Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Brassicaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: qi

English: boursette, case weed, lady's purse, pepper plant, shepherd's purse, St. James weed

French: bourse à pasteur, capselle à pasteur

Japanese: nazuna

Spanish: bolsa de pastor, calzoncitos, comida de pajaritos, mastuerzo de chivo, mastuerzo de coche, surrón de pastor, yerba de puerco, zurrón de pastor

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Annual herb. Stem erect, little- to much-branched above, (2)-15-30-(80) cm tall. Leaves and stems with spreading simple hairs and sparse to dense appressed stellate hairs. Leaves not lobed to runcinate-pinnatifid, very variable in shape, shallowly dentate or rarely subentire; lower leaves petiolate, (0.4)-5-15 x (0.2)-2-5 cm; upper leaves with sagittate or amplexicaul lobes at base, smaller, becoming entire. Racemes (2)-5-20-(45) cm long; pedicels erecto-patent at flowering, spreading at fruiting. Sepals glabrous or sparsely hairy, green or pinkish, 1-1.5 x 0.6-0.8 mm. Petals white, 2-2.5 x 0.7-1 mm, sometimes reduced or 0. Silicle narrowly to broadly obtriangular, emarginate, 5-10 x 4-7 mm; valves sharply keeled, reticulately veined, greenish brown; style c. 0.5 mm long. Seeds pale brown, c. 1 x 0.5 mm"  (Webb et al., 1988; p. 410).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "naturalized in disturbed, often dry sites, especially pastures"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 402).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  "Worldwide weed, origin obscure" (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia (Pacific offshore islands) Lord Howe Island	Lord Howe Island	introduced invasive	Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 19) "A common weed of roadsides, cultivated land or disturbed soil". Vouchers cited: A.N. Rodd NSW123154 (K, NSW), C. Moore 49 (K)
Australia (Pacific offshore islands) Norfolk Islands	Norfolk Island	introduced invasive	Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 8) "A common weed of roadsides, cultivated land or disturbed soil". Voucher cited: P. Ralston 63 (A, K)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive cultivated	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (pp. 477, 523, 552) Voucher cited: Danton I(5/114)1465. "En RC, es una adventicia que se introdujo probablemente con las importaciones de forraje que se desarrollaron sin control sanitario estos últimos años. La encontramos en varios sitios del pueblo de San Juan Bautista a partir de los cuales, ciertamente, se va extender".
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Floreana Group	Floreana Island	introduced invasive	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Isabela Group	Isabela Island	introduced invasive	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Isabela Group	Volcán Sierra Negra, Isabela Island	introduced invasive	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) San Cristóbal Group	San Cristóbal Island	introduced invasive	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Santa Cruz Group	Santa Cruz Island	introduced invasive	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 402) Voucher cited: Rock 8322 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 402)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 402)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 402)
Japan (offshore islands) Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands		Kato, Hidetoshi (2007)
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 44) Voucher cited: Bougier 98
New Zealand (offshore islands) Kermadec Islands	Kermadec Islands	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 410) "Common weed of cultivated and waste land".
Philippines Philippine Islands	Philippine Islands		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 152)
Philippines Philippine Islands	Philippine Islands	introduced invasive	Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 208) Collected once in Baguio, but apparently occurs there only as a casual plant.
United States (other Pacific offshore islands) Midway Atoll	Sand Island	introduced invasive	Herbst, Derral R./Wagner, Warren L. (1996) (p. 10) Voucher cited: Herbst & Takeuchi 9087 (BISH)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Australia (continental)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 152)
Chile (continental) Chile	Chile (Republic of)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 152)
China China	China (People's Republic of)	native	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2011) "Roadsides, gardens, fields, waste areas, mountain slopes".
China China	Hong Kong	native	Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 110)
Colombia Colombia	Colombia (Republic of)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 154)
Guatemala Guatemala	Guatemala (Republic of)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 154)
Indonesia Indonesia	Indonesia (Republic of)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 152)
Japan Japan	Japan (country)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 154)
Japan Japan	Japan (country)	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 183)
North Korea North Korea	North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 154)
South Korea South Korea	South Korea (Republic of)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 154)
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 152)
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 410) "Common weed of cultivated and waste land".
Perú Perú	Perú (Republic of)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 154)
Taiwan Taiwan	Taiwan Island		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 154)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
La Réunion (France) La Réunion Island	La Réunion Island		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 154)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Capsella bursa-pastoris is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Capsella bursa-pastoris as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Capsella bursa-pastoris may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John. 2011. Naturalized species in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile. Unpublished spreadsheet.

Charles Darwin Foundation. 2008. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos, Ecuador.

Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido. 2006. Nouveau catalogue de la flore vaculaire de l'archipel Juan Fernández (Chile) [Nuevo catálogo de la flora vacular del Archipélago Juan Fernández (Chile)]. Acta Bot. Gallica 153(4):399-587.

Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias. 1988. Dicot weeds, vol. 1. CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basle, Switzerland. 335 pp.

Herbst, Derral R./Wagner, Warren L. 1996. Contributions to the Flora of Hawai‘i. V. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Miller, Scott, E., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1995. Part 2: Notes. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 46:8-12.

Kato, Hidetoshi. 2007. Herbarium records of Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University. Personal communication.

MacKee, H. S. 1994. Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 164 p.

Merrill, Elmer D. 1923. An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, vol. 2 [reprint]. Bureau of Printing, Manila. 530 pp.

Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro. 2004. Invasive alien species in Japan: the status quo and the new regulation for prevention of their adverse effects. Global Environmental Research 8(2)/2004: 171-191.

Orchard, Anthony E., ed. 1994. Flora of Australia. Vol. 49, Oceanic islands 1. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).

Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. 1988. Flora of New Zealand, Volume IV: Naturalised pteridophytes, gymnosperms, dicotyledons. Botany Division, DSIR, Christchurch. 1365 pp.

Wu, Te-lin. 2001. Check List of Hong Kong Plants. Hong Kong Herbarium and the South China Institute of Botany. Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department Bulletin 1 (revised). 384 pp.

Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2011. Flora of China (online resource).