Lophospermum erubescens D.Don, Scrophulariaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  Low risk (based on second screen), score: 5 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Asarina erubescens (D. Don) Pennell; Maurandia erubescens (D. Don) A. Gray; Maurandia scandens (D. Don) A. Gray var. erubescens (D. Don) Voss

Common name(s): [more details]

English: creeping gloxinia, larger roving sailor, Mexican twist

Habit:  vine

Description:  "Vines from a woody caudex.  Leaves broadly deltate to cordate, blades 4.5-15.5 cm long, 4.5-15 cm wide, softly glandular pubescent, margins dentate to broadly cuneate, petioles 3-6.5 cm long.  Flowers protogynous, peduncles 2-11.5 cm long; calyx 20-26 mm long, the lobes green and sometimes tinged purple, broadly ovate, connate at base, subequal, sparsely glandular pubescent, not enlarging in fruit; corolla pinkish red to red apically and white below, narrowly funnelform, the tube 48-63 mm long, the lobes subequal, 11-14 mm long, recurved, glandular pubescent externally; staminode vestigial; style 44-50 mm long.  Capsules globose, symmetrical, 1.5-2 cm long"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1244).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "sparingly naturalized in dry forest, alien grassland, and shrubland, 200-1,440 m" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1244).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1244).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1244) Voucher cited: Rock 13001 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1244)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2009)
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive cultivated	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 1195) "Thriving on almost soilless lava under trees for many years without increasing markedly; presumably an escape from cultivation".

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
La Réunion (France) La Réunion Island	La Réunion Island	introduced invasive	Lavergne, Christophe (2006) "Naturalisé/±envahissant"

Additional information:
Additional online information about Lophospermum erubescens is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Lophospermum erubescens as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Lophospermum erubescens may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

Other Latin names:  Asarina erubescens (D. Don) Pennell; Maurandia erubescens (D. Don) A. Gray; Maurandia scandens (D. Don) A. Gray var. erubescens (D. Don) Voss

References:

Lavergne, Christophe. 2006. List des especes exotiques envahissantes a La Reunion. Unpublished manuscript (Excel file). .

U. S. Government. 2009. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (on-line resource).

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2009. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).

Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. 1988. Flora of New Zealand, Volume IV: Naturalised pteridophytes, gymnosperms, dicotyledons. Botany Division, DSIR, Christchurch. 1365 pp.