Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., Myrtaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results: 

Reject, score: 12 (Go to the risk assessment (U.S.)).
Reject, score: 12 (Go to the risk assessment (U.S. (Florida))).

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: chi an

English: Murray red gum, red gum, river gum, river red gum

French: eucalyptus rouge

Spanish: eucalipto negro, eucalipto rojo

Habit:  tree

Description:  "Trees 20 -45 m tall, bark white, gray, brown, or red in patches, smooth throughout.  Adult leaves alternate, blades concolorous, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 8-30 cm long, 0.7-2 cm wide, apex acuminate, petioles 12-15 mm long.  Flowers 7-11 in axillary, simple umbels, peduncles 6-15 mm long, pedicels 5-12 mm long; buds globose-rostrate or ovoid-conical, 6-9 mm long, 3-6 mm wide; operculum hemispherical, rostrate, or conical, apex obtuse.  Fruit hemispherical or ovoid, 5-8 mm long and wide, valves 3-5, exserted"  (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 951-952).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "extensively planted...and regenerating from seed at least within or near the plantations" (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 951-952).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  "Native to much of mainland Australia, particularly in drier areas, often near watercourses" (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 951-952).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Santa Cruz Group	Santa Cruz Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	introduced	Raulerson, L. (2006) (p. 51)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 951-952)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 951-952)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 951-952)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 951-952)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 951-952)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Solomon Islands	introduced cultivated	Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 72)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Northern Territory	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
China China	China (People's Republic of)	introduced cultivated	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2011) Cultivated in Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Zhejiang.
China China	Hong Kong	introduced cultivated	Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 162)
Panama Panama	Panama (Republic of)		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1970) (voucher ID: PTBG 32362) Taxon name on voucher: Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)	introduced cultivated	Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 40) Cultivated only
Taiwan Taiwan	Taiwan Island	introduced cultivated	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2011)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Cousin Island	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R. (1983) (p. 30) Vouchers cited: Fosberg 52137 (US), Fosberg 52150 (US)

Comments:  Reported as possibly an invasive plant in the Galápagos Islands per Charles Darwin Research Station.

Additional information:
Fact sheet from "Common forest trees of Hawaii" (PDF format).
Fact sheet from Florabank.
Information from the USDA Tropical Tree Seed Manual (PDF format).

Additional online information about Eucalyptus camaldulensis is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Eucalyptus camaldulensis as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Eucalyptus camaldulensis may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Charles Darwin Foundation. 2008. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos, Ecuador.

Charles Darwin Research Station. 2005. CDRS Herbarium records.

Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. 2009. A checklist of the total vascular plant flora of Singapore: native, naturalised and cultivated species. Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore. 273 pp.

Fosberg, F. R. 1983. Natural history of Cousin Island. In: Sachet, M. H., D. R. Stoddart, and F. R. Fosberg. Floristics and ecology of Western Indian Ocean islands. Atoll Research Bulletin No. 273. Smithsonian Institution, Washington. 253 pp.

Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. 1988. Flora of the Solomon Islands. Research Bulletin No. 7. Ministry of Agriculture and Lands, Honiara. 203 pp.

Little, Elbert L./Skolmen, Roger G. 1989. Common forest trees of Hawaii (native and introduced). USDA Agriculture Handbook 679. Washington, D.C. 377 pp. + plates.

National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.). 1970. Voucher specimen #PTBG32362(Thomas B. Croat 10627).

Raulerson, L. 2006. Checklist of Plants of the Mariana Islands. University of Guam Herbarium Contribution 37:1-69. .

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).

Wu, Te-lin. 2001. Check List of Hong Kong Plants. Hong Kong Herbarium and the South China Institute of Botany. Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department Bulletin 1 (revised). 384 pp.

Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2011. Flora of China (online resource).