Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam., Solanaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  no

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Other Latin names:  Solanum sisymbrifolium [sic]

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: suan jie qie

English: bitter apple, dense thorned bitter apple, liuskakoiso, sticky nightshade, wild tomato

Other: arrabenta cavalo, doringtamatie, wildetamatie

Spanish: espina colorada

Habit:  herb

Description:  "[P]rickly and viscid-villous at least in inflorescence and with pinnatifid or bipinnatifid leaves, these sometimes glabrate, the largest 3 dm long, segments 1 dm long, petioles 1 dm long; a weedy plant, even the calyx often armed with yellow prickles, the lobes in fruit to 1.5 cm long; berry finally yellow, 12 mm in diameter; flowers white" (Macbride, 1962; (5B/1):263).

Habitat/ecology:  (no habitat/ecology info known by PIER)

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  South America (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Japan Japan	Japan (country)	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 188)
Perú Perú	Perú (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
South Africa South Africa	South Africa (Republic of)	introduced	Henderson, Lesley (1995)

Comments:  Reported invasive in Spain. A noxious weed in South Africa (Henderson, 1995; p. 177).

Additional information:
Additional online information about Solanum sisymbriifolium is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Solanum sisymbriifolium as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Solanum sisymbriifolium may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Henderson, Lesley. 1995. Plant invaders of Southern Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute Handbook No. 5, Agriculture Research Council, ARC/LNR, Pretoria, South Africa. 177 pp.

Macbride, J. Francis. 1936. Flora of Peru. Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series, Vol. XIII. 1936-1971, 6 parts.

Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro. 2004. Invasive alien species in Japan: the status quo and the new regulation for prevention of their adverse effects. Global Environmental Research 8(2)/2004: 171-191.

U. S. Government. 2011. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (on-line resource).

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2011. Flora of China (online resource).