Cotoneaster pannosus Franch., Rosaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Threat only at high elevations?  yes

Risk assessment results: 

Evaluate, score: 5 (Go to the risk assessment (Australia))
High risk, score: 7 (Go to the risk assessment (Pacific))

Common name(s): [more details]

English: silver-leaf cotoneaster

Habit:  shrub

Description:  "Evergreen or semievergreen, branches arching, at first densely woolly; leaves ovate to elliptic, 1/2-1 1/4 in. long, dull green, white-felted beneath; flowers white, 5/16 in. across, about 6-20 in dense clusters; fruit red, subglobose, 1/4 in. in diameter"  (Bailey and Bailey, 1976; p. 323).

"[S]hrub up to 2 m tall with simple, elliptic leaves 1-2.5 cm long, flowers in dense corymbs, carpels 2-5, and fruit a globose to ellipsoid, dull red pome ca. 6 mm long"  (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 1100, 1859).

Habitat/ecology:  Moist and wet forest areas, roadsides, openings, at 3,000-6,500 ft. elevation in Hawai‘i. All cotoneasters have aggressive root systems, and the plants shade and smother-sun-loving natives.

Propagation:  Bird-dispersed fruit.

Native range:  China (Sichuan, Yunnan).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 88) Cultivated?
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1100) Occasional reproduction.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. (1995) (p. 49) Vouchers cited: K.R. Wood & S. Perlman 2878 (PTBG), Lorence & Flynn 7603 (PTBG) Naturalized in diverse mesic forest, 1000-1300 m elevation.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Herbarium Pacificum Staff (1999) (p. 8) East Maui. Voucher cited: C. Imada, W. Char & C. Morden 98-10 (BISH)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced cultivated	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 121) Vouchers cited: MacKee 28343, MacKee 42846

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Australia (continental)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)
China China	China (People's Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)
United States (west coast) United States (west coast states)	USA (California)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)

Comments:  Would be a threat only at higher elevations in the tropics.

Other cotoneasters, with their bird-dispersed fruits, should be avoided as well.

Control: 

Physical: Pull young plants. Smother seedlings with mulch or black plastic.

Chemical: Cut branches back to stump and treat stump with 100 percent glyphosate herbicide.

Additional information:  Report (PDF format) from US Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Haleakala Field Station, Hawaii "Plants of Hawaii".
Information from "Invasive plants of Asian origin established in the United States and their natural enemies, volume 1" (PDF format).

Additional online information about Cotoneaster pannosus is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Taxonomic information about Cotoneaster pannosus may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Bailey, L. H./Bailey, E. Z. 1976. Hortus third: A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada. Macmillan, New York. 1290 pp.

Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce. 1979. A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae. Micronesica 15:1-295.

Herbarium Pacificum Staff. 1999. New Hawaiian plant records for 1998. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1998. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 58:3-11.

Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. 1995. Contributions to the flora of Hawai‘i. III. New additions, range extensions, and rediscoveries of flowering plants. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Miller, Scott, E., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1994. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 41:19-58.

MacKee, H. S. 1994. Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 164 p.

U. S. Government. 2006. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (on-line resource).

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2007. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).

Zheng, Hao/Wu, Yun/Ding, Jianqing/Binion, Denise/Fu, Weidong/Reardon, Richard. 2004. Invasive plants of Asian origin established in the United States and their natural enemies, volume 1. FHTET-2004-05. U.S. Forest Service, Morgantown.