Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides (Kunth) Cabrera, Asteraceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 7 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Senecio chenopodioides HBK.; Senecio confusus Britten; Senecio kermesinus Hemsl.

Common name(s): [more details]

English: Mexican flamevine, orange-flowered senecio

Habit:  vine

Description:  "Small herbaceous to large suffrutescent vines, the stems multistriate, sparsely hispidulous to almost glabrous, up to 5 m and perhaps longer; leaves alternate, petiolate or nearly sessile, lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, rarely subcordate, acute or acuminate, densely hispidulous to glabrous, serrate-dentate, the teeth sometimes glandular, the blade 3-12 cm long and 1-7 cm broad; inflorescence a single head to a multicapitate panicle; heads heterogamous, variable in size, 1-3 cm high (commonly 1.5 cm) and as broad; involucre uniseriate, subtended usually by several conspicuous bracteoles, mostly about 1 cm long; phyllaries numerous, linear, acuminate, densely hispidulous to glabrous, the mid-nerve thickened, phyllaries half as long as the head or usually longer; ray corollas orange (usually) to reddish, uniseriate; disc corollas yellow to orange or red, mostly about 1 cm long, tubular to narrowly campanulate above; achenes hispidulous, cylindric, obscurely ridged, to about 4 mm long; pappus abundant, white, slightly shorter than the disc corollas" (Nash & Williams, 1976; pp. 406-407).

Habitat/ecology:  In Guatemala, "thickets and forest edges, commonly at 700-1,200 m but found from near sea level to 2,200 m" (Nash & Williams, 1976; pp. 406-407).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Mexico, Central America to Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela and Colombia (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Santa Cruz Group	Santa Cruz Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced cultivated	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: as Senecio chenopodioides K.S. Kunth.: J. Florence 2862 (PAP) as Senecio confusus J. Britten: J. Florence 6629 (PAP) Ornementale rare.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 290)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Parker, James L./Parsons, Bobby (2012) (p. 57) Voucher cited: J. Parker & R. Parsons BIED71 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Starr, Forest/Starr, Kim (year unknown) http://www.hear.org/mysteryplants/autogendhtml/mysteryplant3.htm
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll	introduced cultivated	Vander Velde, Nancy (2003) (p. 72) Planted ornamental.

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Colombia Colombia	Colombia (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Costa Rica Costa Rica	Costa Rica (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
El Salvador El Salvador	El Salvador (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Guatemala Guatemala	Guatemala (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Honduras Honduras	Honduras (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Nicaragua Nicaragua	Nicaragua (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Panama Panama	Panama (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)	introduced cultivated	Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 73) Cultivated only

Comments:  Reported as possibly an invasive plant in the Galápagos Islands per Charles Darwin Research Station.

Additional information:
Additional online information about Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Charles Darwin Foundation. 2008. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos, Ecuador.

Charles Darwin Research Station. 2005. CDRS Herbarium records.

Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. 2009. A checklist of the total vascular plant flora of Singapore: native, naturalised and cultivated species. Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore. 273 pp.

Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. 2011. Base de données botaniques Nadeaud de l'Herbier de la Polynésie Française (PAP). (online resource).

Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce. 1979. A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae. Micronesica 15:1-295.

Nash, Dorothy L./Williams, Louis O. 1976. Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana: Botany. Vol. 24, Part XII. Chicago Natural History Museum. 603 pp.

Parker, James L./Parsons, Bobby. 2012. New plant records from the Big Island for 2009. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2011. Part II: Plants. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 113:55-63.

Staples, George W./Herbst, Derral R. 2005. A tropical garden flora: plants cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and other tropical places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 908 pp.

Starr, Forest/Starr, Kim. 0. Forest and Kim Starr, pers. com.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Vander Velde, Nancy. 2003. The vascular plants of Majuro Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands. Smithsonian Institution, Atoll Research Bulletin No. 503:1-141.