Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)


Report on invasive plant species in Palau (2002 survey)


Appendix 9.  Background material and references

Bell, G. in: Randall, J. M. and J. Marinelli, ed. 1996. Invasive plants: weeds of the global garden. Brooklyn Botanic Garden Handbook 149.

Binggeli, P. 1996. A taxonomic, biogeographical and ecological overview of invasive woody plants. Jour. Veg. Sci. 7:121-124.

Cole, T. G., M. C. Falanruw, C. D. MacLean, C. D. Whitesell and A. H. Ambacher. 1987. Vegetation survey of the Republic of Palau. Pac. SW Forest and Range Expt. Stn. Resource Bull. PSW-22. USDA Forest Service. 13 pp.

Cronk, Q. C. B., and J. L. Fuller. 1995. Plant invaders. Chapman and Hall. 241 pp.

Csurhes, S. and R. Edwards. 1998. Potential environmental weeds in Australia: Candidate species for preventative control. Canberra, Australia. Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia. 208 pp.

D’Antonio, C. M., and P. M. Vitousek. 1992. Biological invasions by exotic grasses, the grass-fire cycle, and global change. Ann. Rev. Ecol. And System. 23:63-87.

Denton, G. R. W., R. Muniappan and M. Marutani. 1991. The distribution and biological control of Lantana camara in Micronesia. Micronesica Suppl. 3:71-81.

Denton, G. R. W., R. Muniappan and M. Marutani. 1991. Status and natural enemies of the weed, Lantana camara, in Micronesia. Tropical Pest Management 37(4):338-344.

Drake, J., F. di Castri, R. Groves, F. Kruger, H. Mooney, R. Rejmanek and M. Williamson, eds. 1989. Biological Invasions: A Global Perspective. John Wiley & Sons, NY. 525 pp.

Falanruw, M. C., J. E. Maka, T. G. Cole and C. D. Whitesell. 1990. Common and scientific names of trees and shrubs of Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall Islands. Pac. SW Forest and Range Expt. Stn. Resource Bulletin PSW-67. 91 pp.

Fosberg, F. R., D. Otobed, M.-H. Sachet, R. L. Oliver, D. A. Powell and J. E. Canfield. 1980. Vascular plants of Palau with vernacular names. Department of Botany, The Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 43 p.

Fosberg, F. R., and M.-H. Sachet. 1975. Flora of Micronesia. Part 1. Gymnospermae. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 20: 1-15.

Fosberg, F. R., and M.-H. Sachet. 1975. Flora of Micronesia. Part 2. Casuarinaceae, Piperaceae, and Myricaceae. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 24: 1-28.

Fosberg, F. R., and M.-H. Sachet. 1977. Flora of Micronesia. Part 3. Convolvulaceae. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 36: 1-34.

Fosberg, F. R., and M.-H. Sachet. 1980. Flora of Micronesia. Part 4. Caprifoliaceae, Compositae. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 45: 1-40.

Fosberg, F. R. and M.-H. Sachet. 1987. The Genus Timonius (Rubiaceae) in the Palau Islands. Micronesica 20:160-164.

Fosberg, F. R., M.-H. Sachet and R. L. Oliver. 1979. A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae. Micronesica 15:1-295.

Fosberg, F. R., M.-H. Sachet and R. L. Oliver. 1987. A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae. Micronesica 20:1-126.

Fosberg, F. R., M.-H. Sachet and R. L. Oliver. 1993. Flora of Micronesia. Part 5. Bignoniaceae--Rubiaceae. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 81: 1-135.

Hafliger, E. and H. Scholz. 1980. Grass Weeds. CIBA-GEIBY Ltd., Basle, Switzerland. Two volumes.

Hafliger, E. 1980. Monocot Weeds. CIBA-GEIBY Ltd., Basle, Switzerland. 132 pp. plus plates.

Harley, K. L. S., and I. W. Forno. 1992. Biological control of weeds: A handbook for practitioners and students. Inkata Press, Melbourne/Sydney. 74 pp.

Holm, Leroy G., D. L. Plucknett, J. V. Pancho, and J. P. Herberger. 1977. The world’s worst weeds: Distribution and Ecology. East-West Center/University Press of Hawaii. 609 pp.

Hughes, Colin E. 1994. Risks of species introductions in tropical forestry. Commonwealth Forestry Review 73(4):243-252.

Hughes, R. F., P. M. Vitousek, and T. Tunison. 1991. Alien grass invasion and fire in the seasonal montane zone of Hawai‘i. Ecology 72:743-746.

Julien, M. H. (ed.) 1992. Biological control of weeds: A world catalogue of agents and their target weeds (third edition). CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp. 89-108, 138-141.

Kepler, A. K. 1993. Terrestrial biota of the southwest Palau Islands, western Pacific. Tech. Report, Bureau of Resources and Development, Republic of Palau. 152 pp. Plus appendices and photographs.

Large, M. F. and Q. C. B. Cronk. 1996. Ardisia: the next pest? Aliens 4:4.

Lonsdale, W. M. 1999. Global patterns of plant invasions and the concept of invasibility. Ecology 80(5):1522-1536.

MacArthur, R. H., and E. O. Wilson. 1967. The theory of island biogeogrphy. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton Univ. Press. 203 pp.

McLean, C. D., T. G. Cole, C. D. Whitesell, and K. E. McDuffie. 1988. Timber resources of Babelthuap, Republic of Palau. Pac. SW Forest & Range Expt. Sta. Resource Bull. PSW-23. USDA Forest Service. 8 pp.

Meyer, J-Y. 2000. Preliminary review of the invasive plants in the Pacific islands (SPREP Member Countries) in: Sherley, G. (tech. ed.). Invasive species in the Pacific: A technical review and draft regional strategy. South Pacific Regional Environment Programme, Samoa. 190 pp.

Meyer, J-Y, and J. Florence. 1996. Tahiti's native flora endangered by the invasion of Miconia calvescens DC. (Melastomataceae). Journal of Biogeography 23:775-781.

Mueller-Dombois, D., and F. R. Fosberg. 1998. Vegetation of the tropical Pacific Islands. New York, Springer-Verlag. 733 pp.

Muniappan, R. and M. Marutani. 1991. Distribution and control of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae). Micronesica Suppl. 3:103-107.

Nakano, K., K. Pollol, and L. O. Ayin. 1987. On the devastated grassland in Palau and Yap, the western Carolines. Reprint from The prompt report of the Fifth Scientific Survey of the South Pacific. Kagoshima University, Research Center for the South pacific.

Parsons, W. T. and E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne/Sydney. 692 pp.

Raulerson, L., A. F. Rinehart and M. C. Falanruw. 1996. A botanical reconnaissance of the proposed Compact-impact road alignment on Babeldaob Island, Republic of Palau. U. of Guam Herbarium Cont. No. 32.

Smith, A. C. 1979-1991. Flora Vitiensis nova: a new flora of Fiji. Lawai, Kauai, Hawaii. National Tropical Botanical Garden. Six Volumes.

Space, J. C. and M. Falanruw. 1999. Observations on invasive plant species in Micronesia. USDA Forest Service, Honolulu. 32 pp.

Staples, G. W., D. Herbst and C. T. Imada. 2000. Survey of invasive or potentially invasive cultivated plants in Hawai‘i. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers No. 65. 35 pp.

Stoddart, D. R. 1992. Biogeography of the tropical Pacific. Pac. Sci. 46:276-293.

Stone, B. C. The flora of Guam. Micronesica 6:1-659.

Swarbrick, J. T. 1997. Weeds of the Pacific Islands. Technical paper No. 209. South Pacific Commission, Noumea, New Caledonia. 124 pp.

Thaman, R. R. 1999. Wedelia trilobata: Daisy invader of the Pacific Islands. Preliminary draft discussion paper prepared for the SPREP Regional Invasive Species Strategy for the South Pacific Islands Region, Nadi, Fiji, 26 September-1 October, 1999.

Tolfts, Andrew. Cordia alliodora: the best laid plans… Aliens 6 (1997): 12-13.

Wagner, W. L., D. R. Herbst and S. H. Sohmer. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii, revised edition with supplement by Wagner, W. L. and D. R. Herbst, pp. 1855-1918. University of Hawaii Press, 1919 pp. in 2 volumes.

Waterhouse, D. F. 1993. Biological control: Pacific prospects. Supplement 2. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra. 138 pp.

Waterhouse, D. F. 1994. Biological control of weeds: Southeast Asian prospects. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra. 302 pp.

Waterhouse, D.F. 1997. The major invertebrate pests and weeds of agriculture and plantation forestry in the Southern and Western Pacific. The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra. 69 pp.

Waterhouse, D. F. and K. R. Norris. 1987. Biological control: Pacific prospects. Inkata Press, Melbourne. 454 pp.

Whistler, W. A. 1992a. Flowers of the Pacific Island Seashore. Isle Botanica, Honolulu. 154 pp.

Whistler, W. A.. 1995. Wayside Plants of the Islands. Isle Botanica, Honolulu. 202 pp.

Williamson, M. 1996. Biological Invasions. Chapman and Hall. 244 pp.


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This page revised 7 April 2009