(L.) Merr., Convolvulaceae |
|
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Risk assessment results: High risk, score: 18 (Go to the risk assessment)
Other Latin names: Convolvulus peltatus L.; Ipomoea nymphaeifolia Blume; Ipomoea peltata (L.) Choisy
Common name(s): [more details]
Chamorro: lagon, lagoun, lagun |
Chuukese: fidau, fitaw, fitay |
English: merremia |
Fijian: veliyana, viliviwa, viliyawa, wa bula, wa damu, wa mbula, wa ndamu, wiliao |
Kosraean: pāla, para, puhlah |
Kwaraae: kwalo ambui |
Maori (Cook Islands): kūrima |
Niuean: fue, fue kula, fue vao |
Palauan: kebeas |
Pohnpeian: ceul, ihoil, iol, iol wah poh mehi, lol, yol, yool |
Rotuman: puketeraufasa |
Samoan: fue lautetele |
Tahitian: pohue |
Tongan: fue mea, pula |
Yapese: wachathal |
Habit: vine
Description: "A stout, subwoody twiner, with large tuberous roots; milky sap " (Stone, 1970; p. 496).
"Coarse glabrous twiner; leaves broadly cordate to orbicular, peltately attached, obtuse in general outline but very shortly and abruptly acuminate, strongly nerved; peduncles with a paniculate cyme of as many as 13 or more flowers; sepals glabrous, strongly concave or somewhat ventricose, to 2 cm long, obtuse, only slightly accrescent but becoming very firm and hard in fruit; corolla white or yellow, 5-6 cm long, ribs slightly glandular-puberulent without, broadly campanulate funnelform; capsule about 15 mm long, splitting into many lanceolate valves; seeds dull brown, densely long-pilose. Both yellow and white-flowered forms are known" (Fosberg and Sachet, 1977; p. 27).
Main diagnostic features of the common weedy species of Merremia found in the Solomon Islands (from Bacon, 1982):
M. peltata | |||
Leaf shape | peltate | sagittate | sagittate |
Leaf indumentum | glabrous | pubescent when young, glabrous when mature | densely pubescent when mature |
Leaf texture | smooth | rugose | smooth |
Flower bracts | absent | absent | large and numerous |
Flower colour | creamy white* | pure white | yellow |
Anthers | spirally twisting at dehiscence | not spirally twisting at dehiscence | spirally twisting at dehiscence |
*M. peltata also has a yellow-flowered form.
Habitat/ecology: Grows in forests and thickets, crawling up and over shrubs and trees. Prevalent as a primary/secondary species in disturbed areas up to about 300 m in elevation. Where it is especially aggressive, it can smother trees or groups of trees. In Fiji, "occurring from near sea level to about 400 m in forest or on its edges or in thickets, on open hillsides and along roadsides, becoming locally abundant and weedy in disturbed areas" (Smith, 1991; pp. 49-50). In New Caledonia, "peut-être indigène mais tous les spécimens vus sont récents. Trouvé en peuplements dispersés tout le long de la côte Est; généralement abondant là où il existe" (MacKee, 1994; p. 42).
Propagation: Seed, adventitious rooting from stems.
Native range: Indo-Pacific. Whether it is native or an aboriginal introduction on many Pacific islands is open to question. It is a recent introduction to others, and still not present on some.
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
introduced
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 5) |
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
introduced
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 5) |
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island | Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 159) | |
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1959) (voucher ID: BISH 140348)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1975) (voucher ID: BISH 430199)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Aitutaki Atoll | McCormack, Gerald (2013) | |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Aitutaki Atoll |
introduced
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 8) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Atiu Island |
native
|
McCormack, Gerald (2013) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Atiu Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 16) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Atiu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 664494)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Mauke Island |
native
|
McCormack, Gerald (2013) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Mauke Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 16) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Mitiaro Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 16) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Rarotonga Island |
native
|
McCormack, Gerald (2013) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Rarotonga Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 16) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Rarotonga Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 665076)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Chuuk Islands |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 140381)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 140390)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Fefan Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Tol Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Waguk, Erick E. (2000) (p. 6)
Vouchers: BMW 5766 (BISH, BRI, GUAM), BMW 5770 (BISH, BRI) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
native
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy (2010) (p. 15)
Widely naturalized, serious weed. Native but invasive. |
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
introduced
invasive |
Josekutty, P. C./Wakuk, E. E./Joseph, M. J. (2002) (p. 63) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
native
|
Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy (2005) (p. 17)
Common vine, scattered to forming dense stands. |
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 39149)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 140377)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 140386)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1977) (voucher ID: BISH 429589)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (2000) (voucher ID: BISH 687683)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (2000) (voucher ID: BISH 687766)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
Sanney, Jacob A. (2013) (p. 19)
"ecological aspects such as their taxonomy, native range and invasiveness can be clarified; and management options considered" |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Glassman, S. F. (1952) (p. 100)
Vouchers cited: Glassman 2726 (US), Glassman 2775 (US), Glassman 2769 (US), Takamatsu 828 (BISH), Takamatsu 921 (BISH), Takamatsu 1102 (BISH) |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
native
|
Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. (2010) (p. 81)
Vouchers cited: E. Albert 38 (NY, PTBG), E. Albert 48 (NY, PTBG), M.J. Balick 4087 (NY), M.J. Balick 4174 (BISH, NY, PTBG), A. Dores 42 (BISH, NY, PTBG), R. Gallen 75 (NY, PTBG), S.F. Glassman 2726 (BISH), S.F. Glassman 2769 (BISH), E.Y. Hosaka 3521 (BISH), F. Sohl 54 (NY, PTBG), M. Takamatsu 828 (BISH), M. Takamatsu 921 (BISH), M. Takamatsu 991a (BISH), M. Takamatsu 1102 (BISH) Native but invasive. |
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 140378)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 140379)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 140380)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 140383)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 140384)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 140385)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 140387)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 140391)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 39150)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 43704)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2004) (voucher ID: PTBG 43501)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Tomil Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 140388)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Yap (Waqab) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Yap (Waqab) Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Falanruw, Marjorie (1999) (p. Field notes.) |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Beqa Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1972) (voucher ID: BISH 448432)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Beqa Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1972) (voucher ID: BISH 448648)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Fiji Islands |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1955) (voucher ID: BISH 22145)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Kandavu Island |
native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1991) (pp. 49-50)
Voucher cited: Smith 191 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Kandavu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1933) (voucher ID: BISH 140364)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Mbengga Island |
native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1991) (pp. 49-50)
Voucher cited: Weiner 221 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Rotuma Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 612928)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Rotuma Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 612929)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Rotuma Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 612930)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Rotuma Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 612933)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Taveuni Island |
native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1991) (pp. 49-50)
Voucher cited: Seeman 325 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Vanua Levu Island |
native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1991) (pp. 49-50)
Vouchers cited: DA 16958, DA 12930, Smith 6634, DA 10484, Greenwood 528 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Vanua Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1969) (voucher ID: BISH 33882)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Vanua Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 140362)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Vanua Mbalavu Island |
native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1991) (pp. 49-50)
Vouchers cited: Bryan 584, Garnock-Jones 1135 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Vanua Mbalavu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1924) (voucher ID: BISH 140363)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1991) (pp. 49-50)
Vouchers cited: Smith 9211, Gillespie 2938, DA 11503, Meebold 16995, DA 11968, DA 11041, Vaughan 3293, H.B.R. Parham 15, DA 6095, Meebold 16988, Meebold 26554 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 6971)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 33881)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 140361)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1932) (voucher ID: BISH 140365)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1932) (voucher ID: BISH 140366)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1927) (voucher ID: BISH 140367)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Bora Bora Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 12080 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Bora Bora Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1993) (voucher ID: BISH 662539)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Huahine Island |
native
|
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 87)
Voucher cited: Fosberg 61187 |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Huahine Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J. Florence & R. Tahuaitu 11760 (PAP), F.R. Fosberg 61187 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Huahine Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 648835)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Maupiti (Maurua) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1987) (p. 58)
Vouchers cited: Gillette 7 (US), Fosberg 64918 (US) |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Maupiti (Maurua) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: F.R. Fosberg 64918 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Maupiti (Maurua) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1985) (voucher ID: BISH 614450)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Moorea Island |
University of California (2006)
"Covers an extensive amount of canopy in inland rainforest, often not producing leaves or flowers in the understory". |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Moorea Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J. Florence 4831 (PAP), J. Florence 5023 (PAP), F.R. Fosberg 63680 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Moorea Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 492639)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Moorea Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 574246)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Raiatea (Havai) Island |
native
|
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 87)
Vouchers cited: Moore 211, BRY 25405, BRY 26088 |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Raiatea (Havai) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J. Florence 3698 (PAP), P. Morat 6925 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Raiatea (Havai) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 491521)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Raiatea (Havai) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 492172)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahaa Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: F.R. Fosberg 63526 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahaa Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 582794)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
native
|
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 87) |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J. Florence 3620 (PAP), J. Florence, C. Ollier & R. Tahauitu 11487 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 643431)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands |
Raivavae (Raevavae) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence & W.R. Sykes 11240 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands |
Raivavae (Raevavae) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 643998)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands |
Rurutu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 6130 (PAP) Adventice, menace pour la biodiversité. |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
native
|
Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (p. 496)
Presence not verified. |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Kauai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wood, Kenneth R. (2012) (pp. 91-92)
Voucher cited: Keith Robinson s.n. (BISH, PTBG) |
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain |
Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll |
introduced
invasive |
Vander Velde, Nancy (2003) (p. 85) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia |
New Caledonia Islands | Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 94) | |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
possibly native
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 42)
Vouchers cited: MacKee 20038, MacKee 23301, MacKee 29260, MacKee 29261, MacKee 32099, MacKee 36091 |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
native
|
Sykes, W. R. (1970) (p. 73)
Voucher cited: CHR 169782 |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
native
invasive |
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 14) |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
native
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 8) |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
native
|
Whistler, W. A./Atherton, J. (1997) (p. 30)
Voucher cited: Whistler 10855 |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
native
|
Yuncker, T. G. (1943) (p. 98)
Vouchers cited: Yuncker 9769 (BISH), Yuncker 9850 (BISH), Yuncker 10018 (BISH) "Common in thickets where it covers trees and shrubs with a vigorous growth". |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
native
invasive |
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara M./Newfield, Melanie/Bull, Cate (2004) (p. 16) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 18, 85) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
native
|
Lorence, David H./Flynn, Tim (2010) (p. 26)
Voucher cited: Lorence 8205 (PTBG) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 22)
Voucher: Lorence 9820 (PTBG, BNM, NY, US) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 39146)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1968) (voucher ID: BISH 410837)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1968) (voucher ID: BISH 438004)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1996) (voucher ID: BISH 651021)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1996) (voucher ID: BISH 661203)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1968) (voucher ID: BNM 295)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1996) (voucher ID: BNM 26385)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2008) (voucher ID: PTBG 113)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1998) (voucher ID: PTBG 27918)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merrill |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Kayangel (Ngcheangel) Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 18, 89) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 227) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 18, 81) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 22) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1950) (voucher ID: BISH 140389)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1974) (voucher ID: BISH 410844)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1974) (voucher ID: BISH 561314)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1974) (voucher ID: BNM 10058)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Malakal (Ngemelachel) Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 18, 81) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Ngerkebesang Island |
native
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 18, 81) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Palau Islands (main island group) |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 140382)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Papua New Guinea
Bismarck Archipelago |
Bismarck Archipelago |
Peekel, P. G. [translated by E. E. Henty] (1984) (p. 467)
Common |
|
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands |
native
|
Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 362)
Often common in secondary forests at low and medium altitudes. |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
possibly native
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 13) |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1968) (voucher ID: BISH 28796)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1931) (voucher ID: BISH 140345)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 140347)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1905) (voucher ID: BISH 140349)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 140350)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1931) (voucher ID: BISH 140396)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
possibly native
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 13) |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1972) (voucher ID: BISH 83896)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Mikira (San Cristobal) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1932) (voucher ID: BISH 140368)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Solomon Islands |
native
|
Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 94)
See also M. bracteata |
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Solomon Islands |
native
|
Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 91) |
Tonga
Tonga Islands |
Tonga Islands |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 224)
"Rather frequent throughout Tonga". |
|
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Eua Island |
probably native
|
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2001) (p. 12) |
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Eua Island |
native
|
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 17)
Vouchers cited: Lister s.n., Hurlimann 171, Yuncker 15382, Sykes 838 |
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Eua Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 224)
Voucher cited: Yuncker 15382 |
|
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Eua Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 140341)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Tongatapu Island |
Ellison, Joanna C. (1990) (p. 31)
On outlier islet of Nuku |
|
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Tafahi Island |
native
|
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 17)
Voucher cited: Whistler 6225 |
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Vavau Island |
probably native
|
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2001) (p. 12) |
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Vavau Island |
native
|
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 17)
Vouchers cited: Harvey s.n., Crosby 131, Yuncker 16186, Buelow 1439 |
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Vavau Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 224)
Voucher cited: Yuncker 16186 |
|
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Vavau Island | Burkill, I. H. (1900) (p. 48) | |
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Vavau Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 140342)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Vavau Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1960) (voucher ID: BISH 140574)
Taxon name on voucher: Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. |
|
Vanuatu
New Hebrides Islands |
Vanuatu (Republic of) |
introduced
invasive |
Shine, C./Reaser, J. K./Gutierrez, A. T., eds. (2003) (p. 179) |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Alofi Island |
introduced
invasive |
Orapa, Warea (2005) |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Futuna Island |
introduced
invasive |
Orapa, Warea (2005) |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Futuna Island |
invasive
|
Meyer, Jean-Yves/Jourdan, Hervé/Malau, Atoloto (2008) (p. 8)
"Covers entire lowland slopes". |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis (Uvea) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Orapa, Warea (2005) |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis (Uvea) Island |
possibly introduced
invasive abo. intro. |
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2007) (pp. 11, 32)
Cette liane ligneuse rampante et grimpante est abondamment naturalisée. Elle pourrait être indigène ou d’introduction polynésienne. |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis (Uvea) Island |
invasive
|
Meyer, Jean-Yves/Jourdan, Hervé/Malau, Atoloto (2008) (p. 8)
"Thriving in abandoned cultivated areas". |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis and Futuna Islands | Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 14) | |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis and Futuna Islands |
introduced
invasive |
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 107)
Forest edge. |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Queensland |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Indonesia
Indonesia |
Indonesia (Republic of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Malaysia
Malaysia |
Malaysia (country of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Indian Ocean | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia (Indian Ocean offshore islands)
Christmas Island Group |
Christmas Island |
native
|
Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1993) (p. 17) |
La Réunion (France)
La Réunion Island |
La Réunion Island |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
La Réunion (France)
La Réunion Island |
La Réunion Island |
uncertain if native
|
Lavergne, Christophe (2006)
"Naturalisé (indigène?)" |
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) |
Mauritius Island |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Seychelles Islands |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Seychelles Islands |
introduced
|
Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017) |
Comments: Quite invasive on Tutuila, American Samoa. Local sources say it was introduced about 1970, although this may just have been when it became a noticeable problem (Space & Flynn, 2000).
Introduced and invasive on Aitutaki, Cook Islands (collected by Bill Sykes there in1974 (pers. com.)). Present as a native species or Polynesian introduction on Rarotonga, Atiu and Mauke (Space & Flynn, 2002).
Very invasive in Samoa (Space & Flynn, 2002).
May be a native species or an early introduction, but aggressive behavior was observed on Kosrae, Palau and Yap.
May be native or more likely an early introduction to Tonga, as it only occurs on some islands.
Thought to have been introduced to Vanuatu about the time of World War Two.
May be an old introduction rather than a native on Tahiti.
Naturalizing on Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Control:
Physical: Since it requires full sunlight, minimizing disturbance will inhibit growth. Hand control is difficult due to resprouting and rooting of stem fragments. "Pulling and harvesting underground tubers is difficult, but it can be effective if done repeatedly for an extended period" (Englberger, 2009; p. 22).
Chemical: Where they can be applied, such herbicides as 2,4-D, dicamba, triclopyr, picloram and glyphosate are effective.
"Triclopyr (Garlon 4) or glyphosate (Roundup) can be applied as a foliar application or as a cut-stem application with undiluted herbicide" (Englberger, 2009; p. 22).
"Trials have shown glyphosate to be an effective herbicide for use against Merremia sp., major weed problems in forestry plantation areas of the Solomon Islands. Results indicate that 1.5 kg a.i./ha would be sufficient" (Miller, 1982; pp. 347-354).