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus macroconidia 37_063 - mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus macroconidia
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_064 -- section through swell developed Mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus stroma 37_064 - section through swell developed Mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) fungus stroma
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_065 -- Botryosphaeria mamane 37_065 - Botryosphaeria mamane
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_090 -- Septoria from bog ohelo, Waipio valley 37_090 - Septoria from bog ohelo, Waipio valley
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_091 -- Septoria from tree ohelo, HAVO, 1985 specimen 37_091 - Septoria from tree ohelo, HAVO, 1985 specimen
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_092 -- Septoria from tree ohelo, freshly collected 37_092 - Septoria from tree ohelo, freshly collected
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_098 -- Coccidiella miconiae ascus from quarantine from Brazil 37_098 - Coccidiella miconiae ascus from quarantine from Brazil
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
37_099 -- microsope view 37_099 - microsope view
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
45_018 -- Puccinia rutainsulara 45_018 - Puccinia rutainsulara
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
45_019 -- Puccinia rutainsulara 45_019 - Puccinia rutainsulara
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
45_020 -- Puccinia rutainsulara 45_020 - Puccinia rutainsulara
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
45_021 -- Puccinia rutainsulara 45_021 - Puccinia rutainsulara
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
45_052 -- Senecio madagascariensis biocontrol with Puccinia lagenophorae, aeciocioid urediniospores 45_052 - Senecio madagascariensis biocontrol with Puccinia lagenophorae, aeciocioid urediniospores
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
45_053 -- Senecio madagascariensis biocontrol with Puccinia lagenophorae, teliospores 45_053 - Senecio madagascariensis biocontrol with Puccinia lagenophorae, teliospores
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus

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