Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff. ex Hook. f. & Thomson) Martelli, Dilleniaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  Evaluate, score: 3 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Wormia suffruticosa Griff. ex Hook. f. & Thomson

Common name(s): [more details]

English: shrubby dillenia, shrubby simpoh, shrubby simpohlenia

Habit:  shrub/tree

Description:  "Large shrubs or small trees, evergreen, up to 10 m. Leaves elliptic to ovate, 15-30 by 8-15 cm, 12-20-nerved, rounded to obtuse at apex, obtuse at base, base continuous with petiolar wings. Petiole 2-6 cm, with 4-10 mm broad persistent wings enclosing terminal bud in young leaf. Flowers in up to 18-flowered terminal simple or compound racemose inflorescences, 8-12 cm across. Pedicel 1-3 cm. Sepals obovate, 15-22 by 8-12 mm. Petals yellow, 40-50 by 25-30 mm. Staminodes ca 100, 4-6 mm long, outside stamens. Stamens ca 175, outer ones curved, inner ones reflexed at apex, from 8 (outermost) to 13 (innermost) mm long. Carpels 5-8, ca 5 by 2 mm with 10 mm long style; each with 7-10 ovules. Fruit dehiscent, sepals reflexed, carpels spreading, red, ca 20-25 by 10-16 mm. Seeds arillate" (Hoogland, 1972; p. 101).

Habitat/ecology:  Moist forests.

Propagation:  Seed, fruits spread by birds. Low branches root.

Native range:  Indonesia (Kalimantan, Sumatra), Malaysia, Singapore; cultivated and naturalized elsewhere (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Sato, Pauline (1998) (p. 15) Voucher cited: H. Fraiola s.n. (BISH 649596) Naturalized in disturbed moist forest.

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Indonesia Indonesia	Indonesia (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Kalimantan, Sumatra; naturalized in Java
Malaysia Malaysia	Malaysia (country of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)	native	Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 34) Common

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Seychelles Islands	introduced	Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017)

Comments:  Widely grown as an ornamental shrub in tropical countries and naturalized in Ceylon, W. Java, Jamaica and possibly Luzon (Hoogland, 1972; p. 101).

Control:  If you know of control methods for Dillenia suffruticosa, please let us know.