Antirrhinum majus L., Plantaginaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  Evalulate; score: 3 (Hawaii-Pacific Weed Risk Assessment for Antirrhinum majus)

Other Latin names:  (no species-level synonyms found)

Common name(s): [more details]

English: snapdragon

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Much-branced herb 0.5-3' tall; upper stems downy and glandular. Lvs simple; blades oblong-lanceolate, 1-3" x 0.25-0.5", widest at middle and tapering at both ends. Infl a terminal raceme; leafy bracts present in lower part. Flws 1-1.25" long, variously colored, fragrant. Frt an oblique capsule, 0.5-0.75" long. Seeds deeply reticulate, corky ridges jagged." (A Tropical Garden Flora, p. 525)

Habitat/ecology:  (no habitat/ecology info known by PIER)

Propagation:  seed

Native range:  Northern Africa (Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia); temperate western Asia (Cyprus, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey); southern Europe (Albania, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Malta, Serbia, France, Portugal, Spain) (GRIN)

Impacts and invaded habitats:  (no invaded habitats or impacts known by PIER; please let us know if you know of such information we should add here)

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island		Consortium of Pacific Herbaria (2018)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Seychelles Islands	introduced	Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017)

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Europe Europe	Spain	invasive	Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 29) (C)ommon weed
Europe Europe	Yugoslavia	invasive	Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 29) (C)ommon weed

Comments:  "In Hawai'i, snapdragons are grown as winter annuals that thrive best where temperatures are cooler (i.e., at higher elevations on Maui and the Big Island). Young plants are usually purchased in flats from nurseries, although seeds are readily available through garden shops or by mail." (A Tropical Garden Flora, p. 525)

Control:  If you know of control methods for Antirrhinum majus, please let us know.