Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
Risk Assessments
Risk assessments for species beginning with
the letters "P" and "Q":
| Scientific Name | Family | Common name | Risk assessment | Country or Area | Score | Recommendation |
| Pachira aquatica | Bombaceae | Malabar chestnut | Assessment |
Pacific |
-6 |
low risk |
| Pachystachys lutea | Acanthaceae | yellow shrimp plant | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk |
| Paederia cruddasiana | Rubiaceae | sewervine | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 2 | evaluate |
|
Rubiaceae |
maile pilau |
Pacific |
21 |
high risk |
||
| Paederia foetida | Rubiaceae | skunk vine | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 19 | reject |
| Pandanus pygmaeus | Pandanaceae | small screwpine | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Pandorea jasminoides | Bignoniaceae | jasmin pandorea | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Panicum maximum | Poaceae | Guinea grass | Assessment | Pacific | 17 | high risk |
| Panicum maximum var. jacq | Poaceae | Guinea grass | Assessment | Australia | 6 | reject |
| Panicum maximum var. trichoglume | Poaceae | Guinea grass | Assessment | Australia | 16 | reject |
| Panicum repens | Poaceae | torpedo grass | Assessment | Australia | 9 | more information |
| Panicum virgatum | Poaceae | switchgrass | Assessment | Pacific | 11 | high risk |
| Papaver oreophilum | Papaveraceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 2 | accept* | |
| Pararchidendron pruinosum | Fabaceae | snowwood | Assessment | Pacific | 1 | evaluate |
| Paraserianthes lophantha | Fabaceae | mountain albizia | Assessment | Pacific | 10.5 | high risk |
| Parkia speciosa | Fabaceae | petai | Assessment | Pacific | -3 | low risk |
| Parkinsonia aculeata | Fabaceae | parkinsonia | Assessment | Australia | 15 | reject |
| Parkinsonia aculeata | Fabaceae | parkinsonia | Assessment | Pacific | 20 | high risk |
| Parkinsonia aculeata | Fabaceae | parkinsonia | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 18 | reject |
| Parmentiera aculeata | Bignoniaceae | cucumber tree | Assessment | Pacific | 9 | high risk |
| Parmentiera cereifera | Bignoniaceae | candle tree | Assessment | Pacific | -1 | low risk |
| Parthenium hysterophorus | Asteraceae | parthenium weed | Assessment | Australia | 18 | reject |
| Paspalum conjugatum | Poaceae | T grass | Assessment | Pacific | 28 | high risk |
| Paspalum dilatatum | Poaceae | dallis grass | Assessment | Australia | 9 | reject |
| Paspalum dilatatum | Poaceae | dallis grass | Assessment | Pacific | 12 | high risk |
| Paspalum notatum | Poaceae | Bahia grass | Assessment | Pacific | 16 | high risk |
| Paspalum paniculatum | Poaceae | Russell river grass | Assessment | Australia | 9 | reject |
| Paspalum urvillei | Poaceae | Vasey grass | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 13 | reject |
|
Poaceae |
seashore paspalum |
Pacific |
7 |
high risk |
||
| Passiflora biflora |
Passifloraceae |
twin-flowered passion vine | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 5 | accept |
| Passiflora coriacea | Passifloraceae | bat-leafed passion flower | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 2 | evaluate |
| Passiflora edulis | Passifloraceae | purple granadilla | Assessment | Pacific | 6 | low risk* |
| Passiflora foetida | Passifloraceae | stinking passionflower | Assessment | Pacific | 26 | high risk |
| Passiflora incarnata | Passifloraceae | maypop passionflower | Assessment | Australia | 8 | reject |
| Passiflora mexicana | Passifloraceae | Mexican passiflora | Assessment | Pacific | 4 | evaluate |
| Passiflora quadrangularis | Passifloraceae | giant granadilla | Assessment | Pacific | 11 | high risk |
| Passiflora rubra | Passifloraceae | red passionfruit | Assessment | Pacific | 9 | high risk |
| Passiflora suberosa | Passifloraceae | corky passionflower | Assessment | Pacific | 12 | high risk |
| Passiflora tarminiana | Passifloraceae | banana poka | Assessment | Pacific | 24 | high risk |
|
Passifloraceae |
crimson passion flower |
Pacific |
11 |
high risk |
||
| Paulownia elongata | Scrophulariaceae | paulownia | Assessment | Pacific | -1 | low risk |
|
Paulownia fortunei |
Scrophulariaceae |
empress diamond |
Pacific |
1 |
low risk* |
|
| Paulownia kawakamii | Scrophulariaceae | kawakami paulownia | Assessment | Pacific | - | low risk |
| Paulownia tomentosa | Scrophulariaceae | paulownia | Assessment | Australia | 7 | reject |
| Paulownia tomentosa | Scrophulariaceae | paulownia | Assessment | Pacific | 9 | high risk |
| Pavonia dasypetala | Malvaceae | pavonia | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | -2 | accept |
| Pedilanthus tithymaloides | Euphorbiaceae | milkbush | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
|
Pelargonium peltatum |
Geraniaceae |
ivyleaf geranium |
Pacific |
0 |
low risk |
|
| Pellionia repens | Urticaceae | trailing watermelon begonia | Assessment | Pacific | -2 | low risk |
| Peltogyne purpurea | Fabaceae | purpleheart | Assessment | Pacific | -2 | low risk |
| Peltophorum pterocarpum | Fabaceae | yellow flame tree | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk |
| Pennisetum clandestinum | Poaceae | kikuyu grass | Assessment | Australia | 12 | reject |
| Pennisetum clandestinum | Poaceae | kikuyu grass | Assessment | Pacific | 18 | high risk |
| Pennisetum glaucum | Poaceae | pearl millet | Assessment | Pacific | 12 | high risk |
| Pennisetum glaucum var. 'purple majesty' | Poaceae | ornamental pearl millet | Assessment | Pacific | 3 | low risk* |
| Pennisetum macrourum | Poaceae | African feathergrass | Assessment | Australia | 26 | reject |
| Pennisetum petiolare | Poaceae | petioled fountaingrass | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Pennisetum polystachion | Poaceae | mission grass | Assessment | Australia | 11 | reject |
| Pennisetum purpureum | Poaceae | elephant grass | Assessment | Australia | 10 | reject |
| Pennisetum purpureum | Poaceae | elephant grass | Assessment | Pacific | 16 | high risk |
| Pennisetum purpureum | Poaceae | elephant grass | Assessment | U.S. | 18 | reject |
| Pennisetum purpureum | Poaceae | elephant grass | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 18 | reject |
|
Poaceae |
fountain grass |
Pacific |
26 |
high risk |
||
| Pennisetum setaceum | Poaceae | fountain grass | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 20 | reject |
| Pennisetum villosum | Poaceae | feathertop | Assessment | Pacific | 24 | high risk |
|
Apocynaceae |
wild allamanda |
Pacific |
9 |
high risk |
||
| Pentas lanceolata | Rubiaceae | Egyptian star cluster | Assessment | Pacific | 5 | evaluate |
|
Peperomia obtusifolia |
Piperaceae |
baby rubberplant |
Pacific |
-4 |
low risk |
|
| Pereskia aculeata | Cactaceae | Barbados gooseberry | Assessment | Pacific | 13 | high risk |
| Pereskia bleo | Cactaceae | wax rose | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Pereskia grandifolia | Cactaceae | rose cactus | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Pereskia lychnidiflora | Cactaceae | arbol del matrimonio | Assessment | Pacific | -1 | low risk |
| Persea americana | Lauraceae | avocado | Assessment | Pacific | 3 | low risk* |
| Persicaria capitata | Polygonaceae | pink knotweed | Assessment | Pacific | 13 | high risk |
| Persicaria chinensis | Polygonaceae | Chinese knotweed | Assessment | Pacific | 14 | high risk |
| Persicaria microcephala | Polygonaceae | fleeceflower | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 0 | accept |
| Persicaria tectoria | Polygonaceae | Chinese indigo | Assessment | Pacific | 4 | low risk* |
|
Petrea volubilis |
Verbenaceae |
sandpaper vine |
Pacific |
-1 |
low risk |
|
| Petroselinum crispum | Apiaceae | parsley | Assessment | Pacific | -1 | low risk |
| Phacelia tanacetifolia | Boraginaceae | phacelia | Assessment | Pacific | 5 | evaluate |
| Philadelphus karwinskyanus | Hydrangeaceae | evergreen mock orange | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
|
Philodendron scandens |
Araceae |
heart-leaf philodendron |
Pacific |
-3 |
low risk |
|
| Philodendron scandens | Araceae | heart-leaf philodendron | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 0 | accept |
| Phoenix dactylifera | Arecaceae | date palm | Assessment | Pacific | 10 | high risk |
| Phoenix reclinata | Arecaceae | Senegal date palm | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 5 | evaluate |
|
Phoenix roebelenii |
Arecaceae |
pygmy date palm |
Pacific |
-5 |
low risk |
|
| Phoenix roebelenii | Arecaceae | pygmy date palm | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 5 | evaluate |
| Phormium tenax | Agavaceae | New Zealand flax | Assessment | Pacific | 8 | high risk |
| Photinia davidiana | Rosaceae | photinia | Assessment | Pacific | -2 | low risk |
| Phyla nodiflora | Verbenaceae | matchweed | Assessment | Pacific | 5 | high risk* |
| Phyllanthus acidus | Euphorbiaceae | gooseberry-tree | Assessment | Pacific | 4 | low risk* |
| Phyllanthus reticulatus | Euphorbiaceae | potato bush | Assessment | Pacific | 12 | high risk |
| Phyllanthus urinaria | Euphorbiaceae | common leafflower | Assessment | Australia | 12 | reject |
| Phyllanthus urinaria | Euphorbiaceae | chamberbitter | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 13 | reject |
| Phyllostachys aurea | Poaceae | golden bamboo | Assessment | Pacific | 9 | high risk |
| Phyllostachys nigra | Poaceae | black bamboo | Assessment | Pacific | 12 | high risk |
| Phymatosorus scolopendria | Polypodiaceae | monarch fern | Assessment | Pacific | 6 | evaluate** |
| Phytolacca dioica | Phytolaccaeae | ombu | Assessment | Pacific | 9 | high risk |
| Picea engelmannii | Pinaceae | Engelmann spruce | Assessment | Pacific | -0.5 | low risk |
| Picea pungens | Pinaceae | Colorado blue spruce | Assessment | Pacific | 1 | evaluate |
| Pilea cadierei | Urticaceae | aluminum plant | Assessment | Pacific | -5 | low risk |
| Pilea hyalina | Urticaceae | virdrillo | Assessment | Pacific | 8 | high risk |
| Pilea microphylla | Urticaceae | artillery plant | Assessment | Pacific | 6 | evaluate |
| Pilea nummulariifolia | Urticaceae | creeping Charlie | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Pilea nummulariifolia | Urticaceae | creeping Charlie | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 11 | reject |
| Pimenta dioica | Myrtaceae | pimento | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Pimenta racemosa | Myrtaceae | bay tree | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Pinanga coronata | Arecaceae | ivory cane palm | Assessment | Pacific | 2 | evaluate |
| Pinellia peltata | Araceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 3 | accept* | |
| Pinus elliottii | Pinaceae | slash pine | Assessment | Pacific | 2 | evaluate |
| Pinus nigra | Pinaceae | black pine | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
|
Pinaceae |
Monterey pine |
Pacific |
5 |
evaluate |
||
| Pinus strobus | Pinaceae | white pine | Assessment | Pacific | 9 | high risk |
| Pinus taeda | Pinaceae | loblolly pine | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Pinus thunbergii | Pinaceae | Japanese black pine | Assessment | Pacific | 8 | high risk |
| Piper aduncum | Piperaceae | spiked pepper | Assessment | Pacific | 18 | high risk |
| Piper auritum | Piperaceae | eared pepper | Assessment | Pacific | 10 | high risk |
| Piper methysticum | Piperaceae | kava | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk* |
| Piptatherum miliaceum | Poaceae | rice millet | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Pistacia chinensis | Anacardiaceae | Chinese pistachio | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 1 | evaluate |
| Pistia stratiotes | Araceae | tropical duckweed | Assessment | Australia | 18 | reject |
| Pitcairnia karwinskyana | Bromeliaceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | -3 | accept | |
|
Fabaceae |
Madras thorn |
Pacific |
14 |
high risk |
||
| Pittosporum resiniferum | Pittosporaceae | petroleum nut | Assessment | Pacific | 6 | evaluate |
| Pittosporum rubiginosum | Pittosporaceae | hairy red pittosporum | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | -3 | accept |
| Pittosporum tobira | Pittosporaceae | Japanese cheesewood | Assessment | Pacific | 3.5 | evaluate |
| Pittosporum undulatum | Pittosporaceae | Victorian box | Assessment | Pacific | 10 | high risk |
| Pittosporum viridiflorum | Pittosporaceae | cape cheesewood | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Pityrogramma calomelanos | Pteridaceae | silverback fern | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 12 | reject |
|
Platycladus orientalis |
Cupressaceae |
oriental arborvitae |
Pacific |
-6 |
low risk |
|
| Plectranthus neochilus | Lamiaceae | spur flower | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Plectranthus prostratus | Lamiaceae | pillow plant | Assessment | Pacific | 5 | low risk* |
|
Pleiostachya pruinosa |
Marantaceae | prayer plant | Assessment | Pacific | 2 | low risk* |
|
Plinia edulis |
Myrtaceae | Cambucá | Assessment | Pacific | -3 | low risk |
| Pluchea carolinensis | Asteraceae | sourbush | Assessment | Pacific | 15 | high risk |
| Pluchea indica | Asteraceae | Indian fleabane | Assessment | Pacific | 11 | high risk |
|
Plumbago auriculata |
Plumbaginaceae |
cape leadwort |
Pacific |
6 |
low risk* |
|
| Plumeria obtusa | Apocynaceae | evergreen frangipani | Assessment |
Pacific |
-6 |
low risk |
| Plumeria pudica | Apocynaceae | fiddle-leaf plumeria | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk |
|
Plumeria rubra |
Apocynaceae |
frangipani |
Pacific |
-5 |
low risk |
|
| Poa annua | Poaceae | annual bluegrass | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 26 | reject |
| Poa pratensis | Poaceae | Kentucky bluegrass | Assessment | Pacific | 14 | high risk |
| Poa pratensis | Poaceae | Kentucky bluegrass | Assessment | United States | high risk | |
| Podocarpus chinensis | Podocarpaceae | maki | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk |
|
Podocarpus elatus |
Podocarpaceae |
plum pine |
Pacific |
-2 |
low risk |
|
| Podocarpus gracilior | Podocarpaceae | African fern pine |
Pacific |
0 |
low risk |
|
| Podocarpus henkelii | Podocarpaceae | Henkel's yellow wood | Assessment | Pacific | 2 | evaluate |
| Podocarpus macrophyllus | Podocarpaceae | Japanese yes |
Pacific |
-3 |
low risk |
|
| Podranea ricasoliana | Bignoniaceae | pink trumpet vine | Assessment | Pacific | 3 | evaluate |
| Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula | Annonaceae | mast tree | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk |
| Polygonatum kingianum | Asparagaceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 1 | accept* | |
| Polypogon monspeliensis | Poaceae | rabbitfoot grass | Assessment | Pacific | 18 | high risk |
| Polyscias cumingiana | Araliaceae | fern-leaf aralia | Assessment | Pacific | 3 | evaluate |
|
Polyscias fruticosa |
Arailiaceae |
Ming Aralia |
Pacific |
-1 |
low risk |
|
| Polyscias guilfoylei | Arailiaceae | coffeetree | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Polyscias nodosa | Arailiaceae | dog-bone tree | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
|
Pongamia pinnata |
Fabaceae |
Indian beech |
Pacific |
7 |
high risk** |
|
| Poranopsis paniculata | Convolvulaceae | bridal bouquet | Pacific | -5 | low risk | |
| Portlandia grandiflora | Rubiaceae | bellflower | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk |
| Portulaca grandiflora | Portulacaceae | moss-rose | Assessment | Pacific | 9 | high risk |
| Portulaca oleracea | Portulacaceae | common purslane | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 23 | reject |
| Portulacaria afra | Didiereaceae | Dwarf Jade Plant | Assessment | Pacific | 5 | evaluate |
|
Posoqueria latifolia |
Rubiaceae |
monkey apple |
Pacific |
-2 |
low risk |
|
|
Potentilla verna |
Rosaceae |
spring cinquefoil |
Pacific |
-2 |
low risk |
|
| Pouteria caimito | Sapotaceae | caimito | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk |
| Pouteria campechiana | Sapotaceae | yellow sapote | Assessment | Pacific | -3 | low risk |
| Pouteria sapota | Sapotaceae | mamey sapote | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | -3 | accept |
| Praxelis clematidea | Asteraceae | praxelis | Assessment | Pacific | 25 | high risk |
| Premna odorata | Verbenaceae | alagau | Assessment | Pacific | -1 | low risk |
|
Pritchardia pacifica |
Arecaceae |
Fiji fan palm |
Pacific |
-4 |
low risk |
|
| Pritchardia thurstonii | Arecaceae | Thurston's fan palm | Assessment | Pacific | -4 | low risk |
| Prosopis glandulosa | Fabaceae | honey mesquite | Assessment | Pacific | 19 | high risk |
|
Fabaceae |
thorny kiawe |
Pacific |
19 |
high risk |
||
| Prosopis pallida | Fabaceae | mesquite | Assessment | Australia | 20 | reject |
| Protium glabrum | Burseraceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | -4 | accept | |
| Prunus cerasifera | Rosaceae | cherry plum | Assessment | Pacific | 8 | high risk |
| Prunus grisea | Rosaceae | amongyang | Assessment | Pacific | 2 | evaluate |
| Pseuderanthemum carruthersii | Acanthaceae | false eranthemum | Assessment | Pacific | 1 | low risk* |
| Pseuderanthemum graciliflorum | Acanthaceae | blue crossandra | Assessment | Pacific | 1 | low risk* |
|
Pseudobombax ellipticum |
Bombacaceae |
shavingbrush tree |
Pacific |
-2 |
low risk |
|
| Pseudodracontium harmandii | Araceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 0 | accept | |
| Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides | Asteraceae | Mexican flame vine | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
|
Pseudomussaenda flava |
Rubiaceae |
dwarf yellow mussaenda |
Pacific |
-6 |
low risk |
|
| Pseudosamanea guachapele | Fabaceae | chime tree | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Pseudotsuga menziesii | Pinace | Douglas-fir | Assessment | Pacific | 5.5 | evaluate |
| Psidium cattleianum | Myrtaceae | strawberry guava | Assessment | Pacific | 18 | high risk |
| Psidium guajava | Myrtaceae | guava | Assessment | Pacific | 21 | high risk |
| Psidium guineense | Myrtaceae | Guinea guava | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Psychotria carthagenensis | Rubiaceae | cafecillo | Assessment | Pacific | 2 | high risk* |
| Psychotria chiapensis | Rubiaceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | -5 | accept | |
| Psychotria viridis | Rubiaceae | chacruna | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Pteris multifida | Pteridaceae | spider brake | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 9 | reject |
|
Pterocarpus dalbergioides |
Fabaceae |
Andaman redwood |
Pacific |
-3 |
low risk |
|
|
Fabaceae |
Burmese rosewood |
Pacific |
4 |
evaluate |
||
| Pterocarpus rohrii | Fabaceae | bloodwood | Assessment | Pacific | 0 | low risk |
| Pterolepis glomerata | Melastomataceae | false meadow beauty | Assessment | Pacific | 11 | high risk |
| Ptychosperma elegans | Arecaceae | Alexander palm | Assessment | Pacific | 2 | evaluate |
| Ptychosperma macarthurii | Arecaceae | Macarthur palm | Assessment | Pacific | 1 | high risk* |
| Pueraria montana var. lobata | Fabaceae | kudzu | Assessment | Australia | 9 | reject |
| Pueraria montana var. lobata | Fabaceae | kudzu |
Analysis Report |
Europe | prohibit introduction | |
| Pueraria montana var. lobata | Fabaceae | kudzu | Assessment | Pacific | 24 | high risk |
| Pueraria phaseoloides | Fabaceae | tropical kudzu | Assessment | Australia | 5 | evaluate |
| Pueraria phaseoloides | Fabaceae | tropical kudzu | Assessment | Pacific | 17 | high risk |
| Pulsatilla violacea | Ranunculaceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | 0 | accept | |
| Punica granatum | Punicaceae | pomegranate |
Pacific |
3.5 |
low risk* |
|
| Pyracantha angustifolia | Rosaceae | firethorn | Assessment | Australia | 18 | reject |
| Pyracantha angustifolia | Rosaceae | firethorn | Assessment | Pacific | 13 | high risk |
| Pyracantha crenatoserrata | Rosaceae | firethorn | Assessment | Pacific | 5 | high risk* |
| Pyracantha koidzumii | Rosaceae | Fomosa firethorn | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Pyrgophyllum yunnanensis | Zingiberaceae | Assessment | U.S. (Florida) | -2 | accept | |
| Pyrostegia venusta | Bignoniaceae | flame vine | Assessment | Pacific | 7 | high risk |
| Pyrrosia piloselloides | Polypodiaceae | dragons scale fern | Assessment | Pacific | 6 | high risk |
*Accepted or rejected based on
second screen.
**Native or early introduction in the Pacific region (excluding Hawaii).
Need more info? Have questions? Comments? Information to contribute? Contact PIER!
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This page updated 26 October 2012