Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
Tibouchina granulosa
RISK ASSESSMENT RESULTS: Low risk, score: 1 (low risk based on second screen)
|
Australian/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Hawai‘i. Information on Risk Assessments Original risk assessment |
| Tibouchina granulosa (Brazilian glory tree, purple glory bush) Family - Melastomaceae. Synonym - Melastoma granulosum Desr. | Answer | Score | |
| 1.01 | Is the species highly domesticated? (If answer is 'no' then go to question 2.01) | n | 0 |
| 1.02 | Has the species become naturalized where grown? | ||
| 1.03 | Does the species have weedy races? | ||
| 2.01 | Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) – If island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute “wet tropical” for “tropical or subtropical” | 2 | |
| 2.02 | Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) see appendix 2 | 2 | |
| 2.03 | Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) | y | 1 |
| 2.04 | Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates | y | 1 |
| 2.05 | Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2 | y | |
| 3.01 | Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2), n= question 2.05 | n | -2 |
| 3.02 | Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.03 | Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.04 | Environmental weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2) | n | 0 |
| 3.05 | Congeneric weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2) | y | 2 |
| 4.01 | Produces spines, thorns or burrs | n | 0 |
| 4.02 | Allelopathic | n | 0 |
| 4.03 | Parasitic | n | 0 |
| 4.04 | Unpalatable to grazing animals | ||
| 4.05 | Toxic to animals | n | 0 |
| 4.06 | Host for recognized pests and pathogens | n | 0 |
| 4.07 | Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans | n | 0 |
| 4.08 | Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems | n | 0 |
| 4.09 | Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle | n | 0 |
| 4.1 | Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) | y | 1 |
| 4.11 | Climbing or smothering growth habit | n | 0 |
| 4.12 | Forms dense thickets | n | 0 |
| 5.01 | Aquatic | n | 0 |
| 5.02 | Grass | n | 0 |
| 5.03 | Nitrogen fixing woody plant | n | 0 |
| 5.04 | Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) | n | 0 |
| 6.01 | Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat | n | 0 |
| 6.02 | Produces viable seed. | y | 1 |
| 6.03 | Hybridizes naturally | ||
| 6.04 | Self-compatible or apomictic | ||
| 6.05 | Requires specialist pollinators | ||
| 6.06 | Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation | n | -1 |
| 6.07 | Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 | 3 | 0 |
| 7.01 | Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked areas) | n | -1 |
| 7.02 | Propagules dispersed intentionally by people | y | 1 |
| 7.03 | Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant | n | -1 |
| 7.04 | Propagules adapted to wind dispersal | y | 1 |
| 7.05 | Propagules water dispersed | n | -1 |
| 7.06 | Propagules bird dispersed | n | -1 |
| 7.07 | Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) | n | -1 |
| 7.08 | Propagules survive passage through the gut | n | -1 |
| 8.01 | Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) | y | 1 |
| 8.02 | Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) | ||
| 8.03 | Well controlled by herbicides | ||
| 8.04 | Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire | y | 1 |
| 8.05 | Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) | ||
| Total score: | 1 | ||
| Second screening | Low risk |
Supporting data:
| Notes | Reference | |
| 1.01 | No evidence. | |
| 1.02 | ||
| 1.03 | ||
| 2.01 | "Tibouchina granulosa, native to western Brazil and eastern Bolivia." | http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_granulosa.htm |
| 2.02 | ||
| 2.03 |
(1)"USDA hardiness zones: 10B through 11" (2)Native to South America,
Tibouchinas are adaptable to zones 9B-11 and are not salt-tolerant. (3)However it has a wide altitudinal range - from around 200m to 2000 m. [Based on 2 and 3]. |
(1)http://72.14.253.104/search?q=cache:lMvabh7bc5IJ:hort.ufl.edu/shrubs /TIBGRAA.PDF+%22Tibouchina+granulosa%22&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=1 (2)http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast |
| 2.04 | "Tibouchina granulosa, native to western Brazil and eastern Bolivia." | http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_granulosa.htm |
| 2.05 | (1)"Global distribution: T. granulosa is cultivated in warm regions, such as Hawai'i and Florida as an ornamental shrub or small tree." (2)"… In this study, we report on a similar canker disease that has recently been found in South Africa on T. granulosa, commonly grown as an ornamental tree. ..." (3)Introduced to Puerto Rico. | (1)http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_granulosa.htm (2)Myburg, Henrietta; Gryzenhout, Marieka; Heath, Ronald, et al. Cryphonectria canker on Tibouchina in South Africa. Mycological Research 106 (11) : 1299-1306 November 2002 (3)http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=TIGR3 |
| 3.01 | No evidence of naturalization. | |
| 3.02 | No evidence. | |
| 3.03 | No evidence. | |
| 3.04 | (1)"T. granulosa currently is not spreading on Maui and there was no evidence found of it being invasive elsewhere in the world. However, several Tibouchina species are considered highly invasive in Hawai'i and all plants in the genus, Tibouchina, are listed as Hawai'i state noxious weeds." (2)"Invasive potential - little, if any at this time." |
(1)http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_granulosa.htm
(2)http://72.14.253.104/search?q=cache:OKY25A0kyEUJ:hort.ufl.edu/trees /TIBURVA.pdf+%22Tibouchina+granulosa%22+invasive%7Cinvasion%7 Cinvading%7Cinvader&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=3 |
| 3.05 | "T. granulosa currently is not spreading on Maui and there was no evidence found of it being invasive elsewhere in the world. However, several Tibouchina species are considered highly invasive in Hawai'i and all plants in the genus, Tibouchina, are listed as Hawai'i state noxious weeds." | http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/html/tibouchina_granulosa.htm |
| 4.01 | No evidence of such structures. |
http://72.14.253.104/search?q=cache:lMvabh7bc5IJ:hort.ufl.edu/shrubs /TIBGRAA.PDF+%22Tibouchina+granulosa%22&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=1 |
| 4.02 | No evidence | |
| 4.03 | No evidence | |
| 4.04 | Don’t know. | |
| 4.05 | No evidence. | |
| 4.06 | "Pests and diseases: Brickell and Zuk (1997) report that Tibouchina spp. are susceptible to gray mold, mushroom root rot, leaf spots, root rot of seedlings, and spider mites." - No evidence regarding associated economic pests. | http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/index.cfm |
| 4.07 |