Bidens cynapiifolia Kunth, Asteraceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

English: beggar's tick

Spanish: alfilerillo, manzanilla negra, margarita blanca

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Erect annual herbs 0.2-2 m tall. Leaves pinnately to bipinnately compound to tripinnatifid, usually 3-12 cm long including petiole.  Heads 3-8 or more in simple or compound cymes terminating main stem and lateral branches, 0.4-0.8 cm in diameter, discoid or radiate and slightly wider peduncles 2-9 (-15) cm long in flower, lengthening in fruit; outer involucral bracts linear, 4-6 (-7) mm long; ray florets absent or 3-4 per head, rays yellow, 5-7.5 mm long; disk florets ca. 25 per head, perfect; pappus of 4-6 barbed awns 2-3 mm long.  Achenes dark brown, straight or curved outward, linear and more or less quadrangular, longitudinally grooved, wingless, 8-17 mm long, setose"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 274).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "naturalized in dry areas" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 274).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  West Indies and tropical America (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 274).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) San Cristóbal Group	San Cristóbal Island	introduced invasive	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 274)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive	Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. (1995) (p. 23) Voucher ctied: T. Flynn et al. 2707 (PTBG)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 274)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 274)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 274)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 274)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Colombia Colombia	Colombia (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Costa Rica Costa Rica	Costa Rica (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Ecuador (Mainland) Ecuador	Ecuador (Republic of) (continental)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Ecuador (Mainland) Ecuador	Ecuador (Republic of) (continental)	native	Missouri Botanical Garden (2011)
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Panama Panama	Panama (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Perú Perú	Perú (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2011)
Perú Perú	Perú (Republic of)	native	Missouri Botanical Garden (2011)

Comments:  Probably not native to the Galápagos Islands.

Additional information:
Masís, A., Pérez, D., Chavarría, F., Espinoza, R. y Guadamuz, A. 1999. Species Page de Bidens cynapiifolia (Asteraceae),13 abril 1999. Species Home Pages, Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica.

Additional online information about Bidens cynapiifolia is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Bidens cynapiifolia as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Bidens cynapiifolia may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Charles Darwin Foundation. 2008. Database inventory of introduced plant species in the rural and urban zones of Galapagos. Charles Darwin Foundation, Galapagos, Ecuador.

Charles Darwin Research Station. 2005. CDRS Herbarium records.

Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy W./Wagner, Warren L. 1995. Contributions to the flora of Hawai‘i. III. New additions, range extensions, and rediscoveries of flowering plants. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Miller, Scott, E., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1994. Part 1: Articles. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 41:19-58.

Missouri Botanical Garden. 2011. TROPICOS. Online searchable database.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2011. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).

Wiggins, I. L./Porter, D. M. 1971. Flora of the Galapágos Islands. Stanford University Press. 998 pp.