Sisymbrium irio L., Brassicaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: shui suan jie

English: London rocket, rocket mustard

French: sisymbre irio, vélaret

Spanish: eskorbut-bedarra, jaramago, matacandil, mostacilla, nabillo, rabanillo

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Erect annual herbs 2-10 dm tall, unbranched or branched above base, usually glabrous throughout, sometimes very sparsely hirsute above.  Leaves ovate to lanceolate in outline, pinnately lobed, with an ovate or triangular terminal segment, lateral lobes lanceolate to oblong, usually 6-20 cm long.  Pedicels slender, spreading, 0.5-2 cm long in fruit; sepals elliptic-lanceolate, 2-2.5 mm long; petals pale yellow, fading to almost white before falling, 3-4 mm long.  Siliques linear, terete, 3-5 cm long, greater in diameter than the pedicels.  Seeds oblong, ca. 0.8 mm long, wingless" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 413).

Habitat/ecology:  "In Hawai‘i, "naturalized in relatively dry, disturbed areas in the saddle area between Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, Hawai‘i [Island]"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 413).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  "Europe, now widely naturalized" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 413).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 413) Voucher cited: Kawasaki 1 (BISH)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Australia (continental)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 202)
China China	China (People's Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011) Xinjiang
Japan Japan	Japan (country)	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 183)
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 202)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Sisymbrium irio is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Sisymbrium irio as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Sisymbrium irio may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias. 1988. Dicot weeds, vol. 1. CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basle, Switzerland. 335 pp.

Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro. 2004. Invasive alien species in Japan: the status quo and the new regulation for prevention of their adverse effects. Global Environmental Research 8(2)/2004: 171-191.

U. S. Government. 2011. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (on-line resource).

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).

Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2011. Flora of China (online resource).