Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Herb, apparently annual, to about 40 cm tall, the stems glabrous; stipules striate, about 5 mm long, 1 mm wide, attenuate above point of insertion, acute below, sometimes glandular-punctate; leaves 2-foliolate, with petiole about 10-15 mm long; leaflets of lower leaves suborbicular to elliptic or ovate, about 5-22 mm long, 4-10 mm wide, obtuse to acute at apex and base, leaflets of upper leaves lanceolate, 10-22 mm long, 1-6 mm wide, acute at apex, rounded or acute at base, glabrous, glandular-punctate, especially along margin, secondary veins inconspicuous; inflorescences spicate, about 6-10 cm long, 3-8-flowered; bracts minute; bracteoles not overlapping, obliquely ovate, sometimes subfalcate, 6-10 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, 5-costate, glabrous, eciliate, sparingly punctate, acute at apex, lobe below point of attachment subacute, about 1 mm long; calyx about 2.5 mm long, hyaline, ciliate; petals yellow, glabrous, 6-8 mm long; fruit 5-7-jointed, exserted beyond bracteoles, articles 1.5-2 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, reticulate, puberulent and echinate with retrorsely barbed spines about 0.5 mm long; seeds light brown, suborbicular, about 1 mm broad, 0.5 mm thick"  (Wiggins & Porter, 1971; pp. 640-641).

Habitat/ecology:  (no habitat/ecology info known by PIER)

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Caribbean and possibly southeast Asia (Wiggins & Porter, 1971; pp. 640-641).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) San Cristóbal Group	San Cristóbal Island	introduced invasive	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Colombia Colombia	Colombia (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Costa Rica Costa Rica	Costa Rica (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Ecuador (Mainland) Ecuador	Ecuador (Republic of) (continental)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Nicaragua Nicaragua	Nicaragua (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Panama Panama	Panama (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Perú Perú	Perú (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Zornia curvata is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Zornia curvata as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Zornia curvata may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Charles Darwin Foundation. 2008. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos, Ecuador.

Charles Darwin Research Station. 2005. CDRS Herbarium records.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wiggins, I. L./Porter, D. M. 1971. Flora of the Galapágos Islands. Stanford University Press. 998 pp.