(All.) Link, Poaceae
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(All.) Link, Poaceae |
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Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Other Latin names: Eragrostis megastachya (Koel.) Lk.; Poa cilianensis All.
Common name(s): [more details]
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Chinese: da hua mei cao |
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English: gray love grass, spreading lovegrass, stinkgrass |
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French: amourette, grande éragrostide |
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Japanese: suzumegaya |
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Spanish: bailarines, espiguilla, lindrilla, traicionero, zacate apestoso, zorilla |
Habit: grass
Description: "Tufted annuals, strongly scented when fresh; culms somewhat weak, erect or ascending from a decumbent base, 2-4 dm tall, branching at base. Sheaths usually somewhat compressed, conspicuously pilose at throat, otherwise glabrous; ligule a line of hairs 0.7-1.2 mm long; blades dark green, flat, 5-15 cm long, 3-6 mm wide, upper surface scabrous, lower surface glabrous, margins with conspicuous tuberculate glands. Panicles green to grayish green, moderately dense, 5-15 cm long; spikelets 10-40-flowered, oblong, 5-15 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide, compressed; glumes often purple-tinged, subequal, keels sparsely covered with minute glands, apex acute, first glume 1-1.2 mm long, second glume 1.5-1.7 mm long; lemmas closely imbricate, thin, 2-2.5 mm long, conspicuously 3-nerved, keel sparsely covered with minute glands, apex acute, scabrous, palea 1.2-1.7 mm long, keels minutely ciliate. Caryopsis reddish brown, ovoid to globose, punctate, 0.5-1 mm long" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1541).
Description from GrassBase.
Habitat/ecology: "A weed of roadsides, waste places, and cultivated fields" (Wiggins & Porter, 1971; pp. 850-852).
In Hawai‘i, "naturalized in dry sties, including beaches, pastures, and open mesic shrubland, 0-280 m" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1541). In New Caledonia, "largement dispersé sur la Grande-Terre sans être commun" (MacKee, 1994; p. 59).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: "Tropical and warm temperate regions of the Old World, now naturalized in the New World" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1541).
Presence:
| Pacific | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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Australia (Pacific offshore islands)
Lord Howe Island |
Lord Howe Island |
introduced
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Pickard, J. (1984) (p. 205) |
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Australia (Pacific offshore islands)
Lord Howe Island |
Lord Howe Island |
introduced
invasive |
Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 22)
"An occasional weed". Voucher cited: L.M. Bingley 6 (K) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Darwin Islands |
Darwin Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Española Group |
Española Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Española Group |
Gardner por Espaņola Islet, Española Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Española Group |
Oeste Islet, Española Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Española Group |
Osborn Islet, Española Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Floreana Group |
Floreana Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Floreana Group |
Gardner por Floreana Island, Floreana Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Genovesa Group |
Genovesa Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Isabela Group |
Isabela Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Isabela Group |
Volcán Alcedo, Isabela Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Isabela Group |
Volcán Sierra Negra, Isabela Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Pinta Group |
Pinta Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Pinzón Group |
Pinzón Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Baltra Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Daphne Mayor Island, Santa Cruz Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Plaza Norte Islet, Santa Cruz Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Punta Bowditch Norte Islet, Santa Cruz Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Punta Bowditch Sur Islet, Santa Cruz Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Santa Cruz Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Venecia Islet, Santa Cruz Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Fé Group |
Santa Fé Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santiago Group |
Bainbridge #6 Rock, Santiago Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santiago Group |
Rábida Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santiago Group |
Santiago Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Wolf Island |
Wolf Island |
possibly introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Hawai‘i (Big) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1541) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Kaho‘olawe Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1541) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Kaua‘i Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1541) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Maui Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1541) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Moloka‘i Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1541) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
O‘ahu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1541) |
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New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 59)
Voucher cited: Vieillard 3352 |
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Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) | Henty, E. E. (1969) (p. 93) | |
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Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands |
Merrill, Elmer D. (1925) (p. 88)
In open waste places at low altitudes. |
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Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 69) | |
| Pacific Rim | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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Australia
Australia (continental) |
Australia (continental) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 69) | |
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Cambodia
Cambodia |
Cambodia (Kingdom of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011) |
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Chile (continental)
Chile |
Chile (Republic of) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 69) | |
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China
China |
China (People's Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011) |
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Indonesia
Indonesia |
Indonesia (Republic of) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 69) | |
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Japan
Japan |
Japan (country) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011) |
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Mexico
Mexico |
Mexico (United Mexican States) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 69) | |
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New Zealand
New Zealand |
New Zealand (country) |
introduced
invasive |
Edgar, E./Connor, H. (2000) (p. 527)
"Waste land, roadsides, mainly in sandy ground". |
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Taiwan
Taiwan |
Taiwan Island | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. plate) | |
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Thailand
Thailand |
Thailand (Kingdom of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011) |
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Vietnam
Vietnam |
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011) |
Additional information:
Additional online information about Eragrostis cilianensis is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).
Information about Eragrostis cilianensis as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).
Taxonomic information about Eragrostis cilianensis may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).
References:
Charles Darwin Foundation. 2008. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos, Ecuador.
Charles Darwin Research Station. 2005. CDRS Herbarium records.
Edgar, E./Connor, H. 2000. Flora of New Zealand, vol. V: Gramineae. Manaaki Whenua Press.
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Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar. 1980. Grass weeds, vol. 2. CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basle, Switzerland. 137 pp. + plates.
Henty, E. E. 1969. A manual of the grasses of New Guinea. Department of Forests, Division of Botany, Botany Bull. No. 1. Lae, New Guinea. 215 pp.
MacKee, H. S. 1994. Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 164 p.
Merrill, Elmer D. 1925. An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, vol. 1 [reprint]. Bureau of Printing, Manila. 463 pp.
Orchard, Anthony E., ed. 1994. Flora of Australia. Vol. 49, Oceanic islands 1. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
Pickard, J. 1984. Exotic plants on Lord Howe Island: Distribution in space and time, 1853-1981. J. of Biogeography 11:181-208.
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).
Wiggins, I. L./Porter, D. M. 1971. Flora of the Galapágos Islands. Stanford University Press. 998 pp.
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2011. Flora of China (online resource).