Anthemis cotula L., Asteraceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

English: chamomile, dog fennel, foetid chamomile, mayweed, mayweed chamomile, stinking chamomile, stinking mayweed, stinkweed, wild chamomile

French: camomille des chiens, camomille maroute, camomille puante

Spanish: manzanilla hedionda

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Annuals, (5-) 15-35 (-90) cm, usually ill-scented. Stems green (sometimes red-tinged), usually erect, branched mostly distally or ± throughout, glabrous, glabrate, puberulent, or sparsely strigillose to strigoso-sericeous (glabrescent, hairs mostly medifixed) and gland-dotted. Leaf blades 25-55 x 15-30 mm, 1-2-pinnately lobed. Peduncles mostly (2-) 4-6 (-15) cm. Involucres 5-9 mm in diameter, ± villosulous to arachnose. Receptacles paleate mostly distally; paleae subulate to acerose 2-3+ mm (often gland-dotted). Ray florets 10-15, styliferous and sterile; corollas white, laminae 5-15+ mm. Disc corollas 2-2.5 mm (sparsely gland-dotted). Cypselae 1.3-2 mm, ribs ± tuberculate (furrows often gland-dotted); pappi 0"  (Flora of North America online).

Description from Flora of New Zealand.

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "sparingly naturalized in scattered localities"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 258).  In North America, "disturbed sites, clearings, fields, roadsides; 10-600 (-1500+) m"  (Flora of North America online).  In New Zealand, "Waste places, especially roadsides, pasture, lawns"  (Webb et al., 1988; p. 158).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Canary and Madeira Islands, northern Africa, Europe, western Asia (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive cultivated	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 551)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 258) Voucher cited: Rock 3374 (BISH)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 258)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 258)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 258)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	New South Wales	introduced invasive	National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013) "Grows in pastures and grassland".
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	introduced invasive	National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013)
British Columbia (province of Canada) Province of British Columbia	Canada (British Columbia)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
Japan Japan	Japan	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 189)
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 158)
United States (west coast) United States (west coast states)	USA (Oregon)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
United States (west coast) United States (west coast states)	USA (California)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
United States (west coast) United States (west coast states)	USA (Washington)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Canada Canada	Canada	introduced	Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. (2013)
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	United States (other states)	introduced	Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. (2013)
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	USA (Florida)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized

Control:  If you know of control methods for Anthemis cotula, please let us know.