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Gardner, D. E., J. L. McMeans, C. M. Brown, L. L. Parker, and R. M. Bilbrey. 1973. Studies of Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxins in cottonseed at Safford, Arizona. (Abstr.). P. 36 in: National Council Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conference, (Publ.). Proceedings of the 27th Cotton Defoliation-Physiology Conference, 9-10 January, 1973. Phoenix, Arizona.
ABSTRACT
Although production of aflatoxin by Aspergillus flavus in cotton seed has in recent years been recognized as a potential problem in California and Arizona, the Safford area of Arizona appears to be largely free of the problem. Possible reasons for lack of aflatoxin production in this area were evaluated and investigated. The following were considered: (a) Lack of A. flavus inoculum, (b) Prevalence of nonproducing strains because of selection: (c) Climatic conditions unfavorable for aflatoxin production, even though infection with potentially producing strains occurs. Bright greenish yellow (BGY) fluorescence was absent in ginned Safford-grown seed harvested in 1971. BGY fluorescence under UV light has been accepted as a reliable indication of primary infection by A. flavus in cotton. As indicated by the failure by BG Y fluorescence to be observed, only trace amounts of aflatoxin were detected in this seed after extraction procedures. However. low inoculum potential would probably not account for failure of aflatoxin to be detected or of BGY fluorescence to be observed, since A. flavus was readily isolated from this seed. The majority of such isolates were found to be aflatoxin producers under laboratory conditions. Climatic factors therefore may be responsible for degradation or lack of production. The reason for lack of BGY fluorescence in the A. flavus - infected seed is currently under investigation.

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HOSTS
Cotton sp. - Cotton

PATHOGENS
Aspergillus flavus - Aspergillus

RELEVANT TO BIOCONTROL
No.

KEY WORDS
Cotton, Aspergillus flavus.

IMAGES
01_079 -- upper row steamed, lower row non-steamed soil; CO2 =.03%, O2 = 5-21%; CO2 = 7-15%, O2 = 21%; CO2 =7%, O2 = 10% 01_079 - upper row steamed, lower row non-steamed soil; CO2 =.03%, O2 = 5-21%; CO2 = 7-15%, O2 = 21%; CO2 =7%, O2 = 10%
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_081 -- vf7/1246 grafted greeen stem (vf7 portion) abnormal phloem 01_081 - vf7/1246 grafted greeen stem (vf7 portion) abnormal phloem
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_082 -- vf7/1246 grafted green stem (vf7 portion) abnormal phloem c 01_082 - vf7/1246 grafted green stem (vf7 portion) abnormal phloem c
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_083 -- phloem of healthy vf7 01_083 - phloem of healthy vf7
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_084 -- phloem of healthy vf7 01_084 - phloem of healthy vf7
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_085 -- 3 diseased LB plants; LB/ dentatum grafts (diseased), plants all same age 01_085 - 3 diseased LB plants; LB/ dentatum grafts (diseased), plants all same age
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_086 -- 2 diseased LB plants; two diseased LB/dentatum grafts 01_086 - 2 diseased LB plants; two diseased LB/dentatum grafts
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_087 -- both plants same age; LB with curly top, healthy, control, no grafts 01_087 - both plants same age; LB with curly top, healthy, control, no grafts
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_088 -- 1 month after inoculation, same age plants, LB and LB/dentatum graft 01_088 - 1 month after inoculation, same age plants, LB and LB/dentatum graft
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_089 -- 1 month after inoculation, same age plants, LB and LB/dentatum graft 01_089 - 1 month after inoculation, same age plants, LB and LB/dentatum graft
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus
01_090 -- 1 month after inoculation, 2 LB, 2 LB/dentatum grafts, healthy LB 01_090 - 1 month after inoculation, 2 LB, 2 LB/dentatum grafts, healthy LB
PATHOGEN: Aspergillus melleus

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