Eucalyptus cloeziana risk assessment

Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

Eucalyptus cloeziana

RISK ASSESSMENT RESULTS: Low risk, score: -1

Australian/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Hawai‘i.
Information on Risk Assessments
Original risk assessment

	Eucalyptus cloeziana (Gympie messmate, messmate, dead finish, yellow messmate, Queensland messmate)	Answer	Score
1.01	Is the species highly domesticated?	n	0
1.02	Has the species become naturalized where grown?	n
1.03	Does the species have weedy races?	n
2.01	Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) – If island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute “wet tropical” for “tropical or subtropical”	2
2.02	Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) see appendix 2	2
2.03	Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)	y	1
2.04	Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates	y	1
2.05	Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2	y
3.01	Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2), n= question 2.05	n	-2
3.02	Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2)	n	0
3.03	Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2)	n	0
3.04	Environmental weed y = 2*multiplier (see Append 2)	n	0
3.05	Congeneric weed y = 1*multiplier (see Append 2)	y	2
4.01	Produces spines, thorns or burrs	n	0
4.02	Allelopathic	n	0
4.03	Parasitic	n	0
4.04	Unpalatable to grazing animals
4.05	Toxic to animals	n	0
4.06	Host for recognized pests and pathogens	n	0
4.07	Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans	n	0
4.08	Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems
4.09	Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle	y	1
4.1	Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island)	n	0
4.11	Climbing or smothering growth habit	n	0
4.12	Forms dense thickets	n	0
5.01	Aquatic	n	0
5.02	Grass	n	0
5.03	Nitrogen fixing woody plant	n	0
5.04	Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers)	n	0
6.01	Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat	n	0
6.02	Produces viable seed.	y	1
6.03	Hybridizes naturally	y	1
6.04	Self-compatible or apomictic	n	-1
6.05	Requires specialist pollinators	n	0
6.06	Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation	n	-1
6.07	Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1	9	-1
7.01	Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked areas)	n	-1
7.02	Propagules dispersed intentionally by people	y	1
7.03	Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant	n	-1
7.04	Propagules adapted to wind dispersal	y	1
7.05	Propagules water dispersed	n	-1
7.06	Propagules bird dispersed	n	-1
7.07	Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally)	n	-1
7.08	Propagules survive passage through the gut	n	-1
8.01	Prolific seed production (>1000/m2)
8.02	Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr)
8.03	Well controlled by herbicides
8.04	Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire	y	1
8.05	Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents)
	Total score:		-1

Supporting data:

	Notes	Reference
1.01	No evidence.
1.02	No evidence
1.03	No evidence.
2.01	'This species is a tall straight tree with a scattered natural distribution in tropical and subtropical areas of Queensland.'	Forestry Compendium [Online database]. © CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2005.
2.02
2.03	(1) - Altitude range: 0 - 1500 m - Mean annual rainfall: 500 - 2300 mm - Rainfall regime: summer; uniform - Dry season duration: 0 - 5 months - Mean annual temperature: 16 - 27ºC - Mean maximum temperature of hottest month: 27 - 36ºC - Mean minimum temperature of coldest month: 5 - 17ºC - Absolute minimum temperature: > -3ºC (2)Hardiness range 10A -11.	(1)Forestry Compendium [Online database]. © CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2005. (2)http://www.horticopia.com/hortpix/html/pc2300.htm
2.04	'This species is a tall straight tree with a scattered natural distribution in tropical and subtropical areas of Queensland.'	Forestry Compendium [Online database]. © CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2005.
2.05	'It has been successfully introduced for poles in Kenya, Malawi, Swaziland, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe in southern Africa principally in areas with an annual rainfall of 1000-1500 mm and a dry season of 4-5 months (FAO, 1974; Poynton, 1979). It also grows well in parts of Brazil, China, Congo, Madagascar and Nigeria. '	Forestry Compendium [Online database]. © CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2005.
3.01	No evidence
3.02	No evidence
3.03	No evidence
3.04	'It is not an aggressive colonizer and has no major disadvantages such as being a host for pests or diseases of crop plants, poisonous properties or parts, and extreme thorniness.'	Forestry Compendium [Online database]. © CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2005.
3.05	Severa Eucalyptus species such as E. populnea,E. pilularis, E. ferruginear and E. cambageana are listed as principal weeds in Australia.	An electronic Atlas of Weeds and Invasive Species. CD ROM version 1. 1997. Based on the original work 'A Geographical Atlas of Weeds' by Holm et al.
4.01	No evidence of such structures.	Forestry Compendium [Online database]. © CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2005.
4.02	No evidence.
4.03	No evidence.
4.04	Don’t know
4.05	'It is not an aggressive colonizer and has no major disadvantages such as being a host for pests or diseases of crop plants, poisonous properties or parts, and extreme thorniness.'	Forestry Compendium [Online database]. © CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2005.
4.06	The following pests were listed to be associated with E. cloeziana. Phytophthora (foot rot) fungus Causes damping-off in the nursery Puccinia psidii (guava rust) fungus Pythium fungus Causes damping-off in the nursery Rhizoctonia fungus Causes damping-off in the nursery Biston edwardsi insect A defoliating Lepidopter