Casuarina equisetifolia L., Casuarinaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Threat only at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 15 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Casuarina litorea L. var. litorea, Casuarina littorea Rumph.

Common name(s): [more details]

Austral: aito, aito, toa, to‘a, toa

Carolinian: weighu

Chamorro: gago, gago, gagu, gagu, goago

Chuukese: weeku, weeku, weku

English: Australian beefwood, Australian pine, beefwood, casuarina, common ironwood, horsetail tree, ironwood, she oak

Fijian: nakure, nggaro, nokonoko, nokonoko ndamu, qaro, thau, velau

French: arbe de fer, arbre de fer, bois de fer, filao, filao bord-de-mer, filao-pays, pin d'Australie

German: tanenbaum

Hawaiian: paina

I-Kiribati: te burukam, te katurina

Kwara‘ae: salu

Maori (Cook Islands): toa

Marquesan: aito, kakaouou, toa, toa, toa, toa

Marshallese: bûlukam, mejinoki, nidõl, pientri

Niuean: toa

Other: neokuk, ueoku, ueokuk

Palauan: nas, ngas, ngasu

Pohnpeian: weku

Samoan: toa, toa

Satawalese: ueuhir

Spanish: arbol de hierro

Tahitian: aito, aito, ‘aito, aito, toa, toa

Tongan: toa

Tuamotuan: aito, aito

Tuvaluan: toa

Ulithian: lach

Woleaian: laash

Yapese: nach, noc

Habit:  tree

Description:  "Trees 10-20 m tall; branches long, slender, the tips drooping, pubescent.  Leaf sheaths with (6)7(-9) teeth. Staminate spikes densely flowered, 1-6 cm long, bracts densely pubescent.  Cones subglobose to elongate and oblong-globose, 1.2-2.2 cm long, ca. 1.1-1.4 cm in diameter, the valves broadly ovate, protruding ca. 2 mm, pubescent, apex obtuse.  Nuts 6-7 mm long (incl. wing)"  (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 528-529).

See also Casuarina glauca.

Habitat/ecology:  A pioneer, salt-resistant tree.  Very hardy on both limestone and volcanic soils.  Where invasive, forms monotypic stands under which little else grows. In Hawai‘i it is common in all but the driest and wettest coastal areas of all islands up to 500 m (Cronk & Fuller, 2001; p. 144)..  In Fiji, occurs "between sea level and about 475 m in dry seaside areas such as sandy beaches, rocky coasts, and coastal forest, and inland on grass- and reed-covered hills and in open forest" (Smith, 1981; p. 253).  Arid lowlands in the Galápagos Islands (McMullen, 1999; p. 95).  "Suppresses plant growth under its canopy"  (Motooka et al., 2003).  Fire-resistant.

Propagation:  Seeds, wind- and water-dispersed.

Native range:  Australia and into Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia; widely cultivated and naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions. Probably an ancient introduction to Polynesia (Whistler, 1992; p. 101). Either native to Melanesia and Micronesia or an early introduction.

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
American Samoa Manu‘a Islands	Ta‘u Island	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 44)
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Aunu‘u Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1975) (voucher ID: BISH 430647) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Tutuila Island	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 33)
American Samoa Tutuila Islands	Tutuila Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1920) (voucher ID: BISH 135906) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Agrigan (Agrihan) Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Agrigan (Agrihan) Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 20) Voucher cited: Fosberg 31578 (US, BISH, Fo, NY, L)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Aguijan (Agiguan, Aguihan) Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Aguijan (Agiguan, Aguihan) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1952) (voucher ID: BISH 136017) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Alamagan Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Alamagan Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 20) Vloucher cited: Fosberg 31646 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Anatahan Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Anatahan Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 20) Vouchers cited: Falanruw 1660 (US), Evans 2447 (US, BISH, Fo, NY)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Anatahan Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1967) (voucher ID: BISH 401437) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Farallon de Medinilla (Marpi, Medinilla) Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Farallon de Pajaros (Uracas) Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Farallon de Pajaros (Uracas) Island	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 20) "Planted by Fritz in 1900"
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Guguan Island	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 20) "Planted by Fritz in 1900"
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Guguan Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1882) (voucher ID: BISH 662253) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Maug Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Maug Island	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1977) (p. 29) Voucher cited: Dickinson & Mersereau 17 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Maug Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1975) (voucher ID: BISH 414361) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Pagan Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 20) Vouchers cited: Hosokawa 7949 (US, Fo), Kondo in 1949 (BISH), Anderson 580 (US, BISH, Fo, NY, L), Fosberg 31411 (US, BISH, Fo, NY, L), Villagomez JV-02 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Rota Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Rota Island	possibly native invasive cultivated	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane (2000) (p. 7)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Rota Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1934) (voucher ID: BISH 136019) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Rota Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 658905) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Saipan Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Tinian Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Tinian Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1944) (voucher ID: BISH 136016) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Cook Islands Northern Cook Islands	Manihiki Atoll	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Northern Cook Islands	Manuae Atoll (Northern Cook Islands)	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Northern Cook Islands	Nassau Island	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Northern Cook Islands	Penrhyn (Tongareva) Island	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Northern Cook Islands	Pukapuka Atoll	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Northern Cook Islands	Rakahanga Atoll	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Aitutaki Atoll	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Aitutaki Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1969) (voucher ID: BISH 81928) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	‘Atiu Island	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	‘Atiu Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 16) Naturalized.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	‘Atiu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 665326) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	‘Atiu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 666337) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Mangaia Island	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Mangaia Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 16)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Ma‘uke Island	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Ma‘uke Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 16) Naturalized.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Miti‘aro Island	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Miti‘aro Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 16)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Miti‘aro Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 666081) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Palmerston (Avarau) Island	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island	introduced abo. intro.	McCormack, Gerald (2007)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1969) (voucher ID: BISH 81921) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 135882) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Rarotonga Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1903) (voucher ID: BISH 135883) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Santa Cruz Group	Santa Cruz Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Research Station (2005)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Dublon (Tonowas) Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Dublon (Tonowas) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 135995) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Fefan Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (p. 31)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Namonuito (Namonweito, Nómwun Wiité) Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Puluwat (Pwonowót) Atoll	native	Manner, H. I./Mallon, E. (1989) (p. 42) Voucher cited: Manner & Mallon 265 (GUAM)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Satawan Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Satawan Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 135993) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Satawan Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 135994) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Tol Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (p. 31)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Udot Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Udot Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 135996) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Weno (Moen) Island	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R. (1959) (p. 11)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Weno (Moen) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 135997) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island	Kosrae Island	introduced cultivated	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Tim (2005) (p. 13) Not common.
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Mokil Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island	introduced	Glassman, S. F. (1952) (p. 79) Voucher cited: Glassman 2912 (US)
Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands	Pohnpei Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 135992) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Satawal Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Satawal Island	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R. (1969) (p. 6) Voucher cited: Fosberg 46851 (US) One tree, probably planted.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Ulithi Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Ulithi Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1965) (voucher ID: BISH 81546) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Ulithi Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1965) (voucher ID: BISH 81559) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Woleai Atoll	introduced	Merlin, M./Kigfas, A./Keene, T./Juvik, J. (1996) (p. 111)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Yap (Waqab) Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands	Yap (Waqab) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1948) (voucher ID: BISH 135998) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Kandavu Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Smith 316
Fiji Fiji Islands	Kandavu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1933) (voucher ID: BISH 135907) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Kandavu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 135908) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Koro Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1986) (voucher ID: BISH 607816) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Lakemba Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Garnock-Jones 815
Fiji Fiji Islands	Matuku Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Bryan 253
Fiji Fiji Islands	Matuku Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1924) (voucher ID: BISH 135913) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Moala Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Milne 127
Fiji Fiji Islands	Navutu-i-ra Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Bryan 468
Fiji Fiji Islands	Navutu-i-ra Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1924) (voucher ID: BISH 135916) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Ngau Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Milne 126
Fiji Fiji Islands	Ovalau Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Gibbs 861
Fiji Fiji Islands	Rotuma Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 618851) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Rotuma Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 618857) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Rotuma Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1994) (voucher ID: BISH 637958) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Rotuma Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 638057) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Taveuni Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Gillespie 4710
Fiji Fiji Islands	Taveuni Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 135911) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Taveuni Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1928) (voucher ID: BISH 135912) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Totoya Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Voucher cited: Milne 94
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Levu Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Vouchers cited: H.B.R. Parham 443, DF 689 (Damanu L.18), Smith 6430, Degener & Ordonez 14127
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 135910) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1971) (voucher ID: BISH 448550) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina littorea L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1941) (voucher ID: BISH 696848) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Mbalavu Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Vouchers cited: Smith 1493, Garnock-Jones 1078
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Mbalavu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1934) (voucher ID: BISH 135914) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Mbalavu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1934) (voucher ID: BISH 135915) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Vanua Mbalavu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1977) (voucher ID: BISH 420631) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Vouchers cited: Greenwood 220, Smith 4630, DF 294 (Damanu 22), O & I. Degener 32201, DA 9495, DA 9674, DA 11281, DA 1372
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1955) (voucher ID: BISH 4666) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1957) (voucher ID: BISH 14664) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1955) (voucher ID: BISH 32960) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1963) (voucher ID: BISH 32961) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1969) (voucher ID: BISH 34492) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 135918) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Viti Levu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1927) (voucher ID: BISH 135919) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Yasawas Island	native	Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 253) Vouchers cited: Weiner 241, ST. John 18155
Fiji Fiji Islands	Yasawas Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1937) (voucher ID: BISH 135917) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Fiji Fiji Islands	Yasawas Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1978) (voucher ID: BISH 448397) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina littorea L.
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Akamaru Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Aukena Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Gaioio Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Mangareva (Gambier) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Taraura-Roa Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Taravai Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Tauna Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Tekava Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Gambier Islands	Totegegie Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Eiao Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Eiao Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 601651) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Fatu Hiva Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Fatu Hiva Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1986) (voucher ID: BISH 543349) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Hiva Oa Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Motane (Mohotane, Mohotani) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Tahuata (Tuhuata) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Marquesas Islands	Ua Pou (Huapu, Uapou, Uapu) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Bora Bora Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Huahine Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Maiao (Maiaoiti, Mauiti, Tupuaemanu) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Maupiti (Maurua) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Maupiti (Maurua) Island	introduced invasive	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1987) (p. 25) Voucher cited: Fosberg & Sachet 64969 (US)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Maupiti (Maurua) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1985) (voucher ID: BISH 607765) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Maupiti (Maurua) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1973) (voucher ID: BISH 662229) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Mehetia (Mahetia, Meetia) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Mehetia (Mahetia, Meetia) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 642908) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Moorea Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1967) (voucher ID: BISH 22330) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Moorea Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 492587) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Moorea Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1981) (voucher ID: BISH 493280) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Mopelia (Mapetia, Maupiha‘a, Maupihoa, Mopiha‘a) Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Mopelia (Mapetia, Maupiha‘a, Maupihoa, Mopiha‘a) Atoll	introduced cultivated	Sachet, M.-H. (1983) (p. 25) Voucher cited: Sachet 936 (US)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Raiatea (Havai) Island	introduced invasive cultivated abo. intro.	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 61) Vouchers cited: Moore 382, BRY 24880
French Polynesia Society Islands	Raiatea (Havai) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Taha‘a Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Taha‘a Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 642418) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced invasive cultivated abo. intro.	Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 61)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tahiti Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (year unknown) (voucher ID: BISH 135868) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tetiaroa Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tetiaroa Atoll	introduced cultivated	Sachet, M.-H./Fosberg, F. R. (1983) (p. 40) Voucher cited: Fosberg & Sachet 54567 (US)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tupai (Tubai) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Society Islands	Tupai (Tubai) Island	introduced cultivated	Sachet, M.-H. (1983) (p. 15)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Fangataufa Atoll	introduced invasive	Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 93) Dry lowlands.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Fangataufa Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Fangataufa Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1987) (voucher ID: BISH 662239) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Fangataufa Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1987) (voucher ID: BISH 662585) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Hao (Hau) Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Makatea (Ma‘atea) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Makatea (Ma‘atea) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 493028) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Makatea (Ma‘atea) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1985) (voucher ID: BISH 645269) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Manihi Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Manihi Atoll	probably native	Sachet, M-H. (1983) (p. 18)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Mururoa (Moruroa) Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Niau Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Niau Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 642074) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Rangiroa (Rairoa) Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Rangiroa (Rairoa) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 633845) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Takapoto Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Takapoto Atoll	probably native cultivated	Sachet, M-H. (1983) (p. 18)
French Polynesia Tuamotu Archipelago	Tikehau (Tikahau) Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tubuai (Austral) Islands	Raivavae (Raevavae) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tubuai (Austral) Islands	Raivavae (Raevavae) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 553003) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tubuai (Austral) Islands	Raivavae (Raevavae) Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 553022) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tubuai (Austral) Islands	Rapa Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tubuai (Austral) Islands	Rimatara (Rimitara) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tubuai (Austral) Islands	Rurutu Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
French Polynesia Tubuai (Austral) Islands	Rurutu Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 553137) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
French Polynesia Tubuai (Austral) Islands	Tubuai (Tupuai) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 102-105)
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	native	Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (pp. 241-242) Voucher cited: Stone 4247 (GUAM); var souderi Fosberg; voucher cited: Souder A-1
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1962) (voucher ID: BISH 136005) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1918) (voucher ID: BISH 136009) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (year unknown) (voucher ID: BISH 136010) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (year unknown) (voucher ID: BISH 136011) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1960) (voucher ID: BISH 402084) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1968) (voucher ID: BISH 443839) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1970) (voucher ID: BISH 507497) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 595815) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	French Frigate Shoals	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaho‘olawe Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kure Atoll	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Laysan Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lisianski Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Ni‘ihau Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Pearl and Hermes Reef	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 528-529)
Japan (offshore islands) Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	introduced invasive	Toyoda, Takeshi (2003) (p. 279) Naturalized
Japan (offshore islands) Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	introduced	Kato, Hidetoshi (2007)
Kiribati Line Islands	Kiritimati (Christmas) Atoll	introduced cultivated	Wester, Lyndon (1985) (p. 20)
Kiribati Line Islands	Tabuaeran (Fanning) Atoll	introduced cultivated	Wester, Lyndon (1985) (p. 20)
Kiribati Line Islands	Teraina (Washington) Island	introduced cultivated	Wester, Lyndon (1985) (p. 20)
Kiribati Phoenix Islands	Kanton Island	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R./Stoddart, D. R. (1994) (p. 16) Voucher cited: Degener & Hatheway 21303
Kiribati Phoenix Islands	Kanton Island	introduced	Luomala, Katharine (1951) (p. 172) Voucher cited: Luomala 44
Kiribati Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands	Abemama Atoll	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. (2004) (p. 13) Voucher specimen collected: Imada 2003-154 (BISH 697765)
Kiribati Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands	Butaritari Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 46)
Kiribati Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands	Butaritari Atoll	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. (2004) (p. 13)
Kiribati Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands	Tarawa Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 46)
Kiribati Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands	Tarawa Atoll	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. (2004) (p. 13) Voucher specimen collected: Imada 2003-39 (BISH 697654)
Kiribati Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands	Tarawa Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (2003) (voucher ID: BISH 697654) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Jaluit (Jãlwõj) Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 46)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Jaluit (Jãlwõj) Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1962) (p. 14) Vouchers cited: Lyman 7 (US), Fosberg 39469 (US)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Jaluit (Jãlwõj) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 136001) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kili (Kõle) Atoll	introduced cultivated	Vander Velde, Nancy/Vander Velde, Brian (2006) (p. 6) "Rare; few small trees planted near beach, northern ocean road, one which had recently died; considered to be a high risk invasive, especially on coral islands and atolls".
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 46)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll	uncertain if native cultivated	Whistler, W. A./Steele, O. (1999) (p. 99)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Fosberg, F. R. (1959) (p. 3) "Apparently occasionally spontaneous from seeds of paltned trees".
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 136002) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 514256) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 526996) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Arno Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Vander Velde, Nancy/Vander Velde, Brian (2007) (p. 6) "Common; planted as wind break by some houses, near B&B, former R&D farm".
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Likiep Atoll	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 46)
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Likiep Atoll	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R. (1959) (p. 3) Voucher cited: Fosberg 36630 (US)
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Likiep Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1956) (voucher ID: BISH 136003) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll	introduced invasive cultivated	Vander Velde, Nancy (2003) (p. 81) Naturalized in some areas.
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1987) (voucher ID: BISH 511398) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1988) (voucher ID: BISH 606421) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Nauru Nauru Island	Nauru Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Nauru Nauru Island	Nauru Island	introduced invasive	Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 99)
Nauru Nauru Island	Nauru Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Thaman, R. R./Fosberg, F. R./Manner, H. I./Hassall, D. C. (1994) (pp. 113-114) Vouchers cited: Fosberg 58776 (US), Thaman & Manner 81 (SUVA)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1945) (voucher ID: BISH 135955) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 449733) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced cultivated	Sykes, W. R. (1970) (p. 58) Voucher cited: CHR 168863
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 22)
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced cultivated	Yuncker, T. G. (1943) (p. 44) Voucher cited: Yuncker 9788 (BISH)
Niue Niue	Niue Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara M./Newfield, Melanie/Bull, Cate (2004) (p. 13)
Palau Hatohobei Group	Helen Reef	introduced invasive cultivated	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 17, 95)
Palau Hatohobei Group	Helen Reef		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 625544) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Palau Hatohobei Group	Helen Reef		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 1002680) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina (Genus of Casuarinaceae)
Palau Hatohobei Group	Tobi Island	introduced cultivated	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (pp. 17, 95) Single tree.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Angaur Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Babeldaob Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Kayangel (Ngcheangel) Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Koror Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Koror Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1967) (voucher ID: BISH 438003) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Koror Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1998) (voucher ID: BISH 658290) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina littorea L.
Palau Palau (main island group)	Malakal Island	native	Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 79)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Ngerkebesang Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Palau Palau (main island group)	Peleliu Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Palau Rock Islands	Ngeanges Island	native	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 45)
Palau Rock Islands	Ngeanges Island		Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 567725) Taxon name on voucher: Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Philippines Philippine Islands	Philippine Islands	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2007)
Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn Islands	Pitcairn Island