Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Foss., Brassicaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

English: bastard rocket, buchan weed, hairy brassica, hoary mustard, shortpod mustard

French: hirschfeldie grisâtre, roquette bâtarde

Spanish: jaramago blanco

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Annual to perennial. Hairs stiff, simple, recurved. Stem ± stout, often much-branched, densely hairy below, becoming glabrous above, 30-70-(100) cm tall. Leaves all densely hairy, petiolate. Rosette leaves crowded, 4-10-(30) x 1.5-3-(6) cm; terminal leaflet ovate to oblong, rarely ± triangular, often with 1-2 rounded lobes at base; lateral lobes oblong to triangular, ± auriculate at base; margins irregularly bluntly serrate to crenate. Stem leaves few, smaller than rosette leaves and with fewer leaflets, bluntly serrate, the uppermost simple, narrow-oblanceolate. Racemes many, obliquely spreading, 30-50 cm tall. Pedicels erect, swollen and narrowly clavate at fruiting, 4-8 mm long. Sepals 2-3 x 0.5-1 mm, oblanceolate. Petals pale yellow, often with dark veins; claw narrow, c. 1/3 as long as limb. Silique glabrous, erect, 6-10 x 1-2 mm; valves 4-6 mm long, 3-veined when immature but veins obscure when mature; beak swollen, 2-4 mm long, (0)-1-(2)-seeded. Seeds c. 1 mm long, (1)-3-5 per locule"  (Webb et al., 1988; p. 423).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "in dry, disturbed areas and along roadsides in high elevation Sophora dry forest" on the island of Hawai‘i. Also on East Maui in vacant lots, 366 m (1200 ft.) (Lorence et al., 1995; p. 26).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Northern Africa, southern Europe and western Asia (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive cultivated	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 554)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. (1995) (p. 26) Vouchers cited: T. Flynn 1289 (PTBG), W.L. Wagner et al. 5236 (BISH), K. R. Wood & S. Perlman 2604 (MO, PTBG), D. Herbst & S. Ishikawa 5169 (BISH), W. L. Wagner & R. Warshauer 4681 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. (1995) (p. 26) East Maui. Voucher cited: K. M. Nagata 2563 (BISH)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Australia (continental)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 175)
Japan Japan	Japan (country)	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 183)
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 423) "Waste land, especially near ports, on railway ballast and roadsides".

Additional information:
Additional online information about Hirschfeldia incana is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Hirschfeldia incana as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Hirschfeldia incana may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John. 2011. Naturalized species in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile. Unpublished spreadsheet.

Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido. 2006. Nouveau catalogue de la flore vaculaire de l'archipel Juan Fernández (Chile) [Nuevo catálogo de la flora vacular del Archipélago Juan Fernández (Chile)]. Acta Bot. Gallica 153(4):399-587.

Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias. 1988. Dicot weeds, vol. 1. CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basle, Switzerland. 335 pp.

Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. 1995. Contributions to the flora of Hawai‘i. III. New additions, range extensions, and rediscoveries of flowering plants. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Miller, Scott, E., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1994. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 41:19-58.

Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro. 2004. Invasive alien species in Japan: the status quo and the new regulation for prevention of their adverse effects. Global Environmental Research 8(2)/2004: 171-191.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. 1988. Flora of New Zealand, Volume IV: Naturalised pteridophytes, gymnosperms, dicotyledons. Botany Division, DSIR, Christchurch. 1365 pp.