Cupaniopsis anacardioides (A.Rich.) Radlk., Sapindaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Threat only at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  Evaluate, score: 6 (Go to the risk assessment)

Common name(s): [more details]

English: carrotwood, tuckeroo

Habit:  tree

Description:  "Small tree, young parts, petioles, petiolules, peduncles pubescent. Petioles 3-7 cm long; leaflets 5-11; petiolules 2-7 mm long; leaflet blades elliptic, obovate or oblong, apex broad, retuse, base cuneate, margin entire, 5.5-19 cm X 2.5-6.5 cm, shining, glabrous above, pale, glabrous or puberulent below, lateral nerves spreading, parallel. Panicles 8-25 cm long, pedicels up to 2.5 mm long; outer calyx lobes 2.5 mm long, inner 3-4 mm long, puberulent; petals 1.5-3 mm long; stamens 8. Capsules yellow, subglobose, 3-furrowed and 3-ribbed, apiculate, 1.5 cm X 1.5 cm, shortly stipitate, valves thick, wrinkled and puberulent outside, densely rusty tomentose inside; seeds almost enclosed by red-orange aril" (Stanley and Ross, 1983; vol. 1, p. 512).

Habitat/ecology:  In its native range (Australia), widespread in depauperate rainforests, on creek banks and on coastal dunes (Stanley and Ross, 1983; vol. 1, p. 512). Salt-tolerant. In the US (Florida), invades both disturbed and undisturbed areas and forms dense thickets, crowding out native vegetation (Randall et al., 1996; p. 31).

Propagation:  Seed, spread by birds.

Native range:  Australia, New Guinea

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawaiian Islands	introduced cultivated	Staples, George W./Herbst, Derral/Imada, Clyde T. (2000) (p. 29)
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Northern Territory	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)
Indonesia Indonesia	Irian Jaya (West Papua) (Indonesia) (western New Guinea Island)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	USA (Florida)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2005)

Control: 

Physical: Hand-pull seedlings.

Chemical: Basal bark application of a triclopyr herbicide mixed with an oil diluent works well (Randall et al., 1996; p. 31).

Additional information:  Photos and additional information at University of Florida, Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants (see thumbnails above).
Information on this prohibited species from the Miami-Dade County [Florida] web site.
Fact sheet from the Native Plant Conservation Alliance, Alien Plant Working Group.

Additional online information about Cupaniopsis anacardioides is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Taxonomic information about Cupaniopsis anacardioides may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Randall, J. M./Marinelli, J. (eds.). 1996. Invasive plants: weeds of the global garden. Brooklyn Botanic Garden Handbook 149. 111 pp.

Stanley, T. D./Ross, E. M. 1989. Flora of south-eastern Queensland. Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Misc. Pub. 81020. 3 Volumes.

Staples, George W./Herbst, Derral/Imada, Clyde T. 2000. Survey of invasive or potentially invasive cultivated plants in Hawai‘i. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers No. 65. 35 pp.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2007. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.