Lophospermum erubescens D.Don, Plantaginaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 10 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Asarina erubescens (D. Don) Pennell; Maurandia erubescens (D. Don) A. Gray; Maurandia scandens (D. Don) A. Gray var. erubescens (D. Don) Voss

Common name(s): [more details]

English: creeping gloxinia, larger roving sailor, Mexican twist

Habit:  vine

Description:  "Vines from a woody caudex.  Leaves broadly deltate to cordate, blades 4.5-15.5 cm long, 4.5-15 cm wide, softly glandular pubescent, margins dentate to broadly cuneate, petioles 3-6.5 cm long.  Flowers protogynous, peduncles 2-11.5 cm long; calyx 20-26 mm long, the lobes green and sometimes tinged purple, broadly ovate, connate at base, subequal, sparsely glandular pubescent, not enlarging in fruit; corolla pinkish red to red apically and white below, narrowly funnelform, the tube 48-63 mm long, the lobes subequal, 11-14 mm long, recurved, glandular pubescent externally; staminode vestigial; style 44-50 mm long.  Capsules globose, symmetrical, 1.5-2 cm long"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1244).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "sparingly naturalized in dry forest, alien grassland, and shrubland, 200-1,440 m" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1244).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1244).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1244) Voucher cited: Rock 13001 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Starr, Forest/Martz, Kim/Loope, Lloyd L. (1999) (p. 14) East Maui. Voucher cited: Starr & Martz 980404-22
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1244)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive cultivated	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 1195) "Thriving on almost soilless lava under trees for many years without increasing markedly; presumably an escape from cultivation".

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
La Réunion (France) La Réunion Island	La Réunion Island	introduced invasive	Lavergne, Christophe (2006) "Naturalisé/±envahissant"

Additional information:
Additional online information about Lophospermum erubescens is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Lophospermum erubescens as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Lophospermum erubescens may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Lavergne, Christophe. 2006. List des especes exotiques envahissantes a La Reunion. Unpublished manuscript (Excel file). .

Starr, Forest/Martz, Kim/Loope, Lloyd L. 1999. New plant records from East Maui for 1998. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1998. Part 2: Notes. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 59:11-15.

U. S. Government. 2011. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (on-line resource).

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).

Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. 1988. Flora of New Zealand, Volume IV: Naturalised pteridophytes, gymnosperms, dicotyledons. Botany Division, DSIR, Christchurch. 1365 pp.