Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)


Tristellateia australasiae


RISK ASSESSMENT RESULTS: Low risk, score: -3


Australian/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Hawai‘i.

Research directed by C. Daehler (UH Botany) with funding from the Kaulunani Urban Forestry Program and US Forest Service

Information on Risk Assessments
Original risk assessment

Tristellateia australasiae A. Rich.; shower of gold climber, Galphimia vine, maiden's jealousy, Australian gold vine, climbing spray of gold, bagnit vine

Answer

1.01

Is the species highly domesticated?

y=-3, n=0

n

1.02

Has the species become naturalized where grown?

y=-1, n=-1

n

1.03

Does the species have weedy races?

y=-1, n=-1

n

2.01

Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) – If island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute “wet tropical” for “tropical or subtropical”

See Append 2

2

2.02

Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) see appendix 2

2

2.03

Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)

y=1, n=0

2.04

Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates

y=1, n=0

y

2.05

Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2

?=-1, n=0

y

3.01

Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2), n= question 2.05

n

3.02

Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

3.03

Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

3.04

Environmental weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

3.05

Congeneric weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2)

n=0

n

4.01

Produces spines, thorns or burrs

y=1, n=0

n

4.02

Allelopathic

y=1, n=0

n

4.03

Parasitic

y=1, n=0

n

4.04

Unpalatable to grazing animals

y=1, n=-1

4.05

Toxic to animals

y=1, n=0

n

4.06

Host for recognized pests and pathogens

y=1, n=0

n

4.07

Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans

y=1, n=0

n

4.08

Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems

y=1, n=0

n

4.09

Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle

y=1, n=0

n

4.1

Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island)

y=1, n=0

4.11

Climbing or smothering growth habit

y=1, n=0

y

4.12

Forms dense thickets

y=1, n=0

n

5.01

Aquatic

y=5, n=0

n

5.02

Grass

y=1, n=0

n

5.03

Nitrogen fixing woody plant

y=1, n=0

n

5.04

Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers)

y=1, n=0

n

6.01

Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat

y=1, n=0

n

6.02

Produces viable seed.

y=1, n=-1

y

6.03

Hybridizes naturally

y=1, n=-1

6.04

Self-compatible or apomictic

y=1, n=-1

6.05

Requires specialist pollinators

y=-1, n=0

n

6.06

Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation

y=1, n=-1

n

6.07

Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1

See left

7.01

Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked areas)

y=1, n=-1

n

7.02

Propagules dispersed intentionally by people

y=1, n=-1

y

7.03

Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant

y=1, n=-1

n

7.04

Propagules adapted to wind dispersal

y=1, n=-1

y

7.05

Propagules water dispersed

y=1, n=-1

y

7.06

Propagules bird dispersed

y=1, n=-1

n

7.07

Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally)

y=1, n=-1

n

7.08

Propagules survive passage through the gut

y=1, n=-1

n

8.01

Prolific seed production (>1000/m2)

y=1, n=-1

n

8.02

Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr)

y=1, n=-1

8.03

Well controlled by herbicides

y=-1, n=1

8.04

Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire

y=1, n=-1

8.05

Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents)

y=-1, n=1

Total score:

-3

Supporting data:

Notes

Source

1.01

no evidence

1.02

no evidence

1.03

no evidence

2.01

Distributional range:
Native: (links to other web resources are provided for some distributions)
ASIA-TEMPERATE
Eastern Asia: Taiwan
ASIA-TROPICAL
Indo-China: Thailand; Vietnam [s.]
Malesia: Indonesia; Malaysia; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
AUSTRALASIA
Australia: Australia - Queensland
PACIFIC
Northwestern Pacific: Micronesia
Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia
Other:
cultivated elsewhere

USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program.
Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database].
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/tax_search.pl?Tristellateia+australasiae (22 January 2005)

2.02

2.03

(1)Grown in Japan [suggesting some temperate tolerance] (2)Forests near seaside.

(1)http://www.alpine-plants-jp.com/art_b/index_photo2c31.htm (2)http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/mss/volume11/Malpighiaceae-MO_edited.htm

2.04

Distributional range:
Native: (links to other web resources are provided for some distributions)
ASIA-TEMPERATE
Eastern Asia: Taiwan
ASIA-TROPICAL
Indo-China: Thailand; Vietnam [s.]
Malesia: Indonesia; Malaysia; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
AUSTRALASIA
Australia: Australia - Queensland
PACIFIC
Northwestern Pacific: Micronesia
Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia
Other:
cultivated elsewhere

USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program.
Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database].
National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/tax_search.pl?Tristellateia+australasiae (22 January 2005)

2.05

widely if not commonly cultivated in the tropics

Whistler, A.W. (2000) Tropical Ornamentals: A Guide. Timber Press, Inc., Portland, Oregon. 542pp. p.470

3.01

no evidence

3.02

no evidence

3.03

no evidence

3.04

no evidence

3.05

no evidence

4.01

no description of these traits

Whistler, A.W. (2000) Tropical Ornamentals: A Guide. Timber Press, Inc., Portland, Oregon. 542pp. p.470

4.02

no evidence

4.03

no evidence

4.04

no evidence

4.05

no evidence

4.06

no evidence

4.07

no evidence

4.08

no evidence

4.09

(1) full sun-semi shade; (2) vegetation types: dunes and back dune vegetation, degraded and other vegetation types (3)sun-loving

(1) http://www.toptropicals.com/cgi-bin/garden_catalog/cat.cgi?number=5&find=Malpighiaceae (2) http://www.mnhn.fr/publication/adanson/a01n1a5.pdf (3)www.nparks.gov.sg/publications/handbook/Appendix1.pdf

4.1

species found on both calcareous and other substrates but not on ultramaficsp; vegetation types: dunes and back dune vegetation, degraded and other vegetation types.

http://www.mnhn.fr/publication/adanson/a01n1a5.pdf

4.11

liana

Whistler, A.W. (2000) Tropical Ornamentals: A Guide. Timber Press, Inc., Portland, Oregon. 542pp. p.470

4.12

no evidence

5.01

terrestrial

5.02

liana, Malpighiaceae

5.03

no evidence

5.04

liana

6.01

no evidence

6.02

"10 were sea-dispersed taxa: Opuntia elatior, Intsia amboinensis, Tristellateia australasiae, Cyperus odoratus …"

Robert J. Whittaker1, Richard Field1* and , Tukirin Partomihardjo (2000) How to go extinct: lessons from the lost plants of Krakatau. Journal of Biogeography. Volume 27 Issue 5 Page 1049 - September 2000

6.03

no evidence

6.04

no evidence

6.05

attract butterflies

http://www.toptropicals.com/cgi-bin/garden_catalog/cat.cgi?number=5&find=Malpighiaceae

6.06

no evidence

6.07

don't know

7.01

no evidence

7.02

widely if not commonly cultivated in the tropics

Whistler, A.W. (2000) Tropical Ornamentals: A Guide. Timber Press, Inc., Portland, Oregon. 542pp. p.470

7.03

no evidence

7.04

picture of the fruit, winged, about 1.1 cm in diameter

http://www.ntsec.gov.tw/activity/race-1/43/pdf/e/040713.pdf (p.21)

7.05

"10 were sea-dispersed taxa: Opuntia elatior, Intsia amboinensis, Tristellateia australasiae, Cyperus odoratus …"

Robert J. Whittaker1, Richard Field1* and , Tukirin Partomihardjo (2000) How to go extinct: lessons from the lost plants of Krakatau. Journal of Biogeography. Volume 27 Issue 5 Page 1049 - September 2000

7.06

fruit a three-parted capsule, each part like a seven-rayed star.

Whistler, A.W. (2000) Tropical Ornamentals: A Guide. Timber Press, Inc., Portland, Oregon. 542pp. p.470

7.07

winged, about 1.1 cm in diameter [wind dispersed]

http://www.ntsec.gov.tw/activity/race-1/43/pdf/e/040713.pdf (p.21)

7.08

fruit a capsule, no evidence of ingestion

8.01

(1) picture of the fruit, winged, about 1.1 cm in diameter
(2) fruit a three-parted capsule, each part like a seven-rayed star [ relatively large fruit containing few seeds]

(1) http://www.ntsec.gov.tw/activity/race-1/43/pdf/e/040713.pdf (p.21)(2) Whistler, A.W. (2000) Tropical Ornamentals: A Guide. Timber Press, Inc., Portland, Oregon. 542pp. p.470

8.02

no evidence

8.03

no evidence

8.04

no evidence

8.05

no evidence


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