Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Sphagneticola trilobata
(L.) Pruski, Asteraceae
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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results: 

Reject, score: 6 (Go to the risk assessment (Australia))
High risk, score: 13 (Go to the risk assessment (Pacific))

Other Latin names:  Thelechitonia trilobata (L.) H. Rob. & Cautrec.; Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chuukese: atiat

English: Singapore daisy, creeping ox-eye, trailing daisy, wedelia

Kosraean: rosrangrang

Marshallese: ut mõkadkad, ut telia

Palauan: ngesil ra ngebard

Pohnpeian: dihpwoangoahng suwed, ngkahu, tuhke ongohng

Tongan: ‘anselmo

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Creeping, mat-forming perennial herbs; stems rounded, rooting at the nodes, 1-3 (-4) dm long, the flowering portions ascending, coarsely strigose to spreading hirsute, sometimes subglabrous.  Leaves fleshy, usually 4-9 cm long, (1.5-) 2-5 cm wide, irregularly toothed or serrate, usually with a pair of lateral lobes.  Peduncles 3-10 cm long; involucre campanulate-hemispherical, ca. 1 cm high; chaffy bracts lanceolate, rigid; ray florets often 8-13 per head, rays 6-15 mm long; disk corollas 4-5 mm long; pappus a crown of short fimbriate scales.  Achenes tuberculate, 4-5 mm long, few achenes maturing in cultivated plants in Hawai‘i"  (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 373-374).

"A glabrous to hairy creeping herb with decumbent and often branching stems of 10-40 cm length, rooting at the lower nodes. Leaves are somewhat flesh, opposite, sessile or with short petioles, 4-10 cm long and 2-5 cm wide, three to five-lobed or irregularly dentate. The central lobe is broad ant the lateral lobes are narrower. Flowerheads of 2-4 cm diameter are borne solitary on axillary peduncles of 3-11 cm length. Flowerheads have c. 10 yellow ray florets and numerous yellow disk florets. The involucral scales are elliptic-oblong and 8-12 mm long. Ligules of ray florets are c. 10 mm long. Fruits are achenes of 3.5-5 mm length, ovoid, with a pappus consisting of irregular and short scales." (Invasive Plants of the World (Weber, 2003), p. 419)

Habitat/ecology:  "This creeping and mat-forming herb grows in dense patches suppressing native plants and preventing their regenerations. It established especially well in disturbed sites and prevents the establishment of native plants. Seeds are dispersed by wind and water. Little is known on the ecology of this plant." (Invasive Plants of the World (Weber, 2003), p. 419)

"The plant thrives in open areas with well-drained, moist soil, but it can tolerate dry periods" (Csurhes & Edwards, 1998). Open areas with well-drained soil up to 700 m or more in elevation (up to 1300 m in French Polynesia). A noxious weed in agricultural areas, along roadsides and trails, in open lots, waste places and garbage dumps and other disturbed sites. Also naturalized and invasive along streams, canals, along the borders of mangroves and in coastal strand vegetation. (Thaman, 1999) Forms a dense ground cover, crowding out or preventing regeneration of other species. Cultivated as an ornamental.

"In the wet tropics region of northern Queensland [Australia], the plant is becoming increasingly common along the edges of rainforests, on roadsides and other disturbed areas.  In south-east Queensland and coastal north New South Wales, it has invaded riparian vegetation and disturbed areas of coastal sand dunes."  (Csurhes & Edwards, 1998; p. 201).

Propagation:  Usually vegetatively, but Bill Sykes reports observing mature achenes on plants (pers. com.). Stems form new plants where they touch the ground and pieces readily take root. Commonly spread by dumping of garden waste.

"Seeds are dispersed by wind and water." (Invasive Plants of the World (Weber, 2003), p. 419)

Native range:  "Mexico, Central America, and the islands of the Caribbean; now grown almost worldwide in tropical and other warm places"  (Staples & Herbst, 2005; p. 165).

Native to: Mexico; tropical South America; Caribbean. (Invasive Plants of the World (Weber, 2003), p. 419)

Impacts and invaded habitats:  "Pinelands, riparian habitats, wetland edges, coastal dunes, disturbed sites." (Invasive Plants of the World (Weber, 2003), p. 419)

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands
Ta‘u Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. Field notes.)
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands
Tutuila Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 38)
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands
Tutuila Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1972) (voucher ID: BISH 83847)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands
Tutuila Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1992) (voucher ID: PTBG 48583)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Rota Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane (2000) (p. 7)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Rota Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 593395)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Saipan
Saipan Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 593620)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
‘Atiu Island cultivated
McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
‘Atiu Island introduced
cultivated
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 13)
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Rarotonga Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 13)
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Rarotonga Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 665083)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Rarotonga Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 665339)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Rarotonga Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 665340)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Fefan Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (pp. 7, 30)
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Pis Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1993) (voucher ID: BISH 633457)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Puluwat (Pwonowót) Atoll introduced
invasive
cultivated
Manner, H. I./Mallon, E. (1989) (p. 61)
Voucher cited: Manner & Mallon 153 (GUAM)
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Tol Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (pp. 7, 30)
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Weno (Moen) Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (pp. 7, 30)
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island introduced
invasive
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 90)
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Waguk, Erick E. (2000) (p. 6)
Voucher: BMW 5762 (BISH, BRI)
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy (2010) (p. 13)
Voucher cited: Lorence 7864 (PTBG)
Invasive
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island introduced
invasive
Josekutty, P. C./Wakuk, E. E./Joseph, M. J. (2002) (p. 63)
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (2000) (voucher ID: BISH 687682)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1996) (voucher ID: PTBG 21073)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 24672)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island introduced
invasive
Sanney, Jacob A. (2013) (p. 19)
KCSO target species 2013
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island introduced
invasive
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 90)
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. (2010) (p. 73)
Vouchers cited: M.J. Balick 3823 (NY), M.J. Balick 3856 (NY, PTBG), M.J. Balick 4028 (NY, PTBG), T.W. Flynn 6255 (AD, NY, PTBG, US), D.H. Lorence 8057 (MO, NY, PTBG, US)
Invasive
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1980) (voucher ID: BISH 505203)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 33554)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola triloba (L.) Pruski
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2026) (voucher ID: PTBG 34871)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola triloba (L.) Pruski
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 24622)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 27787)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands
Yap (Waqab) Island introduced
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 293)
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands
Yap (Waqab) Island introduced
invasive
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 90)
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands
Yap (Waqab) Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Falanruw, Marjorie (1999) (p. Field notes.)
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Viti Levu Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Thaman, R. R. (1999) (p. 3)
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Mangareva (Gambier) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Fatu Hiva Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Fatu Hiva Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J. Florence 7432 (PAP), J. Florence, D.H. Lorence & W.L. Wagner 9507 (PAP),
Adventice
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Fatu Hiva Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1986) (voucher ID: BISH 545498)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Fatu Hiva Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 601880)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Fatu Hiva Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 1000349)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Fatu Hiva Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 1000350)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Fatu Hiva Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 1002250)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Hiva Oa Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Hiva Oa Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Mohotani (Mohotane, Mohotane) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 4133 (PAP), J. Florence 4193 (PAP)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 558046)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Tahuata (Tuhuata) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Tahuata (Tuhuata) Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 39490)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: K.R. Wood & S.P. Perlman 6403 (PAP)
Naturalisé
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 28584)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Pou (Huapu, Uapou, Uapu) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Huahine Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence & R. Tahuaitu 11711 (PAP)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Huahine Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 649993)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Moorea Island introduced
invasive
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 82)
Voucher cited: Florence 2126
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Moorea Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 2126 (PAP)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Moorea Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1981) (voucher ID: BISH 492782)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Raiatea (Havai) Island introduced
invasive
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 82)
Vouchers cited: BRY 24831, BRY 25408
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Raiatea (Havai) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J. Florence 10420 (PAP), J. Florence 3495 (PAP), J. Florence 3681 (PAP)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Raiatea (Havai) Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 491380)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Raiatea (Havai) Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 644386)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Taha‘a Island   Fosberg, F. R. (1997) (p. 19)
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island   Fosberg, F. R. (1997) (p. 19)
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tetiaroa Atoll introduced
invasive
Sachet, M.-H./Fosberg, F. R. (1983) (p. 54)
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tupai Island introduced
invasive
Sachet, M.-H. (1983) (p. 24)
Voucher cited: Sachet 1967 (US)
French Polynesia
Tuamotu Archipelago
Hao (Hau) Atoll introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Tuamotu Archipelago
Moruroa Atoll introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Raivavae (Raevavae) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rapa Island introduced
invasive
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 82)
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rimatara (Rimitara) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Tubuai Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Naturalisée
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Tubuai Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1974) (voucher ID: BISH 599630)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Guam
Guam Island
Guam Island introduced
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 293)
Guam
Guam Island
Guam Island introduced
invasive
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 95)
Guam
Guam Island
Guam Island introduced
invasive
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C. (1980) (p. 210)
Voucher cited: Fosberg & Moore 58195 (US, BISH)
Guam
Guam Island
Guam Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1978) (voucher ID: BISH 438141)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Hawai‘i (Big) Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Imada, Clyde T./Staples, George W./Herbst, Derral R. (2000) (p. 10)
Voucher cited: C. Imada & T. Cummings 99-14 (BISH)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Kaho‘olawe Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 373-374, 1864)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Kaua‘i Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 373-374, 1864)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Lāna‘i Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 373-374, 1864)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Lāna‘i Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Oppenheimer, Hank (2007) (pp. 20-21)
Vouchers cited: Oppenheimer H100633 (BISH, PTBG), Oppenheimer H120650 (BISH, PTBG)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Maui Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Oppenheimer, Hank L./Bartlett, Randal T. (2002) (p. 4)
Vouchers cited: (West Maui) Oppenheimer H99927 (BISH), Oppenheimer H80013 (BISH); (East Maui) Flynn & From 2543 (BISH), Oppenheimer & J. Price H30007 (BISH)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Moloka‘i Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 373-374, 1864)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Moloka‘i Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Oppenheimer, Hank (2007) (pp. 20-21)
Vouchers cited: Oppenheimer H110606 (BISH, PTBG), Oppenheimer H120616 (BISH, PTBG), Oppenheimer H120630 (BISH, PTBG)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Ni‘ihau Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 373-374, 1864)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
O‘ahu Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 373-374, 1864)
Japan (offshore islands)
Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands
Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands introduced
Kato, Hidetoshi (2007)
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands
Butaritari Atoll introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. (2004) (p. 12)
Voucher: Imada 2003-65 (BISH 697680)
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands
Butaritari Atoll   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (2003) (voucher ID: BISH 697680)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands
Tarawa Atoll introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. (2004) (pp. 9, 12)
Voucher: Imada 2003-40 (BISH 697655)
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands
Tarawa Atoll   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (2003) (voucher ID: BISH 697655)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain
Enewetak (Ãnewetak, Eniwetok) Atoll introduced
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 293)
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain
Enewetak (Ãnewetak, Eniwetok) Atoll introduced
invasive
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C. (1980) (p. 210)
Voucher cited: Lamberson 29 (US)
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain
Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll introduced
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 293)
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain
Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll introduced
invasive
cultivated
Whistler, W. A./Steele, O. (1999) (p. 39)
Vouchers cited: Fosberg 48067, Whistler 11211
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain
Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll introduced
invasive
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C. (1980) (p. 210)
Voucher cited: Fosberg 58067 (US)
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain
Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1998) (voucher ID: PTBG 43931)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain
Arno Atoll introduced
invasive
Vander Velde, Nancy/Vander Velde, Brian (2007) (p. 5)
"Common; around homes, in former Agriculture station, escaping into ruderal areas ".
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain
Arno Atoll introduced
Vander Velde, Nancy/Vander Velde, Brian (2009) (p. 4)
Voucher cited: Vander Velde 0630200904
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain
Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll introduced
invasive
Vander Velde, Nancy (2003) (p. 72)
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain
Mili (Mile) Atoll introduced
invasive
Vander Velde, Nancy/Vander Velde, Brian (2010) (p. A11)
Occasional; near runway, by some residences and other buildings on Mili.
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain
Wotje (Wõjjã) Atoll introduced
Vander Velde, Nancy/Vander Velde, Brian (2009) (p. 2)
Voucher cited: Vander Velde 0515200909
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain
Wotje (Wõjjã) Atoll   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2009) (voucher ID: PTBG 49776)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata
Nauru
Nauru Island
Nauru Island introduced
invasive
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 99)
Nauru
Nauru Island
Nauru Island introduced
cultivated
Thaman, R. R./Fosberg, F. R./Manner, H. I./Hassall, D. C. (1994) (p. 102)
Vouchers cited: Fosberg 58609 (US), Hassall 237 (SUVA)
Nauru
Nauru Island
Nauru Island introduced
invasive
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C. (1980) (p. 210)
Voucher cited: Fosberg 58609 (US)
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île Grande Terre introduced
invasive
cultivated
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 39)
Vouchers cited: MacKee 28336, MacKee 41221
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île Grande Terre   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 655114)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 6)
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara M./Newfield, Melanie/Bull, Cate (2004) (p. 8)
Subject of eradication program.
Palau
Hatohobei Group
Tobi Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 1001361)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Palau
Kayangel Atoll
Kayangel Islet introduced
invasive
Miles, Joel (2015) (p. 2)
ref cites other taxa as "Cultivated," but not this one, so implication is that this taxon was found in a non-cultivated situation (PT@PhilipT.com/20170602)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 11, 88)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 12)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 11, 87)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 12)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 610707)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 610717)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 611191)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1996) (voucher ID: BISH 650941)
Taxon name on voucher: Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 1000102)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1991) (voucher ID: BNM 9570)
Taxon name on voucher: Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Koror (Oreor) Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 11, 83)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Koror (Oreor) Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 12)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Malakal (Ngemelachel) Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 11, 83)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Malakal (Ngemelachel) Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 12)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Ngerkebesang Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 11, 83)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Peleliu (Beliliou) Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 11, 91)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Peleliu (Beliliou) Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 12)
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands
Savai‘i Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 11)
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands
Upolu Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 11)
Tokelau
Tokelau Islands
Nukunonu Atoll introduced
invasive
? (year unknown)
Mike Thorsen, pers. com.
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
Tongatapu Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2001) (p. 9)
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
Tongatapu Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Thaman, R. R. (1999)
United States (other Pacific offshore islands)
Midway Atoll
Midway Atoll introduced
invasive
cultivated
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 373-374, 1864)
Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Australia
Australia (continental)
New South Wales introduced
invasive
cultivated
Csurhes, S./Edwards, R. (1998) (p. 201)
Australia
Australia (continental)
Queensland introduced
invasive
cultivated
Csurhes, S./Edwards, R. (1998) (p. 201)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Costa Rica (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Guatemala (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Honduras (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Nicaragua (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Panama (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
China
China
Hong Kong introduced
cultivated
Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 290)
Japan
Japan
Japan introduced
Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 190)
As Wedelia trilobata Hitchc.
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico (United Mexican States) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Singapore
Singapore
Singapore (Republic of) introduced
invasive
Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 81)
Naturalised
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim)
Colombia native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim)
Ecuador (Republic of) (continental) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim)
Perú (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Taiwan
Taiwan Island
Taiwan Island introduced
invasive
Ching-I Peng, ed. (2013)
"Occasionally naturalized on slopes and along roadsides at lower elevations".
Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Australia (Indian Ocean offshore islands)
Christmas Island Group
Christmas Island introduced
invasive
cultivated
Swarbrick, J. T. (1997) (p. 131)
French Territory of Mayotte
Mayotte Islands
Mayotte Island introduced
invasive
Comité français de l'Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature en France (2013)
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands
Seychelles Islands introduced
Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017)
Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states)
United States (other states) introduced
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013)
Louisiana
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states)
USA (Florida) introduced
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013)

Comments:  This species was previously widely known as Wedelia trilobata.

Becoming established on Niue (Space & Flynn, 2000). Established at several places on Tongatapu, Tonga (Space & Flynn, 2001). Planted and naturalizing at a number of locations throughout Samoa (Space & Flynn, 2002). Becoming established on Rarotonga and a single cultivated location on ‘Atiu, Cook Islands (Space & Flynn, 2002).

Can cause itching or contact dermatitis if handled and is a hazard to children and pets  (Staples & Herbst, 2005; p. 165).

Control:  Physical:  "Physical removal can be effective if used repeatedly for an extended period, but is very labor intensive"  (Englberger, 2009; p. 27).

Chemical:  "Sensitive to dicamba and 2,4-D, but probably best at a minimum of 2 lb/acre.  Sensitive to triclopyr in crop oil applied by the drizzle method but probably at 2 lb/acre or more"  (Motooka et al., 2003).  "Herbicides such as triclopyr (Garlon 4) or glyphosate (Roundup) can be used as a foliar spray"  (Englberger, 2009; p. 27).

"Here in Queensland, Australia Wedelia has become a widespread problem plant. A metsulfuron methyl herbicide (600g/kg) has been registered for spraying the weed. The mixing rate is 10g/100L of water plus a surfactant. This gives good control, but it is important to follow-up with touch up treatments to pick up the underground stems which were missed first time round."  (Greg Brown, Queensland Department of Natural Resources, communications to Aliens listserver).

"Specific control methods for this species are not available. Seedlings and small plants may be hand pulled or dug out, larger stands treated with herbicides." (Invasive Plants of the World (Weber, 2003), p. 419)


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This page was created on 1 JAN 1999 and was last updated on 4 NOV 2017.