Senna multijuga (Rich.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby, Fabaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 7 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Cassia multijuga L. Richard

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: mi ye jue ming

English: false sicklepod, leafy cassia

Habit:  shrub/tree

Description:  "Shrubs, small trees, or trees, 7-20 (-40) m tall. Young parts generally puberulent; branchlets reddish brown when dry. Leaves 12-20 cm; stipules early caducous, linear; rachis and petiole puberulent, with a long, ovoid gland on rachis between lowest pair of leaflets (often early caducous); leaflets 10-26 (-50) pairs, linear-oblong or oblong, 1.2-4 x 0.6-0.8 cm, both surfaces puberulent or adaxially glabrous, apex obtusely rounded, mucronate, slightly oblique. Racemes several, arranged in a terminal, leafy panicle 10-20 (-40) cm; peduncle and pedicels puberulent. Flowers 2.5-4 cm in diameter; bracts ovate, ca. 2 mm, tomentose. Sepals greenish yellow when mature, slightly unequal, 5-6 mm. Petals yellow, ovate-oblong, 1-2(-3) cm, glabrous. Fertile stamens 7, 3 larger, with filament ca. 10 mm and anthers 6-7 mm, staminodes 3, tiny. Ovary linear, glabrous. Legume dark brown, flat, broadly linear, obtuse. Seeds 30-60, flattened, ca. 6 mm"  (Flora of China online).

Subsp. lindleyana var. lindleyana:  "Tree 9-11 m. high (up to 25 m. where indigenous).  The larger leaves are up to 30 cm long, with 16-36 (-46) pairs of leaflets gradually decrescent toward base and apex of leaf, and the largest leaflets are up to 46 x 13 mm.  The flowers have greenish to yellow sepals, the largest (inner) one up to 7.5 mm long, and the yellow petals are as long as 16-26 mm."  Subspecies lindleyana differs from subsp. multijuga in having its stipules setiform, not more than 0.6 mm broad at base, and with plane margins (rather than, as in subsp. multijuga, asymmetrically dilated and 0.8-2.5 mm broad at base and undulately crimped or folded" (Smith, 1985; p. 115).

Habitat/ecology:  (no habitat/ecology info known by PIER)

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Northern half of South America (Herbarium Pacificum Staff, 1998; p. 10). Mexico, northern South America (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island	introduced cultivated	Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 115) subsp. lindleyana (Gardner) Irwin & Barneby var. lindleyana Irwin & Barneby; vouchers cited: DA 13856 (DF 298), Damanu 26, DF 308, DF 344, Damanu 31
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced cultivated	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Voucher cited: J. Florence 2832 (PAP) Ornementale rare.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1998) (p. 10) Voucher cited: D. Lorence & T. Flynn 6626 (PTBG, US) Spreading from a grove of 5 large planted trees.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1998) (p. 10) Voucher cited: A.F. Judd 61 (BISH)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced cultivated	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 73) Voucher cited: MacKee 12634

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
China China	China (People's Republic of)	introduced cultivated	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013) "Cultivated in Guangdong".
China China	Hong Kong	introduced cultivated	Wu, Te-lin (2001) (pp. 135-136) As Cassia multijuga Rich.
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)	introduced cultivated	Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 79) Cultivated only
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Colombia	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Ecuador (Republic of) (continental)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Perú (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Seychelles Islands	introduced	Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017)

Control:  If you know of control methods for Senna multijuga, please let us know.