Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Foss., Brassicaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Other Latin names:  Brassica adpressa Boiss.; Erucastrum incanum (L.) Koch; Sinapis incana L.

Common name(s): [more details]

English: Mediterranean mustard, bastard rocket, buchan weed, hairy brassica, hoary mustard, shortpod mustard, summer mustard

French: hirschfeldie grisâtre, roquette bâtarde

Spanish: jaramago blanco

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Annual to perennial. Hairs stiff, simple, recurved. Stem ± stout, often much-branched, densely hairy below, becoming glabrous above, 30-70-(100) cm tall. Leaves all densely hairy, petiolate. Rosette leaves crowded, 4-10-(30) x 1.5-3-(6) cm; terminal leaflet ovate to oblong, rarely ñ triangular, often with 1-2 rounded lobes at base; lateral lobes oblong to triangular, ± auriculate at base; margins irregularly bluntly serrate to crenate. Stem leaves few, smaller than rosette leaves and with fewer leaflets, bluntly serrate, the uppermost simple, narrow-oblanceolate. Racemes many, obliquely spreading, 30-50 cm tall. Pedicels erect, swollen and narrowly clavate at fruiting, 4-8 mm long. Sepals 2-3 x 0.5-1 mm, oblanceolate. Petals pale yellow, often with dark veins; claw narrow, c. 1/3 as long as limb. Silique glabrous, erect, 6-10 x 1-2 mm; valves 4-6 mm long, 3-veined when immature but veins obscure when mature; beak swollen, 2-4 mm long, (0)-1-(2)-seeded. Seeds c. 1 mm long, (1)-3-5 per locule"  (Webb et al., 1988; p. 423).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "in dry, disturbed areas and along roadsides in high elevation Sophora dry forest" on the island of Hawai‘i. Also on East Maui in vacant lots, 366 m (1200 ft.) (Lorence et al., 1995; p. 26).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Northern Africa, southern Europe and western Asia; naturalized elsewhere (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive cultivated	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 554)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. (1995) (p. 26) Vouchers cited: T. Flynn 1289 (PTBG), W.L. Wagner et al. 5236 (BISH), K. R. Wood & S. Perlman 2604 (MO, PTBG), D. Herbst & S. Ishikawa 5169 (BISH), W. L. Wagner & R. Warshauer 4681 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. (1995) (p. 26) East Maui. Voucher cited: K. M. Nagata 2563 (BISH)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	New South Wales	introduced invasive	National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013) Naturalised
Australia Australia (continental)	Australia (continental)	introduced invasive	National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013) South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria Naturalised
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	introduced invasive	National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013) Naturalised
Japan Japan	Japan	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Honshu Naturalized
Japan Japan	Japan	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 183)
Japan Ryukyu Islands	Ryukyu Islands	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 423) "Waste land, especially near ports, on railway ballast and roadsides".
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Chile (Republic of)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
United States (west coast) United States (west coast states)	USA (California)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	United States (other states)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Nevada, Oregon Naturalized
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	USA (Florida)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized

Control:  If you know of control methods for Hirschfeldia incana, please let us know.