Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin., Poaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

Bontoc: dalekédek, dalukdúk

Chamorro: inifuk, palaii

Chinese: zhu jie cao

Chuukese: fatil, puker

English: golden beardgrass, golden false beard grass, lovegrass, Mackie's pest, needle grass, seed grass, spear grass

Fijian: kase

French: herbe à piquant, herbe plate, piquant

Hawaiian: mānienie ‘ula, pi‘ipi‘i, pilipili ‘ula

Mangarevan: tata magu

Maori (Cook Islands): matie ‘enua, matie kura, matie piripiri, mauku ko‘eko‘e, piripiri, tama ‘enua, taukura, taukura, tuakura, tuakura, tuakura, tumu ‘enua

Niuean: mosie fisi, motie fisi

Palauan: iul

Pohnpeian: reh-takai

Samoan: mutia vao

Spanish: amor-seco

Tagalog: marisékos, marískos, tinlói

Tahitian: papapa

Tongan: matamanu, matapeka, matapekapeka

Ulithian: fadel

Yapese: korar

Habit:  grass

Description:  "Perennial [grass], stolons extensively creeping, covered with imbricate scale-like old sheaths, sending up numerous sterile leafy shoots; culms 15-25 cm tall, ascending or erect from a decumbent base.  Sheaths 1-3 cm long or the uppermost up to 6 cm long, striate, sometimes purple-tinged, imbricate, sparsely pilose at throat and along margins; ligule a densely ciliate ridge ca 0.2 mm long; blades 2-8 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, the uppermost nearly obsolete, margins scabrous and sparsely serrate, sparsely papillose-hispid near base, thin, glossy, often undulate.  Panicles reddish purple, narrowly elliptic, 3-6 cm long, the branches " whorled, 0.5-1.5 cm long, slender, stiffly ascending or appressed; spikelet clusters 6-8 mm long, disarticulating from the pedicel or branch by a long oblique callus extending down 1 side as a brown, appressed hispidulous ridge ca. 5 mm long, callus forming a retrorsely bearded, barbed point; sessile spikelet 3-4 mm long, acute, glabrous, hispidulous-scabrous on upper margins, callus pubescent, oblique, ca. 4 mm long, first glume lanceolate, dorsally flattened, ca. 3.8 mm long, 2-nerved, bifid, scabrid-setose, margins revolute, second glume narrowly boat-shaped, ca. 3.4 mm long, 3-nerved, the midnerve prolonged into a short, scabrid-setose awn ca. 0.8 mm long, margins delicately hyaline, pubescent, first lemma ca. 2.8 mm long, delicately hyaline, margins pubescent, second lemma 2.5-3 mm long, narrow, delicately hyaline, tapering into an awn ca. 5 mm long, palea delicately hyaline, oblong-acute, ca. 1.6 mm long; pedicellate spikelets purple, pedicels 2-3 mm long, hispidulous at apex, glumes ca. 5 mm long, scabrous at apex, acuminate or awn-pointed, first floret sterile, second floret staminate, lemmas about equal, awnless, shorter than glumes.  Caryopsis oblong, ca. 2 mm long"  (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 1516-1517).

Description from GrassBase.

Habitat/ecology:  To 600 m in French Polynesia (Welsh, 1998; p. 331).  In Hawai‘i, "indigenous or a very early introduction, often common in dry, exposed areas, usually on slopes and ridges, 15-520 m"  (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 1516-1517).  In Fiji, "very common throughout the archipelago..., occurring from sea level to about 900 m. on open hillsides, roadsides, seashores, and in lawns and pastures"  (Smith, 1979; p. 378). In Tonga, "a common weed in open grassy areas" (Yuncker, 1959; pp. 66-67). In New Caledonia, "introduit depuis très longtemps, maintenant commun en pâturages maigres et bords de chemins. Ne semble pas avoir été récolté aux Loyauté" (MacKee, 1994; p. 58).

Propagation:  Sharp spiked seeds carried in fur, feathers, or clothing.

Native range:  Tropical Malaysia and into the Pacific; Southern India, Southern China. Probably a native in some parts of the Pacific and an early introduction elsewhere. "Tropical parts of Asia, Malesia, Australila, and into the Pacific" (Smith, 1979; p. 378).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
American Samoa Manu‘a Islands	Ofu Island		Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 163)
American Samoa Manu‘a Islands	Ta‘u Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 44)
American Samoa Manu‘a Islands	Ta‘u Island		Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 163)
American Samoa Manu‘a Islands	Ta‘u Island		Whistler, W. A. (1990) Voucher cited: Whistler 3324
American Samoa Swain's Island	Swain's Island		Whistler, W. A. (1983) (p. 17) Voucher cited: Whistler 3369
American Samoa Swain's Island	Swain's Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1976) (voucher ID: BISH 430382) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Tutuila Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 34)
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Tutuila Island		Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 163)
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Tutuila Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1921) (voucher ID: BISH 123785) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Tutuila Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1924) (voucher ID: BISH 123786) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Alamagan Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 11)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Anatahan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Anatahan Island	native	Ohba, T. (1994) (p. 64) Voucher cited: CBM-BS-58821
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Asuncion Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Asuncion Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 11) Voucher cited: Falanruw 2296 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Guguan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Guguan Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 11) Voucher cited: Falanruw 1809 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 11) Vouchers cited: Angerson 516 (US, BISH,Fo, NY, L), Bonham 30 (US, Fo), Fosberg 34412 (US), Moore 411 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island	native	Ohba, T. (1994) (p. 64) Voucher cited: CBM-BS-59043
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1954) (voucher ID: BISH 567771) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 697541) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Rota Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Rota Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 697542) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Saipan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Saipan Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 123803) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Sarigan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Sarigan Island	native	Ohba, T. (1994) (p. 64) Voucher cited: CBM-BS-58911
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Tinian Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Tinian Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 123802) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Tinian Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 697540) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Aitutaki Atoll		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Aitutaki Atoll	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	‘Atiu Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	‘Atiu Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Mangaia Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Mangaia Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Ma‘uke Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Ma‘uke Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Miti‘aro Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island		McCormack, Gerald (2011)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 123772) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 123773) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Chuuk Islands		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 123816) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Chuuk Islands		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1993) (voucher ID: BISH 633367) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Fefan Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Fefan Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (p. 31)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Lukunor (Núkúnooch) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Lukunor (Núkúnooch) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1950) (voucher ID: BISH 123805) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Murilo (Mwiriné) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Namoluk (Nómwunuuk) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Namoluk (Nómwunuuk) Atoll		Marshall, Mae/Fosberg, F. R. (1975) (p. 26) Voucher cited: Marshall 20 (US)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Namonuito (Namonweito, Nómwun Wiité) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Puluwat (Pwonowót) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Puluwat (Pwonowót) Atoll	native	Manner, H. I./Mallon, E. (1989) (p. 35) Voucher cited: Manner & Mallon 180 (GUAM)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Tol Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Tol Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (p. 31)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Tol Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 123807) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Ulalu (Romonum) Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Weno (Moen) Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Weno (Moen) Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (p. 31)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Weno (Moen) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 123808) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island	Kosrae Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Waguk, Erick E. (2000) (p. 30) Voucher: BMW 5778 (BISH, BRI)
Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island	Kosrae Island	introduced invasive	Josekutty, P. C./Wakuk, E. E./Joseph, M. J. (2002) (p. 62)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island		Glassman, S. F. (1952) (p. 126) Voucher cited: Ledermann 13588a (BISH)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island	native	Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. (2010) (p. 55) Vouchers cited: T.W. Flynn 6202 (BISH, K, PTBG, US), C. Ledermann 13588a (BISH), K.R. Wood 13503 (PTBG)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1997) (voucher ID: BISH 653244) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 26689) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Fais Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Fais Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Evans, M. (1969) (p. 3) Voucher cited: Fosberg 46659 (US)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Tomil Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 123797) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Ulithi Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Ulithi Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1965) (voucher ID: BISH 81533) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Ulithi Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1965) (voucher ID: BISH 81542) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Woleai Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Woleai Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1965) (voucher ID: BISH 81647) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Yap (Waqab) Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Yap (Waqab) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 123809) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Yap (Waqab) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 123814) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Yap (Waqab) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1948) (voucher ID: BISH 123815) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Fiji Islands		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1928) (voucher ID: BISH 123793) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Kanathea Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Koro Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Mango Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Matuku Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Mbatiki Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Mbengga Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378) Voucher cited: DA 9072
Fiji Fiji Islands	Moala Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Moturiki Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Ngau Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Rotuma Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 612249) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Taveuni Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Totoya Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Levu Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378) Vouchers cited: DA 5025, DA 8757, DA 8851
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1954) (voucher ID: BISH 31579) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Mbalavu Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vatulele Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island	possibly native	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 378) Vouchers cited: DA 8225, DA 10707, Smith 4341, DA 2447, DA 3497, DA 7986, Smith 9453, DA 8648, DA 7938, DA 7900, DA 7304, DA 8422, DA 9341, DA 7671, DA 7783, DA 8596
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1957) (voucher ID: BISH 31578) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 123791) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 123792) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Aukena Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Adventice
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Aukena Island	introduced	St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 7) Voucher cited: St. John 14641 (BISH)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Makaroa Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Adventice
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Makaroa Island	introduced	St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 7) Vouchers cited: Quayle & Curtis 453 (BISH), St. John 14744 (BISH)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Mangareva (Gambier) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Adventice
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Mangareva (Gambier) Island	introduced	St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 7) Vouchers cited: Agassiz 86 (GH), St. John 14535 (BISH)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Taravai Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Adventice
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Taravai Island	introduced	St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 7) Vouchers cited: Quayle & Curtis 478 (BISH), St. John 14788 (BISH)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Fatu Hiva Island	native	Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2008)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Fatu Hiva Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: S.P. Perlman & K.R. Wood 14998 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Fatu Hiva Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2015) (voucher ID: PTBG 22482) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus ( Retz. ) Trin.
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Fatu Hiva Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 40431) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Hiva Oa Island	native	Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2008)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Hiva Oa Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Adventice
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Mohotani (Mohotane, Mohotane) Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2004) (voucher ID: PTBG 43297) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island	native	Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2008)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: J. Florence 4194 (PAP), B. Toutain 4240 (PAP), K.R. Wood & J.-Y. Meyer 6348 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 27327) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Tahuata (Tuhuata) Island	native	Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2008)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island	native	Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2008)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Adventice
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2004) (voucher ID: PTBG 42208) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Bora Bora Island	introduced invasive	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 331) Voucher cited: Grant 4864
French Polynesia Society Islands	Huahine Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: J. Florence & R. Tahuaitu 11640 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Huahine Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 643955) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Moorea Island		University of California (2006)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Raiatea (Havai) Island	introduced invasive	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 331) Vouchers cited: Moore 102, BRY 26060
French Polynesia Society Islands	Raiatea (Havai) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: P. Morat 6944 (PAP), P. Morat 6950 (PAP), J. Florence 10342 (PAP), J. Florence 10419 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Raiatea (Havai) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 640883) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Raiatea (Havai) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 642439) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Taha‘a Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R. (1997) (p. 99)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced invasive	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 331)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: J. Florence 4468 (PAP), J. Florence & S. Jourdan 10726 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 558172) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Makatea (Ma‘atea) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: J. Florence 3081 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Makatea (Ma‘atea) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 492121) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Raivavae (Raevavae) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: J. Florence 5791 (PAP), J. Florence & W.R. Sykes 11293 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Raivavae (Raevavae) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 552845) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Raivavae (Raevavae) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 644231) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Rapa Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Voucher cited: J. Florence 6264 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Rimatara (Rimitara) Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Adventice
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Rurutu Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Vouchers cited: J. Florence 5516 (PAP), J. Florence 5951 (PAP), J. Florence 6070 (PAP) Adventice
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Rurutu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 543332) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Rurutu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 553127) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands	Tubuai Island	introduced invasive	Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2011) Adventice
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	native	Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (p. 229) Voucher cited: Stone 4051 (GUAM)
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1967) (voucher ID: BISH 23033) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 123800) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 123801) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1911) (voucher ID: BISH 123810) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (year unknown) (voucher ID: BISH 123811) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 697543) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	probably native	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1516-1517)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	probably native	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1516-1517)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	probably native	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1516-1517)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	probably native	Oppenheimer, Hank L./Meidell, J. Scott/Bartlett, R. T. (1999) (p. 9) West Maui. Voucher cited: Oppenheimer H79707 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	probably native	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1516-1517)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	probably native	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1516-1517)
Japan (offshore islands) Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands		Kato, Hidetoshi (2007)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Jaluit (Jãlwõj) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. Raymond (1990) (p. 33)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll	possibly native	Whistler, W. A./Steele, O. (1999) (pp. 80-81) Voucher cited: Fosberg 39277. Not seen on this survey and may no longer be present.
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R. (1959) (p. 1) Voucher cited: Fosberg 39277 (US)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1957) (voucher ID: BISH 123799) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll	introduced	Vander Velde, Nancy (2003) (p. 49) Rare
Nauru Nauru Island	Nauru Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Nauru Nauru Island	Nauru Island	introduced invasive	Thaman, R. R./Fosberg, F. R./Manner, H. I./Hassall, D. C. (1994) (p. 68) Vouchers cited: Fosberg 58625 (US), Fosberg 58709 (US), Thaman & Manner 82 (SUVA)
New Caledonia New Caledonia	New Caledonia Islands	introduced invasive	Gargominy, Oliver/Bouchet, Philipe/Pascal, Michel/Jaffre, Tanguy/Tourneu, Jean-Christophe (1996) (p. 380) Commune en pâturages et lieux incultes.
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced invasive	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 58) Voucher cited: Vieillard 1487
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 123794) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Niue Niue	Niue Island		Sykes, W. R. (1970) (p. 238) Voucher cited: CHR 168773
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive abo. intro.	Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 48)
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 7)
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive abo. intro.	Whistler, W. A./Atherton, J. (1997) (p. 54) Polynesian or modern introduction.
Niue Niue	Niue Island	native	Yuncker, T. G. (1943) (pp. 24-25) Voucher cited: Yuncker 10065 (BISH) "Common along roadsides and in waste areas".
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive abo. intro.	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara M./Newfield, Melanie/Bull, Cate (2004) (p. 16) Native or Polynesian introduction.
Palau Hatohobei Group	Tobi Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 17-18, 95)
Palau Hatohobei Group	Tobi Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 625685) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 17-18, 84)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island	native	Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 21)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 595867) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1996) (voucher ID: BISH 650948) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island		Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1981) (voucher ID: BNM 3055) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island		Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1981) (voucher ID: BNM 3000) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Koror Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Koror Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 17-18, 80)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Koror Island		Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1966) (voucher ID: BNM 132) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Koror Island		Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1976) (voucher ID: BNM 10030) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Malakal Island	native	Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 21)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Peleliu Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 34)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Peleliu Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 17-18, 90)
Palau Sonsorol Group	Sonsorol Island	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 17-18, 94)
Palau Sonsorol Group	Sonsorol Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1994) (voucher ID: BISH 659868) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Papua New Guinea Bismarck Archipelago	Bismarck Archipelago		Peekel, P. G. [translated by E. E. Henty] (1984) (p. 47)
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Philippines Philippine Islands	Philippine Islands	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Philippines Philippine Islands	Philippine Islands	native	Merrill, Elmer D. (1925) (pp. 42-43) In open places at low and medium altitudes, a veritable pest on account of its spikelets adhering to fur, clothing, etc.
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Savai‘i Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 13) Voucher: Flynn 6952 (PTBG, K, SAMOA)
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Savai‘i Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1931) (voucher ID: BISH 123783) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Savai‘i Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1905) (voucher ID: BISH 123784) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Savai‘i Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 123788) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Savai‘i Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2002) (voucher ID: PTBG 272) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Upolu Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 13)
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Upolu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 123787) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Upolu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1974) (voucher ID: BISH 417872) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Samoa Western Samoa Islands	Upolu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1974) (voucher ID: BISH 418197) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Guadalcanal Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1986) (voucher ID: BISH 509043) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Mikira (San Cristobal) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1966) (voucher ID: BISH 603570) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Solomon Islands		Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 89)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Solomon Islands	introduced invasive	Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 57)
Tonga Ha‘apai Group	Ha‘afeva Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 640419) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Tonga Ha‘apai Group	Kotu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 440419) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Tonga Ha‘apai Group	Tofua Island		Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 98) Voucher cited: Scarth-Johnson 102
Tonga Tonga Islands	Tonga Islands		Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (pp. 66-67) "Common throughout Tonga".
Tonga Tonga Islands	Tonga Islands		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1921) (voucher ID: BISH 123789) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Tonga Tongatapu Group	‘Eua Island		Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (pp. 66-67) Voucher cited: Yuncker 15416
Tonga Tongatapu Group	‘Eua Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 123790) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Tonga Tongatapu Group	Tongatapu Island		Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 98) Voucher cited: Ilolohia 131
Tonga Tongatapu Group	Tongatapu Island		Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 66) Vouchers cited: Hürlmann 26, Yuncker 15185
Tonga Tongatapu Group	Tongatapu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 123781) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Tonga Vava‘u Group	Late Island	introduced	Sykes, W. R. (1981) (p. 352)
Tonga Vava‘u Group	Tafahi Island		Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 66) Voucher cited: Hürlmann 529
Tonga Vava‘u Group	Vava‘u Island	native	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2001) (p. 65)
Tonga Vava‘u Group	Vava‘u Island		Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 98) Voucher cited: Crosby 198
Tonga Vava‘u Group	Vava‘u Island		Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 60) Cited: Crosby.
Tonga Vava‘u Group	Vava‘u Island		Burkill, I. H. (1900) (p. 61)
Vanuatu New Hebrides Islands	Banks Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1974) (voucher ID: BISH 403524) Taxon name on voucher: Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin.
Vanuatu New Hebrides Islands	Vanuatu (Republic of)		Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 89)
Vanuatu New Hebrides Islands	Vanuatu (Republic of)		Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 98) Voucher cited: Crosby 198
Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands	Wallis (‘Uvea) Island	introduced invasive	Meyer, Jean-Yves (2007) (p. 27)
Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands	Wallis and Futuna Islands		Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 48)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Northern Territory	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
China China	China (People's Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
China China	Hong Kong	native	Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 329) In wasteland and open fields.
Indonesia Indonesia	Indonesia (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Japan Japan	Japan (country)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Japan Ryukyu Islands	Ryukyu Islands	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Malaysia Malaysia	Malaysia (country of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Singapore Singapore	Singapore (Republic of)	native	Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 26) Common
Taiwan Taiwan	Taiwan Island		Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 86)
Thailand Thailand	Thailand (Kingdom of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Vietnam Vietnam	Vietnam (Socialist Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia (Indian Ocean offshore islands) Christmas Island Group	Christmas Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Swarbrick, J. T. (1997) (p. 109)
Australia (Indian Ocean offshore islands) Cocos (Keeling) Islands	Cocos (Keeling) Islands	introduced invasive	Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1993) (p. 38)

Comments:  An aggressive, noxious weed. Withstands trampling, poor soils and mowing. Sharp seeds can penetrate flesh and work their way in, causing festering sores; particularly hard on dogs (Stone, 1970; p. 229).

Native or early introduction throughout the region. Should not be introduced where it's not present.

A recent introduction to Sonsorol and Tobi islands, Palau (Space et al., 2003).

Additional information:
Additional online information about Chrysopogon aciculatus is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Chrysopogon aciculatus as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Chrysopogon aciculatus may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.). 1966. Voucher specimen #BNM132(Blackburn E-34).

Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.). 1976. Voucher specimen #BNM10030(Otobed, D.O. PW-10030).

Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.). 1981. Voucher specimen #BNM3055(Timberlake, J. 3055).

Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.). 1981. Voucher specimen #BNM3000(Timberlake, J. 3000).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 0. Voucher specimen #BISH 123811 (Thompson, J.B. 212).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1905. Voucher specimen #BISH 123784 (Vaupel, F. 113).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1911. Voucher specimen #BISH 123810 (McGregor, R.C. 421).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1921. Voucher specimen #BISH 123785 (Eames, A.J. T 17).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1921. Voucher specimen #BISH 123789 (McKern, W.C. 51).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1924. Voucher specimen #BISH 123786 (Garber, D.W. 798).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1928. Voucher specimen #BISH 123793 (Gillespie, J.W. 3417).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1929. Voucher specimen #BISH 123772 (Wilder, G.P. 1035).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1929. Voucher specimen #BISH 123773 (Wilder, G.P. 1035).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1929. Voucher specimen #BISH 123787 (Christophersen, E. 965).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1929. Voucher specimen #BISH 123788 (Christophersen, E. 726).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1931. Voucher specimen #BISH 123783 (Christophersen, E. 1934).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1935. Voucher specimen #BISH 123808 (Takamatsu, M. 256).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1936. Voucher specimen #BISH 123807 (Takamatsu, M. 25).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1936. Voucher specimen #BISH 123809 (Takamatsu, M. 1820).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1936. Voucher specimen #BISH 123814 (Takamatsu, M. 1867a).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1938. Voucher specimen #BISH 612249 (St.John, H. 18973).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1946. Voucher specimen #BISH 123797 (Hosaka, E.Y. 3284).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1946. Voucher specimen #BISH 123801 (Hosaka, E.Y. 3059).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1946. Voucher specimen #BISH 123802 (Fosberg, F.R. 24824).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1946. Voucher specimen #BISH 123803 (Fosberg, F.R. 25186).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1946. Voucher specimen #BISH 697540 (Hosaka, E.Y. 2876).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1946. Voucher specimen #BISH 697542 (Fosberg, F.R. 25069).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1947. Voucher specimen #BISH 123792 (Smith, A.C. 4341).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1947. Voucher specimen #BISH 123794 (Buchholz, J.T. 1514).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1947. Voucher specimen #BISH 123816 (Wong, C.C.Y. 243).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1948. Voucher specimen #BISH 123815 (Wong, C.C.W. 345).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1949. Voucher specimen #BISH 123800 (Anderson, D. 114).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1949. Voucher specimen #BISH 697541 (Anderson, D. 516).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1949. Voucher specimen #BISH 697543 (Anderson, D. 43).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1950. Voucher specimen #BISH 123805 (Anderson, D. 2092).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1953. Voucher specimen #BISH 123781 (Yuncker, T.G. 15185).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1953. Voucher specimen #BISH 123790 (Yuncker, T.G. 15416).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1953. Voucher specimen #BISH 123791 (Smith, A.C. 9453).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1954. Voucher specimen #BISH 31579 (Parham, J.W. 8757).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1954. Voucher specimen #BISH 567771 (Bonham, L.D. 30).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1957. Voucher specimen #BISH 31578 (Ali, S. 10707).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1957. Voucher specimen #BISH 123799 (Fosberg, F.R. 39277).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1965. Voucher specimen #BISH 81533 (Fosberg, F.R. 46490).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1965. Voucher specimen #BISH 81542 (Fosberg, F.R. 46379).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1965. Voucher specimen #BISH 81647 (Evans, M. 495).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1966. Voucher specimen #BISH 603570 (Kondo, Y. 102).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1967. Voucher specimen #BISH 23033 (Pereda, U.P. 120).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1974. Voucher specimen #BISH 403524 (Krauss, N.H. 1381).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1974. Voucher specimen #BISH 417872 (Whistler, W.A. W1849).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1974. Voucher specimen #BISH 418197 (Whistler, W.A. W1588).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1976. Voucher specimen #BISH 430382 (Whistler, W.A. W3369).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1982. Voucher specimen #BISH 440419 (G.Buelow 3249).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1982. Voucher specimen #BISH 492121 (Florence, J. 3081).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1982. Voucher specimen #BISH 640419 (Buelow, G. 3249).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1983. Voucher specimen #BISH 543332 (Florence, J. 6070).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1983. Voucher specimen #BISH 552845 (Florence, J. 5791).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1983. Voucher specimen #BISH 553127 (Florence, J. 5516).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1983. Voucher specimen #BISH 558172 (Florence, J. 4468).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1983. Voucher specimen #BISH 595867 (Raulerson, L. 5781).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1986. Voucher specimen #BISH 509043 (Krauss, N.H. 3023).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1990. Voucher specimen #BISH 640883 (Florence, J. 10419).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1990. Voucher specimen #BISH 642439 (Florence 10342).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1992. Voucher specimen #BISH 625685 (A.K.Kepler 92-61).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1992. Voucher specimen #BISH 643955 (Florence 11640).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1992. Voucher specimen #BISH 644231 (J.Florence 11293).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1993. Voucher specimen #BISH 633367 (A.K.Kepler 93-42).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1994. Voucher specimen #BISH 659868 (Herbst, D.R. 9646).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1996. Voucher specimen #BISH 650948 (Raulerson, L. LR26515).

Bishop Museum (Honolulu). 1997. Voucher specimen #BISH 653244 (Flynn, T. 6202).

Burkill, I. H. 1900. The flora of Vavau, one of the Tonga Islands, with a short account of its vegetation by Charles Steele Crosby. Lin. Jour. Bot. 35:20-65.

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Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. 2010. Checklist of the vascular plants of Pohnpei with local names and uses. Allertonia, in press. National Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai, Hawai‘i. 146 pp.

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Marshall, Mae/Fosberg, F. R. 1975. The natural history of Namoluk Atoll, eastern Caroline Islands. Atoll Research Bulletin No. 189. Smithsonian Institution, Washington. 53 pp + photos.

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National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.). 2002. Voucher specimen #PTBG272(Tim Flynn 6952).

Ohba, T. 1994. Flora and vegetation of the northern Mariana Islands, Micronesia. Biological Expedition to the Northern Mariana Islands, Micronesia. In A. Asakua & T. Furuki, eds.  Natural History Research, Special issue no. 1, Chiba, Japan: Natural History Museum and Institute. pp. 13-69.

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