Cardamine bonariensis Pers., Brassicaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

Spanish: berro

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Rhizomes much branched; stems decumbent-ascending, often 20 cm long, rooting at the nodes; basal leaves 2.5-6.5 cm long, the scarcely smaller cauline ones long-petiolate, the uppermost often simple; leaflets all subequal, orbicular or short-ovate, entire or merely crenate, 6-14 mm long, 6-19 mm wide; flowering pedicels 2-3 mm, in fruit 5-10 long; flowers usually small, the sepals 1.5-2 mm long; ovules 20-28; pods mostly 15-18 mm long, 1 mm wide, the style obsolete or 1 mm long; seeds emarginate"  (Macbride, 1938; pp. 962-963).

Habitat/ecology:  "Sometimes terrestrial, sometimes half immersed in brooks or along their banks, and from the ocean to the snows" (Macbride, 1938; pp. 962-963).

Propagation:  Seed and rooting from nodes (Macbride, 1938; pp. 962-963).

Native range:  Chile and Argentina to Mexico (Macbride, 1938; pp. 962-963).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Isabela Group	Isabela Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Isabela Group	Volcán Sierra Negra, Isabela Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) San Cristóbal Group	San Cristóbal Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) Collected in survey, herbarium record pending.
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Santa Cruz Group	Santa Cruz Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Chile (continental) Chile	Chile (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Colombia Colombia	Colombia (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Costa Rica Costa Rica	Costa Rica (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Ecuador (Mainland) Ecuador	Ecuador (Republic of) (continental)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Perú Perú	Perú (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Cardamine bonariensis is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Cardamine bonariensis as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Cardamine bonariensis may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Charles Darwin Foundation. 2008. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos, Ecuador.

Charles Darwin Research Station. 2005. CDRS Herbarium records.

Jørgensen, Peter Møller/León-Yánez, Susana, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares del Ecuador. Mon. Syst. Bot. Miss. Bot. Gard. 75:1-1181.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.