Pyracantha crenatoserrata (Hance) Rehder, Rosaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  yes

Risk assessment results:  High risk (based on second screen), score: 5 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Photinia crenatoserrata Hance; Pyracantha crenulata var. yunnanensis M. Vilm. ex Mottet; Pyracantha fortuneana auct.; Pyracantha gibbsii var. yunnanensis Osborn; Pyracantha yunnanensis (P. Vilm. ex Mottet) Chitt.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: huo ji

English: Chinese firethorn

Habit:  shrub

Description:  "Evergreen shrub to c. 2 m high; stems generally dense and ± spreading, often spine-tipped; very young stems brownish tomentose; older stems brown and shiny. Leaf petiole 2-15 mm long, channeled above, glabrate; blade 2-5.7 x 1-2.2 cm, oblanceolate to obovate, subtruncate to rounded at apex, sometimes ± mucronulate, cuneate at base, deep shining green and glabrous above, pale green and glabrous below; margins almost entire or shallowly crenate-serrate in distal 2/3. Corymbs c. 20-40 mm across; pedicels c. 5-15 mm long, shiny and with scattered hairs. Sepals rounded or very broadly ovate, c. 1 mm long, glabrous, or sometimes with a few hairs, shining, mucronulate. Petals ± suborbicular, 2.5-3.5 mm in diameter, rounded, white or almost so. Stamens slightly < petals. Fruit depressed-globose, 5-6 mm wide across top, red or orange-red, glossy"  (Webb et al., 1988; p. 1099).

Habitat/ecology:  In New Zealand, "scrub, margin of large plantations"  (Webb et al., 1988; p. 1099).

Propagation:  Seed, spread by birds (Staples, Herbst & Imada, 2000, p. 28; Webb et al., 1988, p. 1099).

Native range:  China (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1999) (p. 9) Voucher cited: F. R. Bosberg 44463 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1999) (p. 9) Voucher cited: D. Lorence, T. Flynn & J. Talbot 6002 (BISH)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
China China	China (People's Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 1099)
United States (west coast) United States (west coast states)	USA (California)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011)

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	United States (other states)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011) Alabama
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	USA (Florida)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Pyracantha crenatoserrata is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Pyracantha crenatoserrata as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Pyracantha crenatoserrata may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Herbarium Pacificum Staff. 1999. New Hawaiian plant records for 1998. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1998. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 58:3-11.

Staples, George W./Herbst, Derral/Imada, Clyde T. 2000. Survey of invasive or potentially invasive cultivated plants in Hawai‘i. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers No. 65. 35 pp.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. 2011. The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. 1988. Flora of New Zealand, Volume IV: Naturalised pteridophytes, gymnosperms, dicotyledons. Botany Division, DSIR, Christchurch. 1365 pp.

Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2011. Flora of China (online resource).