Pyracantha koidzumii Rehd., Rosaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  yes

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 7 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Cotoneaster koidzumii Hayata

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: tai wan huo ji

English: Formasa firethorn

Habit:  shrub

Description:  "Shrubs caespitose. Branchlets dark gray, often thornlike, initially pubescent, glabrous when old. Leaves usually 3-5-fascicled; petioles ca. 3 mm, puberulous; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 3-4.5 x 0.7-1.2 cm, abaxially glaucescent, densely pubescent when young, glabrescent, adaxially glabrous, base cuneate, margin entire, apex slightly emarginate or truncate. Corymb 3-4 cm in diameter, many flowered; peduncle sparsely pubescent; bracts caducous, lanceolate. Pedicel 5-11 mm, sparsely pubescent. Flowers 8-10 mm in diameter. Hypanthium campanulate, abaxially densely pubescent. Sepals triangular, 1-1.2 mm, abaxially densely pubescent when young, apex acute. Petals suborbicular or broadly elliptic, 3.5-4 x 3-4 mm, apex slightly emarginate. Stamens 20; filaments 2-3 mm. Ovary pubescent; styles nearly as long as stamens. Pome orangish red, depressed-globose, 4-5 mm"  (Flora of China online).

Habitat/ecology:  In Taiwan (native), "rocky valley areas, seashores, thickets, among shrubs"  (Flora of China online).

Propagation:  Seed, spread by birds (Staples, Herbst & Imada, 2000, p. 28).

Native range:  Taiwan (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Santa Cruz Group	Santa Cruz Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1999) (pp. 9-10) Voucher cited: W. L. Wagner, S. Mill, T. Flynn & R. Gustafson 5267 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1999) (pp. 9-10) Voucher cited: J. Plews s.n. (BISH 523723)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	introduced cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1999) (pp. 9-10)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Starr, Forest/Starr, Kim/Loope, Lloyd L. (2003) (p. 31) East Maui. Voucher cited: Starr & Martz 000831-7 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1999) (pp. 9-10)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced cultivated	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 121) Voucher cited: MacKee 42847

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Taiwan Taiwan	Taiwan Island	native	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2011) Rocky valley areas, seashores, thickets, among shrubs.

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	United States (other states)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011) Alabama, Arizona, Mississippi, South Carolina
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	USA (Florida)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Pyracantha koidzumii is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Pyracantha koidzumii as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Pyracantha koidzumii may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Charles Darwin Foundation. 2008. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos, Ecuador.

Herbarium Pacificum Staff. 1999. New Hawaiian plant records for 1998. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1998. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 58:3-11.

MacKee, H. S. 1994. Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 164 p.

Staples, George W./Herbst, Derral/Imada, Clyde T. 2000. Survey of invasive or potentially invasive cultivated plants in Hawai‘i. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers No. 65. 35 pp.

Starr, Forest/Starr, Kim/Loope, Lloyd L. 2003. New plant records from the Hawaiian Archipelago. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2001-2002. Part 2: Notes. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 74:23-34.

U. S. Government. 2011. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (on-line resource).

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. 2011. The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2011. Flora of China (online resource).