Cryptostegia madagascariensis Bojer ex decne., Apocynaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 13 (Go to the risk assessment)

Common name(s): [more details]

English: Madagascar rubbervine

Habit:  vine

Description:  "Vine to subshrub.  Stems with few, prominent lenticels.  Lamina elliptic, up to 9.2 cm long and 5.2 cm wide, glabrous or with indumentum on both sides or adaxial side only; secondary veins 14-16 per side of midrib; tip shortly acuminate; base truncate; petiole 3.7-16.6 mm long, 0.6-2.9 mm diameter.  Cyme with 1-4 fasicicles.  Flowers 3-4 cm long, 5-6 cm diameter; pedicels 3.1-7.7 mm long, 2.4-3.8 mm diameter, glabrous or with sparse indumentum.  Corolla pale pink; tube 12-23 mm long, 6-12.3 mm diameter; lobes 24-41.4 mm long, 12-24.6 mm wide.  Calyx lobes lanceolate-ovate, 9-14 mm long, 3.5-6.9 mm wide.  Corolline corona of 5 entire filaments in throat of tube, each filament 6-8.5 mm long.  Staminal column ca 3 mm long, 3-4 mm diameter; anthers 3-5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide.  Translators lanceolate, ca 2.5 mm long and 1 mm wide.  Style-head conical, ca 3 mm long and 2 mm diameter.  Ovaries ca 3 mm long and 1 mm wide.  Follicles fusiform-ovoid, 5.8-9.9 cm long, 1.6-4 cm diameter.  Seeds 5.5-8.9 mm long, 1.8-3.5 mm long; coma white, 10.8-34.3 mm long"  (Marohasy and Forster, 1991; pp. 575-576).

Habitat/ecology:  Dry forest, roadsides, moist forest, rainforest openings at low elevations.  "C. madagascariensis occurs over a wide latitudinal range in western Madagascar with annual rainfall between 600 and 1800 mm.  Plants occur naturally in riverine and seasonally flooded forests.  The weedy aggressiveness of this species has been favored by the widespread destruction of forests and it may be dominant in many disturbed situations.  It is common on hillsides and along gullies in the secondary savannahs which dominate western Madagascar" (Marohasy and Forster, 1991; pp. 575-576).

Propagation:  Wind- and water-dispersed seed.

Native range:  Madagascar (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Cook Islands Northern Cook Islands	Penrhyn (Tongareva) Island	cultivated	McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	‘Atiu Island		McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Mangaia Island		McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island		McCormack, Gerald (2013)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Parker, James L./Parsons, Bobby (2012) (p. 57) Voucher cited: J. Parker & R. McGuire BIED21 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Staples, George W./Herbst, Derral R./Imada, Clyde T. (2006) (p. 6) Voucher cited: L. Buchanan s.n. (BISH 705004)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Frohlich, Danielle/Lau, Alex (2008) (pp. 3-4) Voucher cited: A. Lau & D. Frohlich 2007042702 (BISH)
Palau Palau (Belau ) (main island group)	Babeldaob Island	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 85)
Palau Palau (Belau ) (main island group)	Koror (Oreor) Island	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 80)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	introduced cultivated	Csurhes, S./Edwards, R. (1998) (p. 104)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Mauritius Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues)	Mauritius Island	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Seychelles Islands	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Seychelles Islands	introduced	Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017)

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	USA (Florida)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized

Comments:  Some naturalization in the Northern Territory, Australia.

See also Cryptostegia grandiflora.

Control:  If you know of control methods for Cryptostegia madagascariensis, please let us know.