Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  yes

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Annual herb with an erect or somewhat decumbent main stem, not forming a rosette, simple or branched near the base, 2-10 dm tall. Plants very densely to sparsely long-villous, the hairs soft, densely to sparsely short-villous and glandular-pubescent.  Cauline leaves narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, acute, acute to truncate at the base, sessile, 3.5-10 cm long, 0.5-2 cm wide; bracts narrowly oblong or narrowly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, acute, truncate to subcordate at the base, sessile, 2.5-6 cm long, 0.5-2 cm wide, longer than the capsule they subtend or subequal to them, occasionally shorter; leaves plane or coarsely undulate at the margins, irregularly serrate, the teeth blunt. Inflorescence mostly branched, floral tube 1.5-4.5 cm long, buds oblong to lanceolate in outline, 0.7-1.7 cm long, 3-5 mm thick, often red striped at the junction of the sepals with the floral tube, sepals often flecked with dark red, apices of the sepals 1-2 mm long, mostly erect, petals broadly obovate to very broadly obovate, sometimes broadly elliptic, 0.7-2.5 cm long, anthers 5-12 mm long, filaments 5-15 mm long, style short, the anthers shedding pollen directly on the stigma at anthesis, 2-6 cm long, stigma lobes 3-6 mm long, ovary 1-2 cm long. Capsule (20-) 25-40 (-45) mm long, 3-4 mm thick. Seeds elliptic to broadly elliptic in outline, 1.2,-2 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm thick, brown"  (Smithsonian Botany).

Habitat/ecology:  (no habitat/ecology info known by PIER)

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Argentina and Chile (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 555)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island)	introduced invasive	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 555)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Morro Juanango	introduced invasive	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 555)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Chile (continental) Chile	Chile (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011) Antofagasta, Coquimbo, Santiago, Valparaiso

Additional information:
Additional online information about Oenothera picensis is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Oenothera picensis as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Oenothera picensis may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John. 2011. Naturalized species in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile. Unpublished spreadsheet.

Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido. 2006. Nouveau catalogue de la flore vaculaire de l'archipel Juan Fernández (Chile) [Nuevo catálogo de la flora vacular del Archipélago Juan Fernández (Chile)]. Acta Bot. Gallica 153(4):399-587.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.