Callitris columellaris F.Muell., Cupressaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 9 (Go to the risk assessment).

Common name(s): [more details]

English: Bribie Island-pine, coast cypress-pine, coastal-cypress, Murray River-pine, Murray-pine, northern cypress-pine, sand-cypress, slender native cypress-pine, western cypress-pine, western sand-cypress, western-cypress, white cypress-pine, white-pine

Habit:  tree

Description:  "Erect, columnar tree to 30 m tall. Branches erect or fastigiate. Leaves 1-3 mm long on ultimate branchlets, dark green; dorsal surface rounded. Male cones solitary or clustered, cylindrical, to 5 mm long. Female cones solitary on slender fruiting branchlets, ovoid or depressed-globular, 15-20 mm in diameter, shedding seeds and deciduous shortly after maturity; cone scales 6, thin, separating almost to the base and spreading widely after opening; dorsal point below the apex small or absent; alternate scales reduced; larger scales apically sharply inturned; columella variable, usually thick and 3-angled, 5-7 mm high. Seeds numerous, chestnut-coloured; wings 2 or 3, c. 4 mm wide"  (Flora of Australia online).

Habitat/ecology:  In Australia (native), "locally abundant on deep coastal sands"  (Flora of Australia online).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Australia; also cultivated (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island		Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.) (1997) (voucher ID: BISH 653864) Taxon name on voucher: Callitris columellaris F. Muell
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island		Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.) (1955) (voucher ID: BISH 115351) Taxon name on voucher: Callitris columellaris F. Muell
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Oppenheimer, Hank L. (2002) (pp. 20-21) West Maui. Vouchers cited: Oppenheimer H119814 (BISH), Oppenheimer H119815 (BISH), H.F. Clay s.n. (BISH).
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island		National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1988) (voucher ID: PTBG 40127) Taxon name on voucher: Callitris cf. columellaris F. Muell.
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island		Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.) (1998) (voucher ID: BISH 659095) Taxon name on voucher: Callitris columellaris F. Muell
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced	Oppenheimer, Hank L. (2002) (pp. 20-21) Voucher cited: C. G. Lennox s.n. (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Frohlich, Danielle/Lau, Alex (2012) (p. 34) Vouchers cited: J. Beachy & K. Kawelo U.S. Army 158 (BISH), U.S. Army 176
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island		Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.) (1944) (voucher ID: BISH 115352) Taxon name on voucher: Callitris columellaris F. Muell

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Australia (continental)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011) Ashmore and Cartier, Austr. Capital Terr., South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia.
Australia Australia (continental)	New South Wales	native	Australian Biological Resources Study (2011) Voucher cited: J. H. Maiden (NSW)
Australia Australia (continental)	Northern Territory	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	native	Australian Biological Resources Study (2011) Vouchers cited: R. Schodde 3556 (CANB, NSW), H.S. McKee 5691 (NSW)

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	USA (Florida)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Callitris columellaris is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Callitris columellaris as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Callitris columellaris may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Australian Biological Resources Study. 2011. Flora of Australia Online. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.

Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.). 1944. Voucher specimen #BISH115352(Lennox, C.G. s.n.).

Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.). 1955. Voucher specimen #BISH115351(Aldrich, W.W. 4 & 1).

Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.). 1997. Voucher specimen #BISH653864(Lorence, D.H. 7983).

Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.). 1998. Voucher specimen #BISH659095(Oppenheimer, H.L. H119815).

Frohlich, Danielle/Lau, Alex. 2012. New plant records for the Hawaiian Islands 2010-2011. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2011. Part II: Plants. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 113:27-54.

National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.). 1988. Voucher specimen #PTBG40127(Flynn, Tim 2779).

Oppenheimer, Hank L. 2002. The spread of gymnosperms on Maui: a neglected element of the modern Hawaiian Flora. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2000. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 68:19-23.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. 2011. The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.