Macrotyloma axillare (E. Mey.) Verdc., Fabaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 10 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Dolichos axillaris E. Mey.

Common name(s): [more details]

English: perennial horse gram

French: archer dolichos

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Climbing herb, up to 3.5 m long, with annual stems growing from a perennial rootstock. Stems with rather dense spreading hairs. Leaves 3-foliolate with elliptic to ovate leaflets; lateral leaflets somewhat asymmetric. Flowers axillary in pairs or 4-10-flowered clusters, white to creamy yellow-green, often with a purple blotch at the base of the standard. Pods 3-8 cm, flattened, linear-oblong, pubescent, beaked"  (Flora of Zimbabwe online).

Habitat/ecology:  "On sandy soils in grassland and open woodland, sometimes in disturbed and cultivated places.  Up to 1700 m"  (Flora of Zimbabwe online).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Africa, Indian Ocean islands (Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion), Saudi Arabia and northern Yemen, Sri Lanka (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island	introduced cultivated	Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 238) Introduced as a potential pasture legume. Present status unknown.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Staples, George W./Imada, Clyde T./Herbst, Derral R. (2003) (pp. 11-12) var. glabrum (E. Mey.) Verde. Voucher cited: J. Lau 1096.5 (BISH)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced invasive	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 86) Voucher cited: MacKee 31276 Spontané
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	introduced	ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2011)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Comoros Comoro Islands	Comoro Islands	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
La Réunion (France) La Réunion Island	La Réunion Island	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Mauritius Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues)	Mauritius Island	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)

Additional information:
Fact sheet from Tropical Forages.

Additional online information about Macrotyloma axillare is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Macrotyloma axillare as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Macrotyloma axillare may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre. 2011. International Legume Database & Information Service. Online searchable database.

MacKee, H. S. 1994. Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 164 p.

Smith, Albert C. 1985. Flora Vitiensis nova: a new flora of Fiji. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai, Kauai, Hawaii. Volume 3. 758 pp.

Staples, George W./Imada, Clyde T./Herbst, Derral R. 2003. New Hawaiian plant records for 2001. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2001-2002. Part 2: Notes. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 74:7-21.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.