Steud., Poaceae
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Steud., Poaceae |
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Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Other Latin names: Bromus catharticus Vahl var. elatus (E. Desv.) Planchuelo; Bromus catharticus subsp. stamineus (E. Desv.) A. N. Massa; Bromus stamineus E. Desv.; Bromus unioloides var. elata E. Desv.; Bromus valdivianus Phil.
Common name(s): [more details]
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English: grazing brome |
Habit: grass
Description: "Perennial; caespitose. Culms 50-120 cm long. Lateral branches lacking. Leaf-sheaths pilose. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 2-3 mm long. Leaf-blades 12-30 cm long; 4-7 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous. Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle open; lanceolate; 15-20 cm long. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Fertile spikelets: Spikelets comprising 4-7 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; compressed strongly; 20-30 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Glumes persistent; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume lanceolate; 7-11 mm long; 0.9 length of upper glume; membranous; 1-keeled; 5-7 -veined. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume lanceolate; 7-13 mm long; 0.75-1 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous; 1-keeled; 9 -veined. Upper glume apex acute. Florets: Fertile lemma lanceolate; 10-13 mm long; chartaceous; keeled; 7-9 -veined. Lemma surface pubescent. Lemma apex awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn subapical; 8-12 mm long overall. Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped. Flower: Lodicules 2; membranous. Anthers 3. Ovary with a fleshy appendage above style insertion; pubescent on apex. Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; hairy at apex; apex fleshy. Hilum linear" (GrassBase).
Habitat/ecology: In New Zealand, "roadsides and waste ground usually near the coast in areas of low rainfall" (Edgar & Connor, 2000; p. 367).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: Argentina, Chile and Peru; naturalized elsewhere (GRIN).
Presence:
| Pacific | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011) |
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Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 551) |
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Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011) |
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Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 551) |
| Pacific Rim | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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Chile (continental)
Chile |
Chile (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Antofagasta, Atacama, Bio-Bio, Coquimbo, La Araucania, Los Lagos, Maule, Valparaiso |
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New Zealand
New Zealand |
New Zealand (country) |
introduced
invasive |
Edgar, E./Connor, H. (2000) (p. 367)
As Bromus stamineus Desv. |
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Perú
Perú |
Perú (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Junin, La Libertad |
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United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (Oregon) |
introduced
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011)
Western states. |
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United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (California) |
introduced
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011) |
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United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (Washington) |
introduced
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2011) |
Additional information:
Additional online information about Bromus cebadilla is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).
Information about Bromus cebadilla as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).
Taxonomic information about Bromus cebadilla may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).
References:
Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John. 2011. Naturalized species in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile. Unpublished spreadsheet.
Clayton, W.D./Harman, K.T./Williamson, H. 2011. World Grass Species: Descriptions, Identification, and Information Retrieval [GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora]. The Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido. 2006. Nouveau catalogue de la flore vaculaire de l'archipel Juan Fernández (Chile) [Nuevo catálogo de la flora vacular del Archipélago Juan Fernández (Chile)]. Acta Bot. Gallica 153(4):399-587.
Edgar, E./Connor, H. 2000. Flora of New Zealand, vol. V: Gramineae. Manaaki Whenua Press.
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. 2011. The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.