Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr., Rhizophoraceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  Evaluate, score: 3 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Diatoma brachiata Lour.; Petalotoma brachiata (Lour.) DC.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: zhu jie shu

English: billabong-tree, carallawood, corkybark, freshwater mangrove

Habit:  tree

Description:  "Trees to 10 m tall. Branches brown, corky. Stipules 1-2.5 cm. Petiole ca. 1 cm; leaf blade elliptic, obovate, oblanceolate, or rarely suborbicular, 5-15 x 2-10 cm, papery to thinly leathery, base cuneate, margin entire, serrate, or denticulate, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Inflorescences 1-6 cm, often resinous, usually shining from secreted resin. Flowers shortly pedicellate or sessile; bracteoles 2 or 3, partially connate into a cup. Calyx lobes 6 or 7, deltoid, 3-4 mm. Petals white, suborbiculate, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter, apically emarginate and unevenly lacerate. Stamens ca. 2 mm. Ovary bulbous, ca. 2 mm; style ca. 2 mm; stigma discoid, apically 4-8-lobed. Fruit pink to red globose, ca. 5 mm in diam., glossy. Seeds reniform"  (Flora of China online).

Habitat/ecology:  In its native range in China, "evergreen forests, thickets, swamps; near sea level to 900 m"  (Flora of China online).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Madagascar, through southern and southeast Asia, northern Australia to the Philippines and Solomon Islands (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island		Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.) (1983) (voucher ID: BISH 443578) Taxon name on voucher: Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr.
New Guinea (Indonesia and Papua New Guinea) New Guinea Island	New Guinea Island	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Philippines Philippine Islands	Philippine Islands	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Philippines Philippine Islands	Philippine Islands		Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 146) Chiefly in secondary forests at low and medium altitudes, often common.
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Solomon Islands	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Northern Territory	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Cambodia Cambodia	Cambodia (Kingdom of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
China China	China (People's Republic of)	native	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2011)
Indonesia Indonesia	Indonesia (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Malaysia Malaysia	Malaysia (country of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Thailand Thailand	Thailand (Kingdom of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Vietnam Vietnam	Vietnam (Socialist Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)

Additional information:
Fact sheet from PNGTreesKey.
Information from the ASEAN Tropical Plant Database.

Additional online information about Carallia brachiata is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Carallia brachiata as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Carallia brachiata may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.). 1983. Voucher specimen #BISH443578(Wagner, W.L. 4799).

Merrill, Elmer D. 1923. An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, vol. 3 [reprint]. Bureau of Printing, Manila. 628 pp.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2011. Flora of China (online resource).