Passiflora vitifolia H.B.K., Passifloraceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 11 (Go to the risk assessment)

Common name(s): [more details]

English: crimson passionflower, grapevine leaf passionfruit, perfumed passionflower, red passionflower, vine-leaved granadilla

French: passiflore à feuille de vigne

Habit:  vine

Description:  "Lianas.  Leaves with blades 6-18 cm long, 6-15 cm wide, deeply 3-lobed, divided ca. 3/4 their length, the lobes lanceolate, lower surface pubescent, margins coarsely dentate to crenate, apex of lobes acuminate, base rounded to subcordate, petioles 1.8-6.5 cm long, with 2 saucer-shaped nectaries at base, stipules linear-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm long, often deciduous.  Flowers solitary, 10-18 cm in diameter, peduncles stout, 2.3-3.5 cm long; hypanthium tubular, ca. 1 cm long; sepals and petals bright red; corona red to bright yellow, with white spots or streaks, in 2 series, inner one tubular, outer one filamentous, 5-10 mm long.  Berries green with white speckles, ovoid, 4-7 cm long, 3-4 cm in diameter.  Self-incompatible"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1014).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "escaping from cultivation and now sparingly naturalized in mesic, disturbed forest, 100-130 m, below Lyon Arboretum, Mānoa Falls Trail, O‘ahu"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1014).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  "Lowland Neotropics from Central America to Peru, frequently cultivated for its showy red flowers"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1014).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1014)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Colombia Colombia	Colombia (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Costa Rica Costa Rica	Costa Rica (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Ecuador (Mainland) Ecuador	Ecuador (Republic of) (continental)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Nicaragua Nicaragua	Nicaragua (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Panama Panama	Panama (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Perú Perú	Perú (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Passiflora vitifolia is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Passiflora vitifolia as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Passiflora vitifolia may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Porcher, Michel H. 2011. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database. The University of Melbourne, Australia. Online resource.

Staples, George W./Herbst, Derral R. 2005. A tropical garden flora: plants cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and other tropical places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 908 pp.

U. S. Government. 2011. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (on-line resource).

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).